唐湜的诗歌意象理论

意象历来是诗学研究中的重要课题.在20世纪40年代,九叶诗派诗人、诗学家唐湜通过对诗歌历史与现状的考察,对意象及其特征进行了自己的独特描述,认为意象就是诗歌本身而不只是传达手段,意象是灵魂与意志的凝合,是潜意识与意识之间的桥梁,并认为凝定的"姿"是诗歌意象的形态特征.     

Combining New Institutionalisms: Explaining Institutional Change in American Property Insurance

This article combines institutionalisms to explain fundamental change in American property insurance. During the 1950s, the industry shifted from associations to price-competitive markets and vertically integrated firms. I advance two new arguments to explain this shift: First, institutions endogenously generate conditions for change. Second, fundamental change or institutional replacement depends on a dynamic convergence of conditions—market failures, legitimacy crises, new models of order—and the culmination of this dynamic in politics and policies that admit alternatives into fields. Together, these arguments reduce indeterminacies in existing theories of change and shed new light on punctuated equilibria and the politics of transformation.     

Defining Dangerous Anthropogenic Interference: The Role of Science, the Limits of Science

Defining "dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system" in the context of Article 2 of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) presents a complex challenge for those developing long-term climate policy. Natural science has a key role to play in quantifying vulnerabilities of elements of the Earth system and estimating the risks from a changing climate. But attempts to interpret Article 2 will inevitably draw on understanding from social science, psychology, law, and ethics. Here I consider the limits of science in defining climate "danger" by focusing on the potential disintegration of the major ice sheets as an example of an extreme impact. I show that considerations of timescale, uncertainty, and learning preclude a definition of danger drawn purely from natural science. Decision makers will be particularly challenged by one characteristic of global problems: answers to some scientific questions become less accurate over decadal timescales, meandering toward the wrong answer, a feature I call negative learning. I argue for a precautionary approach to Article 2 that would be based initially on current, limited scientific understanding of the future of the ice sheets.     

义素分析为什么不能贯彻始终?--浅谈潜像词及其义素分析问题

我说声"苹果",你的大脑可以马上浮现一个苹果的表象;你说声"原则",我不管怎样努力,也无法想象出一个什么原则的表象.我们把"苹果"这样的词叫做潜像词,把"原则"这样的词叫做非潜像词.依据潜像信息与语义特征在潜像词中的作用,我们将潜像词分为三个小类.其中二类潜像词和三类潜像词才可能进行义素分析,而一类潜像词是无法进行义素分析的.     

"陆马争督"与甘肃军政格局的演变

1920年底,甘肃地区爆发了以马福祥为首的回族军人集团和以陆洪涛为首的汉族军人集团争夺甘肃督军的运动,史称"陆马争督".分析、评述这一历史事件,有助于探讨这次"争督"的历史成因及其对20世纪20年代甘肃地区军政格局所造成的影响.     

HDTV信源编码中的自适应处理

在序列图像编码中，自适应性是提高图像主观质量的一个关键，自适应处理方法一般是窈门（ｋｎｏｗ－ｈｏｗ）的形式出现，它是从编码的实践中获得的。讨论了人的视觉特性及如何将它用于对ＤＣＴ系数的量化，以改善ＨＤＴＶ序列解码象的主观质量。实验表明，文中所述方法的解码图像的主观质量比作者在文献［１］中报告的有明显改善。     

财务信息对上市公司高层变动的影响分析

上市公司高层变动受多种因素的影响,经营业绩是其中一个重要因素,能有效反映公司经营绩效的财务信息,对高层变动的影响也是不容忽视的。通过对深市样本公司的高层变动与会计信息的实证分析,进一步证明了不同会计信息对高层变动的影响程度及二者的关系,从而为投资者和管理者及其他财务数据使用者提供有效的参考依据。     

由红到黑:对闻一多诗歌意象的一种阐释

闻一多研习美术多年,对色彩极为敏感,尤其是红色和黑色,是他的诗作当中的具有象征意义的重要颜色。前期的闻一多营造了一个以美和爱为中心的“红色”意象群,后期则偏重于创造“死亡”、“鬼”等的“黑色”意象世界。以红色追求理想、真理,以黑色加深文本的现代意义。意象的由“红”到“黑”,显示了诗人审美取向及文化取向甚至人生道路的转向与深入。     

论苏轼黄州前后词风的变化

历经乌台诗案的生死劫难,被贬黄州的苏轼惮于做诗为祸,转而将主要精力投入到他视为"小词无碍"的创作中,致使其创作发生了由诗而词的重大变化.但因为那场文字狱给苏轼太深的精神创伤,即使是"小词"的创作,也明显地表现出苏轼词学风格由前期的外张向内敛、昂扬向悲壮、积极向悲凉的重要转换.     

Examining the link between program implementation and behavior outcomes in the lifestyle education for activity program (LEAP)

Lifestyle Education for Activity Program (LEAP) was a comprehensive, school-based intervention designed to promote physical activity in high school girls. The intervention focused on changes in instructional practices and the school environment to affect personal, social, and environmental factors related to physical activity. Multiple process evaluation tools and an organizational assessment tool were developed to monitor program implementation from a framework called the LEAP essential elements, which characterized complete and acceptable intervention delivery; secular trends were also monitored. Using process data, LEAP intervention schools were categorized into low- and high-implementing groups and compared with control schools on nine essential elements assessed at the organizational level. The Wilcoxon scores test revealed that low- and high-implementing intervention, and control schools differed significantly on two of nine administrator-reported organizational-level components: having a physical activity team and having a faculty-staff health promotion program. A mixed-model analysis of covariance indicated that, compared to control schools, a greater percentage of girls in high-implementing schools reported engaging in vigorous physical activity. Process evaluation can be used to understand the relationship between level of implementation and successful program outcome.