从第二语言教学谈语言教学与文化的关系

汉外文化差异会直接影响对外汉语教学效果,因此语言教学必须与文化教学紧密结合,不可分割,否则会影响交际,甚至引起文化冲突。本文以汉俄两种语言对比为例,论述了汉外文化差异及其将文化导入语言教学的方法。     

知识产权保护与科技成果转化的冲突及其协调

知识产权保护与科技成果转化的冲突,是指对知识产权个人垄断权益的保护与其以实现社会整体利益为目标的科技成果转化之间的冲突,其本质是人为的社会体制与科技发展内在的客观规律之间的冲突;提高科技研发人员自身素质、强化企业技术创新能力、加强政策法律导向和市场调节作用等,是消除该类冲突的主要途径和措施.     

Marital Conflict,Ineffective Parenting,and Children's and Adolescents' Maladjustment

Data from the 1988 National Survey on Families and Households were analyzed to examine the associations among marital conflict, ineffective parenting, and children's and adolescents' maladjustment. Parents' use of harsh discipline and low parental involvement helped explain the connection between marital conflict and children's maladjustment in children aged 2 through 11. Parent‐child conflict was measured only in families with a target teenager and also was a significant mediator. Although ineffective parenting explained part of the association between marital conflict and children's maladjustment, independent effects of marital conflict remained in families with target children aged 2 through 11 (but not for families with a teenager). With a few exceptions, this pattern of findings was consistent for mothers' and fathers' reports, for daughters and sons, for families with various ethnic backgrounds, and for families living in and out of poverty.     

关于社会主义社会基本矛盾的辩证思考

社会主义基本矛盾的内涵涉及到对社会主义的正确认识,恩格斯关于生产资料社会性两重性的思想,为认识社会主义的基本矛盾提供了科学的方法论。社会主义社会的基本矛盾是生产资料社会主义社会化占有与相对落后的社会化生产的矛盾,既与资本主义社会基本矛盾区别,也与社会基本矛盾相吻合,同时也与社会主义发展的现实相一致。社会主义社会的生产力和生产关系相互促进的作用过程就是社会主义社会基本矛盾辩证发展的过程和方式。     

我国区域刑事法律冲突初探

我国各民族之间的差异、民族区域自治制度及其自治权的存在是我国区域刑事法律冲突产生的基本原因,而通过制定顾全大局、兼顾特别的变通性、补充性刑法规范,可缓解这一冲突;通过加快少数民族地区的发展步伐,逐步消除民族之间的政治、经济、文化上的差距,进而达到彻底消除这一冲突,实现法制统一的良好局面。     

Distal and Proximal Factors in Domestic Violence: A Test of an Integrated Model

We employed 4,095 couples from both waves of the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH) to test a model of couple violence drawn from several theoretical perspectives. The outcome distinguishes among nonviolent couples and those experiencing either physical aggression or intense male violence. According to the model, background characteristics of couples are related to relationship stressors, which affect the risk of violence via their tendency to promote verbal conflict. Considerable support for the model was found. Couples were at higher risk for one or both forms of violence if they were younger at union inception, had been together for less time, were both in their first union, had only one partner who was employed, had a nontraditional woman paired with a traditional man, had at least one partner who abused substances, had more children, had more frequent disagreements, exhibited a more hostile disagreement style, or lived in an economically disadvantaged neighborhood. Moreover, the effects of stressors such as the number of children and couples' employment status disparities appear to be mediated by disagreement frequency and disagreement style.     

从跨文化管理角度看跨国公司竞争优势

企业文化是企业竞争优势的来源之一,与企业经营业绩呈正相关。随着跨国公司的跨国经营,文化差异和冲突为企业的经营带来了严重的不利后果,这就需要研究和加强跨文化管理。通过跨文化管理解决文化冲突,寻找超越文化冲突的企业目标,使得企业文化的形成按所希望的方向发展。企业竞争优势是企业在与同行业的竞争中所表现出来的相对于对手的一种优势,依赖这种优势企业可以获得超过本行业平均收益率的回报。跨文化管理使企业在学习和接受其他文化理念的同时创造自身的竞争优势。     

丁玲与延安文艺

对于丁玲来说,生命的辉煌与劫难都与延安文艺时代密不可分,延安文艺时代成就了丁玲,也为其以后的劫难埋下了伏笔。通过丁玲与延安文艺的建构、碰撞、融合关系的梳理,不难看出丁玲为延安文艺的建构、发展做出了重大贡献,但同时由于丁玲自身个性主义与政治意识的纠结也在无意间对延安文艺的一体化发展带来了一定程度的阻滞。     

关系营销视角下的渠道冲突机理与规避研究

分销渠道畅通与否，直接影响企业在市场上的竞争能力和经营业绩。因此，正视分销渠道管理中的矛盾冲突，深入分析其特点及产生机制并对症下药，对企业的经营具有重要意义。本文另辟蹊径，从关系营销的视角对其进行了深入的研究。     

A subjectivist approach to consecutive conflict

An easily applied approach is developed to provide one participant in a sequence of conflicts with an optimal strategy. A goal of this article is to demonstrate that it is mathematically feasible to incorporate a decision maker's subjective distributions over the effects his actions will have on the outcomes of future conflicts. Unlike many other approaches, the model of this article does not restrict the beliefs that the participant is allowed to express. The participant, not the decision theorist, decides on what is relevent. Model assumptions required for updating rules, such as Bayesian updating, are not required unless they really are appropriate for the situation.Thanks are due to J. B. Kadane for suggesting the problem and for many helpful discussions.