论诗歌的话语空间──兼析语言蒙太奇在诗歌中的运用

诗歌语言和散文语言的区别是人们探讨得比较多的一个话题。本文认为，诗歌语言和散文语言的本质区别在于话语空间大小不同，并在此基础上阐明判定话语空间大小的标准，以及诗歌创造话语空间的几种常用手法。另外，本文还对诗歌语言蒙太奇手法进行了初步探讨。     

人的现代化的关键：人格转型

我国目前正处在社会的转型时期 ,一方面是计划经济向市场经济的转型 ,另一方面也是传统社会向现代社会的转变。在社会的转型期中 ,人的转型也势所必然。而人格转型则是由传统的人走向现代人 ,实现人的现代化的关键。只有既实现社会的现代化 ,又实现人的现代化 ,我们才能真正走上现代化的发展道路。     

相变界面流动技术的计算精度

对用于固液相变问题数值模拟的界面流动技术的精度进行了讨论，分析表明对移动界面项使用一阶有限差分不能精确地描述界面的运动，特别是在解决如爆融情况下的高热流问题，建议使用二阶方法，其在所有情况下均可保证足够的精度。     

试论贺铸对杜牧的认同与继承

杜牧对贺铸的影响是一个明显但少有人提及的问题.<东山词>中以三种方式袭用了大量的杜诗,体现了贺铸对杜牧第二种人格形象的强烈共鸣与认同.这是由于二人身世经历与人生目标的异同所造成的,同时也是贺铸在创作活动中自我选择的必然结果.     

Of Piddley Results and Unanticipated Consequences: Comments on Fein

Fein's discussion of race relations is anchored in two basic objections to planned social change. First, such attempts involve problematic ethical and values choices. Second, the very nature of society confounds our best efforts at reform. While this paper offers no solutions to the ethical dilemmas, it does contend that guided social change is not as fruitless or dangerous as Fein implies.     

饭店业环保运营影响因素研究——以福建省为例

近几年，我国饭店业绿色化发展速度非常快，但由于国家尚未专门制定饭店业环境管理的相关法律法规，致使饭店业环保运营的效果不够理想。本文以福建省为例，在问卷调查的基础上运用SPSS统计软件进行分析，并得出结论：影响饭店业环保运营的因素主要来源于饭店效能、市场需求、企业形象和社会责任，饭店管理者仍以饭店效能作为环保运营的第一原则，法律法规及商业协会对饭店业环保运营几乎没有影响。     

Identifying potential cycling market segments in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania

Most travel behaviour studies that seek to promote cycling define market segments based on socio-demographics, travel mode use or attitudes. They do not address the stages of change process in travel behaviour, whereas this information can be instrumental in influencing travel behaviour change. This paper adopts the stages of change model to identify potential cycling market segments and to analyse and profile each of the market segments based on socio-economic factors, current travel behaviour, attitudes, perceptions and motivations. A survey was conducted among 620 individual regular commuters in the city of Dar-es-Salaam. On the basis of cycling behaviour attitudinal-variable statements, as developed from the stages of change model, the survey data were classified in six different segments: pre-contemplation, contemplation, prepared for action, action, maintenance and relapse. The study revealed that the different segments have different needs and are motivated by different factors suggesting that they need to be treated in different ways. These market segments can have important implications for designing cycling policies and promotional strategies that best serve the needs of each segment. The results indicate that urban policies and marketing strategies which aim to promote bicycle use may first target the contemplation, prepared for action and action segments that are most motivated to change and willing to cycle.     

Cross-Validated Assessments of Test Scoring Models

On a multiple choice test in which each item has r alternative options, a given number c of which are correct, various scoring models have been proposed. In one case the test-taker is allowed to choose any size solution subset and he/she is graded according to whether the subset is small and according to how many correct answers the subset contains. In a second case the test-taker is allowed to select only solution subsets of a prespecified maximum size and is graded as above. The first case is analogous to the situation where the test-taker is given a set of r options with each question; each question calls for a solution which consists of selecting that subset of the r responses which he/she believes to be correct. In the second case, when the prespecified solution subset is restricted to be of size at most one, the resulting scoring model corresponds to the usual model, referred to below as standard. The number c of correct options per item is usually known to the test-taker in this case.

Scoring models are evaluated according to how well they correctly identify the total scores of the individuals in the class of test-takers. Loss functions are constructed which penalize scoring models resulting in student scores which are not associated with the students true (or average) total score on the exam. Scoring models are compared on the basis of cross-validated assessments of the loss incurred by using each of the given models. It is shown that in many cases the assessment of the loss for scoring models which allow students the opportunity to choose more than one option for each question are smaller than the assessment of the loss for the standard scoring model.     

高拱诗文略考

明代中后期思想家和政治家高拱著有《诗文杂著》一书。该著除杂著部分外，诗词部分有“古乐府”、“五言古”“七言古”“五言律”“七言律”“五言排律”“七言排律”“五言绝”“七言绝”九种格式，凡59首。其中，大致可以判定具体撰作Et期或历史事件者有28首。这些诗词反映了高拱从政两起两落的心态变化及其不同时期的心路历程。     

MOSUM monitoring for variance change in nonparametric regression models

ABSTRACT

This article considers the monitoring for variance change in nonparametric regression models. First, the local linear estimator of the regression function is given. A moving square cumulative sum procedure is proposed based on residuals of the estimator. And the asymptotic results of the statistic under the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis are obtained. Simulations and Application support our procedure.