英语专业低年级汉英翻译教学策略探析──基于有声思维实验

运用有声思维实验,对山西某大学英语专业30名大一学生的汉英翻译过程进行分析,研究发现,英语专业低年级学生在汉英翻译过程中,存在一些突出的共性问题：学生使用的翻译单位较小;学生的母语思维负迁移较为严重;学生的宏观分析能力较弱;非思维问题。结合学生的实际问题,有针对性地提出教师在课堂教学中应注意运用一些策略：首先,有声思维实验本身就是一项较为有效的翻译教学策略;其次,教师应向学生系统地讲授通过翻译实践增强翻译时的宏观意识、英汉思维和语言的差异、通过阅读来增加语感和积累、正视自己的非思维问题等,从而切实培养和提高低年级学生的汉英翻译能力。     

阐释学翻译视阈下老舍作品中本源概念翻译策略研究 ——基于《二马》汉英双语平行语料库的个案分析

文章以老舍《二马》及其英译本为语料建立汉英双语平行语料库,旨在探讨该作品中本源概念的分布及其翻译策略,并从阐释学翻译理论的视角,探寻译者如何运用各种翻译策略成功传递本源概念信息,做到最佳阐释。研究表明,在翻译过程中,译者必须充分发挥主观能动性,深入理解本源概念的文化内涵,深刻领会原文作者的表达意图,恰当选用一种或多种翻译策略来阐释和传递本源概念,从而使译者对原文做出最佳阐释。     

行政空间邻接与土地财政传导效应——基于武汉城市圈实证分析

以武汉城市圈为例,基于行政地位对土地财政具有空间效应的假设,根据不同行政地位（主城区、远郊区、区、县级市、县）的土地出让金差异划分归类,在分析不同类别行政区的空间邻接关系的基础上,嵌入多策略的空间权重矩阵建立空间滞后模型,研究行政空间邻接关系对地方政府土地财政收入的重要作用。结果显示：人均GDP、城镇居民人均可支配收入、地均固定资产投资和土地财政高度正相关,第二产业增加值占比、地均财政收入对土地财政产生负向影响;土地财政受不同行政地位之间空间传导效应的影响,2013年、2015年土地财政在处于中心城区附近的主城区与远郊区、区之间的空间互动性更强,这一发现肯定了相对落后地区对土地财政的依赖性,强行政权力地区拥有最具价值的土地发展机会。     

游戏情境中不同策略对幼儿延迟满足水平的影响

幼儿延迟满足能力的发展对其毕生发展具有重要影响。为了考察不同策略对不同年龄阶段幼儿的延迟满足水平有何影响,本文通过实验的方式设置一定的游戏情境,对三个年龄阶段（3岁、4岁和5岁）的幼儿实施6种不同的延迟满足策略。结果显示：延迟策略的使用显著提升了幼儿的延迟满足时间;幼儿的延迟满足能力随着年龄的增长而提高,无论使用哪种延迟策略,幼儿年龄越大,延迟满足时间越长;6种延迟策略的使用对幼儿延迟满足时间的影响有显著差异,3-5岁幼儿的使用延迟策略中,注意转移策略最好,榜样强化策略次之,语言策略最差。教育工作者及家长可根据具体情况进行选择。     

幼儿游戏中同伴冲突解决策略的现状及建议

游戏是幼儿园的基本活动,也是幼儿进行社会交往的主要形式之一。幼儿游戏中同伴冲突对幼儿社会性的发展具有积极意义,幼儿及教师对同伴冲突的应对方式直接影响到幼儿社会性的发展。本研究采用观察法通过对幼儿园一日活动中幼儿游戏同伴冲突现状进行研究,发现教师和幼儿在应对和解决冲突中多用消极解决策略：幼儿解决策略较多使用攻击性行为、互不相让、威胁命令;教师解决策略较多使用粗暴制止、独断专制、简单安抚、延迟处理。这些解决问题的方法易导致幼儿同伴间关系紧张,对教师缺乏信任,教师也会错失教育时机。由此,对幼儿及教师在应对冲突时存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了相应策略。     

大班幼儿分享行为现状与教师指导策略

分享作为一种亲社会行为,是个体在社会生存发展的重要因素。养成良好的分享习惯有利于促进幼儿的社会性发展,帮助幼儿更快地适应社会集体环境。本研究以幼儿园大班幼儿为研究对象,通过观察法、访谈法探讨大班幼儿的分享行为的现状,结果发现大班幼儿的分享行为过程多发生于区域自由活动当中;分享内容主要是事物和情感;分享动机多来源于内部动机;幼儿分享频率较低,且男女存在差异;分享多发生于关系亲密的同伴之间,但分享对象多呈现无明显的反馈。据此提出相关建议,为幼儿教师解决大班幼儿分享问题提供一定的借鉴和经验。     

Interaction dynamics: The case of the water sector skills plan in South Africa

Despite extensive and continuous efforts to strengthen the capacity of people, organizations and institutions, there is evidence of an increasing gap between the existing and required capacities within the water sector. Consensus seems to be emerging regarding the need for national strategies to improve water sector capacity development. This paper analyses the dynamics of actors’ interactions and their characteristics (motivation, cognition and power) during the formulation and implementation of a specific capacity development strategy, namely the Water Sector Skills Plan (SSP) in South Africa. Based on the Contextual Interactive Theory and empirical findings, our analysis indicates slow progression and challenges with implementing the SSP, mainly due to the lack of consultation with key stakeholders during the formulation stage, a lack of data sharing among the target group (the Sector Education Training Authorities), and a lack of capacities within the key implementing organizations. These policy dynamics need to be taken into account when advocating for national capacity development strategies as a solution for challenges with water sector capacity development. The paper proposes the recommendations that are of relevance for the SSP as well as similar initiatives in other countries.     

公立幼儿园服务定位落实的困境与出路

公立幼儿园应该提供一种基础性的教育，在公平框架下理应为所有的适龄儿童提供接受教育的机会，这在我国相关法律政策中有明确规定。但是，部分公立幼儿园并没有按照国家的要求落实这个服务对象的定位，这在一定程度上缩小了优质学前教育的受益范围，使社会下层民众在享受公共财政支持的学前教育服务方面受到了不公正待遇，不利于学前教育的整体发展。基于此，公立幼儿园服务定位的落实问题值得我们深思。     

Recruitment of foreign male and female fighters to Jihad: Morocco’s multifaceted counter-terror strategy

Field research on ‘young Moroccan Jihadists in Syria and Iraq from northern Morocco’ unexpectedly revealed the mundane factors behind their recruitment represented in the self-realization and the search for heroism, adventure and money, were the main reasons for the recruitment of young people in northern Morocco terrorist organizations, especially the Daesh. The religious factor is secondary. To combat terrorism and extremism which is spreading in the MENA region requires political will. Appropriate laws should be enacted as soon as possible and policies must be implemented to ensure border control, the closure of financing ports, propaganda platforms, anti-addiction, etc.     

Resilience and Decision‐Making Strategies as Predictors of Career Decision Difficulties

The purpose of this study was to examine resilience and decision‐making strategies as predictors of difficulties experienced during the career decision‐making process. College students (N = 364) responded to measures of resilience, career decision‐making strategies, and career decision difficulties. Results indicated that resilience and decision‐making strategies accounted for 46% of the variance in career decision difficulties. Resilience had a greater influence on problems encountered during decision making than on problems encountered at the outset of the process. Different decision‐making strategies appeared to be related to difficulties encountered at different stages of the decision‐making process. For example, aspiration for an ideal occupation was positively associated only with lack of readiness. Procrastination was the only strategy related to all three decision difficulties: lack of readiness, lack of information, and inconsistent information. The results indicated the importance of decreasing procrastination at all stages of decision making and the need to promote resilience to deal with decision difficulties.