“六列”考释

曹植《叙愁赋》“承师保之明训，诵六列之篇章”句中“六列”一词，赵幼文《曹植集校注》认为“于此不可解”，而校改为“列女”。清代孙星衍曾指出“六列”是指《列女传》中的六篇。此外，“六列”有时还是帝王后宫不同等级妇人的总称。     

晚清督抚制度与权力制衡

清朝统治者继承并改善了督抚制度，建立了一套较为完善的权力体系，使中央与地方之间保持了200多年的制衡状态。19世纪中叶，由于战争的原因，这种平衡被打破。太平天国运动的爆发，晚清地方督抚彻底掌握了交战各省的军政大权，政令、军令得以统一。这一方面为清朝在战争中获得胜利奠定了基础，另一方面也造成了中央与地方权力的失衡。     

唐长安务本坊内的国子监

唐长安城务本坊中的国子监,在教育史、中外文化交流史上具有重要影响。通过将历史与地理作为时空两个坐标结合起来研究国子监,全方位梳理隋唐国子监的制度历史,具体研究供职人员官名品级数量,学生人数和来源,留学生情况,课程设置与考核,将有助于解释唐代国子监由兴而衰的变化,折射出科举制对社会转型的影响。     

Myopic Analysis for Multi‐Echelon Inventory Systems with Batch Ordering and Nonstationary/Time‐Correlated Demands

We provide an exact myopic analysis for an N‐stage serial inventory system with batch ordering, linear ordering costs, and nonstationary demands under a finite planning horizon. We characterize the optimality conditions of the myopic nested batching newsvendor (NBN) policy and the myopic independent batching newsvendor (IBN) policy, which is a single‐stage approximation. We show that echelon reorder levels under the NBN policy are upper bounds of the counterparts under both the optimal policy and the IBN policy. In particular, we find that the IBN policy has bounded deviations from the optimal policy. We further extend our results to systems with martingale model of forecast evolution (MMFE) and advance demand information. Moreover, we provide a recursive computing procedure and optimality conditions for both heuristics which dramatically reduces computational complexity. We also find that the NBN problem under the MMFE faced by one stage has one more dimension for the forecast demand than the one faced by its downstream stage and that the NBN policy is optimal for systems with advance demand information and stationary problem data. Numerical studies demonstrate that the IBN policy outperforms on average the NBN policy over all tested instances when their optimality conditions are violated.     

八股科举制度的虔诚信徒——评《儒林外史》中的马二先生

八股文导源于宋代而盛行于明清，在明清两代，八股文是读书人猎取功名的唯一手段，八股文禁锢着读书人的思想。《儒林外史》中的马二先生是一个本性善良、豪侠仗义之人。他虽然二十多年科场不利，但仍然将举业作为他人生唯一的目标。他是八股科举制度的虔诚信徒，他真诚地捍卫举业，最终成为八股科举制度的牺牲品。     

Preferential policies for ethnic minority students in China's college/university admission

Based on a review of the history and current circumstances of the preferential policies applied to ethnic minority students in college/university enrolment, the present paper justifies these policies from a social perspective and provides an evaluation of their impact. The paper concludes that these preferential policies function as an effective guarantee of equal access to education rights, opportunities and resources for those ethnic minority students whose educational performance is comparatively poor owing to external constraints from society, family and school. This conclusion applies in particular to the ‘lowering admission scores policy’ through which ethnic minority students can be admitted to higher education with lower scores than those belonging to all but a few categories of Han students.     

科举学的形成与发展

古代"科举学"是指备考科举之学,现代"科举学"是指研究科举之学。科举学是一个多学科的研究领域,是一个逐渐形成和正在发展壮大的专学。科举学的形成,经历了从制度的考证和史实的回忆、文献整理与资料编纂,走向理论探讨与专学构建的过程。科举学的发展趋势是从分散走向综合。21世纪科举学的波澜起伏,将堪与20世纪的红学相比,具有远大的发展前程。     

全球化世界中的农村生计:重回阶级视角审视

文章认为，在现代全球化商品生产环境下，构建生产和再生产的社会关系从普遍意义上讲就是阶级关系，提出应重回阶级视角审视和分析农村贫困及其产生原因。在这一视角下对现代农地变迁进行探讨，并在提出当代农耕变化七个命题的基础上，识别了不同阶层关系下的动力机制和不同发展政策议题下隐含的阶级动力，并指出，现有关于改善农业生产、农村生计和福利的政策忽略了阶级不平等性，因此它们也忽略了贫困的根本社会基础以及不同干预对此带来的重要影响。     

贵州农村土地承包期政策研究

贵州农村土地承包期政策，即“增人不增地，减人不减地”政策，是贵州的一项极具特色的地方立法。该政策对贵州农村经济发展、社会稳定等曾起到了积极作用。然而，从法律价值层面分析，该政策不利于其价值目标的实现；从法律效力层面分析，该政策与现行法律相悖；从社会实证层面分析，该政策亦无法正确反映农村村民的需求，实须改进。     

阿坝州红色旅游资源的优势及其开发的制约因素和策略探析

阿坝州是国家重点培育的十二个"重点红色旅游区"之一,红色旅游资源丰富,开发其红色旅游资源对于打造当地藏羌文化走廊,推动地区经济快速发展具有重要意义.为此,文章概述了阿坝州红色旅游的资源优势,分析了开发其红色旅游资源的制约因素,并在此基础上提出了开发其红色旅游资源的策略.