农户兼业、生产性服务与水稻种植面积决策——基于11省1646户农户的实证研究

本文基于全国11省1646户农户调研数据,构建实证模型分析了农户兼业、生产性服务与水稻种植面积之间的关系。结果表明,在兼业农户比重和平均兼业水平都很高的背景下,兼业导致的“劳动力流失效应”在纯农户和兼业农户的种植面积决策中均有所体现,并且在一兼农户中表现最为显著,而“投资效应”仅体现在纯农户的种植面积决策上。接受生产性服务有助于提高各类农户的种植面积,能够缓解种稻劳动力流失对种植面积造成的负面影响,同时能够缓解一兼农户农业收入比重下降对种植面积造成的负面影响。由此,加强粮食产业生产性服务体系建设、加大纯农户粮食生产补贴力度等是稳定我国水稻生产的重要举措。     

Nonprofit organizations in between the nonprofit and market spheres: Shifting goals,governance and management?

In spite of the belief instilled by the New Public Management reforms that nonprofit organizations (NPOs) can benefit from more management, more measurement and more market practices, systematic knowledge on the organizational effects of NPOs incorporating business practices in their day‐to‐day functioning remains absent to date. This research note addresses this limitation by reviewing 49 research articles. The focus lies on the redefinition of nonprofits' mission and income streams, changing governance arrangements and shifting management practices. We find that, despite numerous detrimental effects cited in the literature, (a) generating commercial income can contribute to the financial stability of NPOs, and (b) hybridization towards the market domain can strengthen the organizational legitimacy of NPOs, suggesting that imitating for‐profit enterprises might contribute to nonprofit functioning in perception, rather than in practice.     

Inference for Weibull distribution under adaptive Type-I progressive hybrid censored competing risks data

In this paper, a competing risks model is considered under adaptive type-I progressive hybrid censoring scheme (AT-I PHCS). The lifetimes of the latent failure times have Weibull distributions with the same shape parameter. We investigate the maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters. Bayes estimates of the parameters are obtained based on squared error and LINEX loss functions under the assumption of independent gamma priors. We propose to apply Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques to carry out a Bayesian estimation procedure and in turn calculate the credible intervals. To evaluate the performance of the estimators, a simulation study is carried out.     

What makes hybrid insourcing successful: A new public–private partnership model for social welfare services

Outsourcing has been a key policy tool for delivering a range of social services, and regarded as more effective than insourcing or direct government provision. At the same time, it has also caused many delivery issues such as principal‐agent problems, a lack of policy coordination, and poor‐quality welfare services. While the pendulum continues to swing between insourcing and outsourcing, we aim to propose a new public–private partnership model called the “hybrid insourcing model” and examine which factors influence the performance of the model. In South Korea, around 2010, the local government in Namyangju City was the first to implement the “Hope Care Center model,” a kind of hybrid insourcing model, which has been praised for its innovation and widely emulated by central and local governments. Our analysis utilizes data collected between December 2017 and January 2018 from public sector employees and civilian staff in Namyangju and a comparable city, A. From this, we draw a number of implications, both for theory and for policy. We argue that, for public–private partnerships, active cooperation and equality are the biggest factors in contributing to positive performance. These work alongside leaders with a clear vision and with employees' positive attitude.     

百越民族的水稻、浮稻与“鸟田”传说新解

《越绝书》、《吴越春秋》等古籍中记载的“鸟田” ,有的学者诠释为“以鸟助耕” ,这纯属误解。本文通过对百越民族谷物起源神话的分析 ,得出”鸟田”、“雒田”研究的新结论 :它们来源于古代百越民族的鸟、狗取稻种神话 ,原意是指水稻、浮稻和水田。     

劳动力价格上升与江、浙水稻播种面积相悖变化——基于替代弹性的解释

理论上提出替代弹性对劳动力价格与水稻播种面积关系的作用机制,并利用江、浙两省2004—2013年水稻播种面积表现出的相异生产轨迹对上述理论推断进行验证。结果表明:江苏省劳动力与其它要素替代弹性显著高于浙江省,且每工日劳动力价格上升,江苏省水稻播种面积增加,而浙江省减少。结论证明农业劳动力价格普遍上升时并不意味着粮食播种面积的下降,相反,国家可以因地制宜地推广如农业机械小型化、劳动力替代技术示范与推广等相关政策以增加劳动力要素的可替代性,巩固粮食供给水平。     

基于可信性理论的Mean-CVaR投资组合优化

选取CVaR作为风险度量指标,在可信性理论的基础上构建Mean-CVaR投资组合模型,采用Markov过程预测作为模糊变量的预期投资收益率,并设计基于模糊模拟和遗传算法的混合智能算法以求解;选取上证50成份股2013—2014年的日度历史交易数据,将该模型应用到中国证券市场,结果发现该投资组合模型与中国证券市场的环境具有一定的适应性,能够为投资者的投资决策提供依据。     

重大疫情下的农村封闭式治理：情境、过程与结果——基于桂中H村的调研分析

小农户分为纯小农户、农业兼业户、非农兼业户和非农农户四种类型,乡村振兴视角下探索分化小农户的差异化发展路径尤为重要。混合型发展基于高度分化和异质化的小农户群体特征,分别采用转型之路、多元之路、特色之路和选择之路,统筹推进四类小农户实现分型发展,综合推进小农户嵌入现代农业发展轨道,引导小农户积极融入业态培育和产业培育当中,助力农业农村新旧动能实现平稳转换。     

采购拍卖下混合回收渠道的闭环供应链奖惩契约协调研究

在市场需求不确定下,应用采购拍卖和奖惩契约研究零售商和第三方混合回收的闭环供应链协调问题。针对市场中存在m个制造商、1个零售商和1个第三方回收商的情形,分析目录拍卖-双重奖惩契约机制协调供应链的影响,证明当参数满足一定条件时目录拍卖-双重奖惩契约机制能够协调闭环供应链。