布洛陀经诗文本与母题浅析

本文以布洛陀文化为背景,试图在田野考察的基础上重新深入布洛陀经诗的文本内容与演唱情境,依据经诗祈求福祉、禳解冤怪的两大功能,探索其中涵盖的创世史诗、早期英雄史诗等史诗细类,并发掘其中的英雄史诗母题及其文化内涵,阐释壮族文化特质,阐述笔者眼中的经诗发展现状。     

Assessing the Traumatic Impact of Child Sexual Abuse

A sample of 531 self-identitied adult and adolescent survivors of sexual abuse were sent or given a 686 item Post-Traumatic Stress Questionnaire. Each respondent described between 1-3 different sexually abusive experiences with different perpetrators, in detail, for a total of 1140 experiences. A series of statistical analyses examined the correlations and relationships between aspects of the abuse (including perceived severe impact, duration, frequency, type of abuse, use of force, age of onset) and scores on a variety of standardized instruments. Results of these analyses of the Impact of Events Scale, the Trauma Symptom Checklist-33, and the MMPI-PTSD scale revealed that the cognitive variable of perceived severity of impact accounted for the most variance in scores on the instruments. Other variables which influenced higher scores were greater number of abusers, greater intrusiveness of abuse with force, and greater intrusiveness of abuse without force.     

An Approximation Algorithm for Alignment of Multiple Sequences using Motif Discovery

Given a set of N sequence, the Multiple Sequence Alignment problem is to align these N sequences, possibly with gaps, that brings out the best commonality of the N sequences. The quality of the alignment is usually measured by penalizing the mis-matches and gaps, and rewarding the matches with appropriate weight functions. However for larger values of N, additional constraints are required to give meaningful alignments. We identify a user-controlled parameter, an alignment number K (2 K N): this additional requirement constrains the alignment to have at least K sequences agree on a character, whenever possible, in the alignment. We identify a natural optimization problem for this approach called the K-MSA problem. We show that the problem is MAX SNP hard. We give a natural extension of this problem that incorporates biological relevance by using motifs (common patterns in the sequences) and give an approximation algorithm for this problem in terms of the motifs in the data. MUSCA is an implementation of this approach and our experimental results indicate that this approach is efficient, particularly on large numbers of long sequences, and gives good alignments when tested on biological data such as DNA and protein sequences.     

迟子建小说中童年母题的外在表现形式及其文化内涵

从迟子建小说中可以看出,她的童年经验无处不在,因此童年母题的运用是迟子建小说中最富有特色的叙事模式。迟子建笔下的自然万物都充满了灵性与生命活力,动物也被她赋予了人类情感和人性内涵。迟子建小说中自然与儿童的物人交感折射出迟子建的童心和对自然的热爱,是其小说中童年母题的外在表现形式。     

《浮士德》中的母题分析

《浮士德》这部作品洋洋大观,涉猎极广,出现了多样母题,如死亡与重生、爱情、巫术等,而行文紧凑,结构精巧,母题的纷呈没有影响其整体意韵,反而赋予其独特的魅力。通过分析其中的主要母题,从全新的视野解读了这部经典作品。     

论黎族文身的伦理隐喻

黎族文身有着深刻的伦理原因,是古代黎族母系氏族为抑止血缘婚所刻下的氏族标志,是乱伦禁忌在黎族氏族社会留下的印记。它深藏的伦理考虑和设计已被模糊在宗教、审美乃至现实解说的时间烟尘中,它原本所表达的氏族含义远不似人们认定的那样表面、浅泛。其意义和价值在于:在数千年没有同一语言、没有文字的环境中,统一了黎族的伦理秩序,保证了这个民族的生息延续。     

怀旧的时代氛围与中唐宫词的丕变

尽管宫词自六朝即已有之,但题材和主题一直相当狭隘。这种状况一直到中唐才在怀旧心理的驱动下发生了根本变化,形成抒发怨情和描写宫廷秘事两种主题双峰并峙的局面。其中最为著名的王建《宫词》通过对类似题材之作的积极扬弃,采用写实的手法和大型七绝组诗的形式,着力描绘宫廷生活的全景,对当时乃至后世均产生了深广的影响。     

佛经文献与古代小说“照影称王”母题

照水自见影思称王 ,是与“天书”母题切近的一个小母题。标榜自身神性 ,很可能采取了相关技术手段 ;水崇拜的信仰及照水的巫术思维及其仪式 ,也与其密切相关 ;同时还有谣言的传播机制。“照影称王”母题说明 ,谶纬文化改造了原始巫术思维的映影崇拜 ,将其与先兆迷信结合起来 ;小说中这类反正统的主人公命运总是乐极生悲 ,见出皇权的不可侵犯。母题在通俗小说中流播 ,显示了正统思想对于民间异端的干预 ,也体现了民间秘密宗教及其神秘崇拜在通俗小说中的活跃     

张艺谋电影的叙事模式

文章从叙事主题和叙事线索两方面入手,探讨了张艺谋导演的电影叙事方式.认为,张艺谋在叙事主题的追求上是游移不定的,其所呈现的三个阶段,契合了中国电影的发展;从叙事线索看,张艺谋大多是以一个故事、一条线索贯穿始终,显示出结构的单一.这两方面,可以看出其导演艺术风格之变化轨迹.     

怪诞形象体系论——以拉伯雷《巨人传》为个案

怪诞(grotesque)是一个历史悠久、内涵多变的美学范畴。俄国美学家巴赫金通过解读拉伯雷的《巨人传》,总结了怪诞自古以来所存在的七种母题,并且深入地挖掘了这些怪诞形象体系背后的思想内涵与文化意义。