Stress and coping in US organizations: The role of the Employee Assistance Programme

Abstract

The organizational role of the Employee Assistance Programme (EAP) is evaluated with particular respect to managerial and human resources policies and practices. Attention is given to models of the EAP, and an ideal-typical model is discussed. A synoptic view is taken covering the scope of the EAP, the sectors of application, the selection criteria for the EAP, as well as patterns of introduction-all within a contingency framework. A critical analysis is made of the roles of participants within the EAP process, as well as of problematic ethical and professional dimensions which the EAP introduces into organizational functioning. A final section treats the future forms of development which the EAP may follow to satisy both organizational and professional imperatives.     

Canadian Campus Smoking Policies: Investigating the Gap Between Intent and Outcome From a Student Perspective

Abstract

Background: Young adults remain the earliest legal target for the tobacco industry. Against this, the existence of smoking policies would appear to offer some protection to students on campus. However, little research has been conducted into the outcomes of such policies from a student perspective. Methods: The authors conducted 8 focus groups at 4 selected Canadian undergraduate campuses to investigate student perceptions and behaviors resulting from campus smoking policies. Results: Results indicated that student smoking behaviors are minimally impacted by campus smoking policies due to seriously compromised implementation and enforcement. Conclusions: These findings imply that the presence of campus smoking policies and claims of “smoke-free” campuses should not be misinterpreted as achievement and without renewed focus and adequate tobacco control infrastructure, it will remain possible for young adults to initiate and maintain tobacco smoking on campus.     

20世纪初英帝国建制工作评析

20世纪初,英国进行了大规模的帝国建制工作。早已衰落的自由主义再度成为帝国建设的主导思想,文化相对主义、社会主义也适时对帝国建设提出补充性看法。根据这些理论,英国建成了白人移民殖民地、印度、附属帝国三层帝国管理体制。然而,该体制也暴露出了滞后性和难以真正解决权力平衡的弱点,这与后来的帝国解体存在着必然的联系。     

Separate and Unequal: The Housing Act of 1968 and the Section 235 Program

In recent years scholars have identified racial disparities in wealth and home ownership as crucial factors underlying patterns of racial inequality and residential segregation in American metropolitan housing markets. While numerous federal housing policies have been identified as responsible for reinforcing residential segregation and racial inequalities in home ownership, little research has focused on the segregative effects of the Section 235 program. As one component of the 1968 Housing Act, Section 235 was designed to shift the focus of federal housing policy away from dispensing aid to local housing authorities for building public housing to providing direct supply-side subsidies to the private sector to stimulate home ownership for nonwhites and the poor. Archival and census data, government reports and housing analyses, and oral histories and interviews are used to examine the segregative effects of the Section 235 program in Kansas City, Missouri from 1969 through the early 1970s. Findings indicate that while the housing subsidy program allowed a vast majority of participating white families to purchase new housing in suburban areas, most participating African American families purchased existing homes located in racially transitional neighborhoods in the inner city. These findings corroborate recent research showing how the market-centered focus of federal housing policy has impaired the ability of African Americans to accumulate wealth through home ownership and reinforced racially segregative housing patterns.     

高校"树人"的历史责任

高校承担着培育“四有”新人的历史责任。为此 ,高等教育必须坚持党的教育方针不动摇 ,与时俱进 ,迎接挑战 ,切实加强和改进新时期大学生思想政治教育工作     

中国的城乡差距:原因反思与政策调整

中国的城乡差距已经到达一个令人不安的水平。这是由多种因素造成的。生产力分布的特点和市场机制的作用客观上决定了农村在城乡关系中的弱势地位,但不适当的制度和政策同样是重要原因,而且更值得我们去审视和检讨。必须统筹城乡经济社会发展,改革计划经济体制下形成的城乡分治的各种制度,重点突破制约"三农"问题的体制性矛盾和结构性矛盾,加速农村工业化和城市化进程,促进农民向非农领域的就业转移,积极推动城乡融合。只有这样,才能不断地缩小以致最终消除城乡差距。     

试析清末新政对中国文化与经济近代化的影响

近代中国的落后,使得中国饱受列强的欺凌,先进的中国人掀起了爱国自救运动,与此同时,清政府的上层统治者也在审时度势推行"清末新政",其对中国的文化与经济发展起到重大作用.     

我国中等收入者比重扩大的效应分析

党的十六大报告第一次提出以共同富裕为目标,扩大中等收入者比重,提高低收入者收入水平,这一论断丰富了我国的分配政策。在全面建设小康社会的过程中,中等收入者比重的扩大是社会稳定的基础,是经济发展的推动力量,是先进文化的消费和创造的强大动力。     

中日战争终结处理与美国亚洲政策转变

国民党政府在战后结束中日战争状态 ,实施对日处置的整个过程中都受到当时美国亚洲政策的影响。政策制定遵循美国意志 ;具体实施随美国亚洲政策的转变而逐渐由减缓到停止 ;最后在法律上放弃对日处置的一切权利 ,在某种程度上也是出于美国的压力。美国给中日战争终结处理造成严重恶果 ,应负历史责任。     

大革命时期徐谦对三大政策的态度

在大革命时期 ,徐谦对三大政策的态度经历了一个由认同到背离、放弃的变化 ,具有鲜明的资产阶级两面性。徐谦可谓当时国民党内由激进渐趋保守、后退的典型