文化身份认同危机与异化——论查建英的《到美国去!到美国去!》

不同于上几代老移民作家,也有异于同时代的一些新移民作家,作为20世纪80年代的新移民作家代表,美籍华人查建英致力于描写北美华裔所面临的文化和性别冲突.她徘徊于中西文化之间,体会着"边缘化"的状态,其作品《到美国去!到美国去!》透视了"边缘人"的生存和心理状态,反映出人物在中/西矛盾对立中特殊的充满悖论式的生存困境,揭示了新移民难以逃遁的文化身份认同危机和异化等问题,以及在身份认同危机和异化中所追求的一种自我放逐的自由.     

施工企业危机管理及其经济分析

危机管理的目的是为了避免和减少危机的损害,是一场"防御性的战斗",也是一项系统工程。论文结合竞争激烈的施工企业市场实际,从施工企业危机管理入手,阐述了施工企业危机管理目前的共性内容,并通过分析对危机管理的重要意义、危机管理效果和经济效果的衡量等问题,进一步通过施工企业危机管理的经济分析对危机管理投入、所得的界定,研究了危机管理投入的量化及归一化,以及危机管理所得的量化及归一化问题,得出单位投入所带来的整体稳定态势,其值越大表明危机管理越有效。可为施工企业开展此项工作提供一定的理论指导。     

The organizational shaping of collective identity: The case of lesbian and gay film festivals in New York

Using information gathered during fieldwork on New York lesbian and gay film festival organizations, this paper argues that scholarship on identity has not paid sufficient attention to the organizational mediation of collective identity. The shape of collective identity—how internal instabilities and diversities are accommodated, in this case—depends not only on the emergent characteristics of the “collective,” but also on the resolution of challenges particular to organizational fields. Two very differently conceived lesbian and gay festival organizations, sites at which decision making about collective identity is ongoing and self-conscious, are examined. The analysis traces how each responds to two related tasks: maintaining community legitimacy, which requires racial diversification, and surviving within an altered institutional environment. Rather than imposition from “above” or construction from “below,” the adaptive responses by organizations (to changes in both community expectations and the resource environment) transform the collective identity formulations reaching public visibility. Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the Colloquium Series of the Center for Lesbian and Gay Studies, City University of New York, 1995, and at the Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, Washington, DC, 1995.     

Estimation of noncentrality parameters

We propose some estimators of noncentrality parameters which improve upon usual unbiased estimators under quadratic loss. The distributions we consider are the noncentral chi-square and the noncentral F. However, we give more general results for the family of elliptically contoured distributions and propose a robust dominating estimator.     

大中城市城郊失地农民的现状调查分析（I）

随着中国城市化进程的加快，在社会主体层面上直接表现为农民身份向市民身份的嬗变和转型。基于此背景，结合对某地区失地农民的120份调查问卷分析，从失地农民主体角度探讨他们对失地农民这一强制性身份的认同程度及其影响因素。研究发现，健全的社会保障体系、稳定工作和收入、城市生活方式及思想观念等3个因素最终影响着失地农民的身份认同。其中健全的社会保障体系、稳定工作和收入、城市生活方式及思想观念对失地农民身份认同起着不可替代的作用，且由大到小影响着失地农民的身份认同。     

South African Indian migration in the twenty-first century: towards a theory of ‘triple identity’

This paper is inspired by three issues, namely ongoing research on South Africans of Indian origin, the anecdotal evidence that accumulates through ongoing discussions on a casual level with such people and the increasing interest among researchers about how globalization and transnational movements are impacting upon identity formation among minorities who are seeking employment or a new life in the developed economies of the ‘big five’ English-speaking countries, i.e. the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the UK. It is in countries such as these that a third identity emerges and develops to instill a sense of triple identity. The information here suggests that, when people of Indian origin migrate to one of these countries, they continue to cling to South Africa because it is their country of birth, as well as to India, more for sentimental rather than practical reasons. The topic of this paper reflects a contemporary phenomenon not just among the Indians in South Africa, but also among other diasporas such as Chinese in Latin America, whose new and final emigration destination always seems to be the US. In addition, people of Chinese origin in the countries of Indochina, such as Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, experienced similar patterns of becoming diasporas in Europe, North America and Oceania in the 1970s. However, migration implores them to renegotiate their identities in order to adapt and settle in accordance with their newly adopted host territories. This gives rise to an identity that straddles three countries, which induces the need to examine new ways of identity building in a global transnational economy.     

日本的道德教育及高校德育改革

日本强国的成功,与其强大的教育、尤其是优秀文化传统和良好道德教育的强有力支撑分不开。如清明、正直善良同情吃苦勤劳节俭之心的传统美德;德育过程中的并重个性、协作、传统、劳动、人生观教育,强调学生主体、群体意识、异域优秀文化、道德实践,国家利益至上的完美结合。但日本朝野各界现都确认正视,全球化大深入背景下的日本高校德育危机已经出现不少大学生脱离政治;无远大理想;贪图生活安逸;个人主义倾向严重等。全方位的日本高校德育改革正在进行;德育成为学校教育的首位;最重要的德育目标仍然坚持民族精神与爱国思想;内容从共同价值观扩展至宗教、伦理、纪律、法制、民主、人道消费、环保等人类生活诸方面;正规课程与非正规课程结合;形式社会化、网络化与开放性整合。     

Boundary Spaces

While shows like The X-Files and 24 have merged conspiracy theories with popular science (fictions), some video games have been pushing the narrative even further. Electronic Art's Majestic game was released in July 2001 and quickly generated media buzz with its unusual multi-modal gameplay. Mixing phone calls, faxes, instant messaging, real and "fake' websites, and email, the game provides a fascinating case of an attempt at new directions for gaming communities. Through story, mode of playing, and use of technology, Majestic highlights the uncertain status of knowledge, community and self in a digital age; at the same time, it allows examination of alternative ways of understanding games' role and purpose in the larger culture. Drawing on intricate storylines involving government conspiracies, techno-bio warfare, murder and global terror, players were asked to solve mysteries in the hopes of preventing a devastating future of domination. Because the game drew in both actual and Majestic-owned/-designed websites, it constantly pushed those playing the game right to borders where simulation collides with " factuality'. Given the wide variety of "legitimate' conspiracy theory, alien encounters and alternative science web pages, users often could not distinguish when they were leaving the game's pages and venturing into " real' World Wide Web sites. Its further use of AOL's instant messenger system, in which gamers spoke not only to bots but to other players, pushed users to evaluate constantly both the status of those they were talking to and the information being provided. Additionally, the game required players to occupy unfamiliar subject positions, ones where agency was attenuated, and which subsequently generated a multi-layered sense of unease among players. This mix of authentic and staged information in conjunction with technologically mediated roles highlights what are often seen as phenomenon endemic to the Internet itself; that is, the destabilization of categories of knowing, relating, and being.     

刑法中的"自然身份犯"概念质疑

长期以来,我国刑法理论的学说在论及刑法中的特殊主体时,一般认为以特殊主体为犯罪成立条件或刑罚加减事由的身份犯可以其形成方式的不同而划分为自然身份犯和法定身份犯,其中自然身份犯中的自然身份主体的形成来源于诸如男女性别、亲属等自然事实。本文通过严密的论证,阐明了刑法中自然身份及自然身份犯的概念在理论上是不妥当的,应从理论中予以剔除。     

湘云易装卮言

史湘云易装的故事,是曹雪芹对中国历史上女扮男妆这一源远流长的文化现象的创造性解读的产 物,文章从女性服装的角度,展现了曹雪芹新的女性观,探索了女装的新的发展趋向,再现了新的历史条 件下的魏晋风度。