高校科研经费间接成本补偿机制改革问题探讨

围绕国家科技经费管理改革,阐述科研间接成本补偿机制的重要意义。比较国外大学实行科研间接成本的做法,并对我国科研经费资助中的间接成本补偿改革和特点进行分析。从开展办学资源成本核算、加强科研经费预算管理和会计核算、推进科研经费绩效评价三个方面提出应对措施。针对研究型大学办学资源配置现状,提出一种公用房资源成本核算模型。结果表明,应对措施不仅有效调节了资源,而且对发挥科研间接成本补偿有明显作用。     

论中国金融市场结构的优化

作为一个完善有效的金融市场,不仅要具备各方面要素,而且应该有一个合理的市场结构。文章着眼于金融市场结构,从资本市场迅速发展背景下金融市场结构调整的国际经验出发,分析了我国金融市场结构的发展状况以及其中存在的问题。得出结论是:要大力发展票据市场和企业债券市场,进一步完善金融市场基础法规的建设,建立与产业结构相匹配的金融市场结构。     

间接正犯的实行行为研究

间接正犯理论是一个备受争议且实践价值很大的理论范畴,即使是在刑法学较发达的大陆法系也存在着颇多的分歧。我国刑法理论与大陆法系刑法理论比较接近,因此,立足于间接正犯仅仅是实行行为的一种特殊类型这一认识,可以参考大陆法系刑法学中关于实行行为的学说。间接正犯的实行行为应当采取“被利用者”说,并以被利用者所实施的“定型行为”为依托,来判断达到对法益的紧迫危险这一着手的时点。     

论间接正犯的着手——以间接正犯的行为构造为视角

无论是在德日一般不处罚预备罪的背景下,还是在我国以处罚预备罪为原则的语境下,间接正犯着手的认定都直接决定着罪与非罪的区分、预备罪与未遂罪的界定。间接正犯的实行行为是利用行为的作为和被利用行为的不作为的复合构造,剖析这种行为构造或许能得出合理之结论。     

Relations between Theory of Mind and Indirect and Physical Aggression in Kindergarten: Evidence of the Moderating Role of Prosocial Behaviors

The present study examined the association between theory of mind and indirect versus physical aggression, as well as the potential moderating role of prosocial behavior in this context. Participants were 399 twins and singletons drawn from two longitudinal studies in Canada. At five years of age, children completed a theory of mind task and a receptive vocabulary task. A year later, teachers evaluated children's indirect and physical aggression and prosocial behavior. Indirect aggression was significantly and positively associated with theory of mind skills, but only in children with average or low levels of prosocial behavior. Physical aggression was negatively associated with prosocial behavior but not with theory of mind. Each analysis included gender, receptive vocabulary, and the respective other subtype of aggression as control variables. These results did not differ between girls and boys or between twins and singletons. Theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.     

交通肇事逃逸致人死亡的类型化分析与立法建构

交通肇事罪在1997年修订的现行刑法中将其纳入"危害公共安全罪"一章,然而该罪的"逃逸"和"逃逸致人死亡"语义甚为模糊没有具体化,这是一个立法的漏洞,直接导致了司法实践的处理困难和理论的重大争议。通过着重对交通肇事逃逸致人死亡的行为进行建构性的分类,并且对其分类行为分别予以定性,交通肇事逃逸致人死亡的行为都应当定性为故意,一方面是基于对罪刑相适应原则的考虑,另一方面是基于对社会公平正义理念的追求和更为有利地保护公共安全和被害人的利益。只是在对逃逸行为的具体定性上又区分两种情形,在单纯的逃逸中,应当对行为人定交通肇事罪和间接故意杀人;在移动的逃逸中,应当对行为人定交通肇事罪和直接故意杀人。     

Indirect estimation of randomized generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic models

The class of generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (GARCH) models can be used to describe the volatility with less parameters than autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (ARCH)-type models, their distributions are heavy-tailed, with time-dependent conditional variance, and are able to model clustering of volatility. Despite all these facts, the way that GARCH models are built imposes limits on the heaviness of the tails of their unconditional distribution. The class of randomized generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (R-GARCH) models includes the ARCH and GARCH models allowing the use of stable innovations. Estimation methods and empirical analysis of R-GARCH models are the focus of this work. We present the indirect inference method to estimate the R-GARCH models, some simulations and an empirical application.     

互文视角下的翻译策略

每个文本都是作为一种源自其他文本的马赛克图案而建构,每个文本都对其他文本加以吸收和转换,所有涉及文化各方面内涵的“前知识”都构成互文性参照.翻译本身也是一个互文的过程.跨文化翻译中的互文指涉,根据其在翻译实践中可保留文化内涵的程度,可采取的翻译策略分为两大类:直接翻译表达和间接翻译表达.     

军令状初探

军令状的起源和军队行军作战有着密切的关系,然而至今并未被写入条令条例之中。订立军令状的目的是为了增强命令执行者的责任感,确保军事命令的胜利完成。它具有奖惩性、强制性、主动性、双向性、权威性和义务性的特征,按不同的划分标准可将其划分为军事指挥军令状和军事行政军令状,主动提交的军令状和被动签订的军令状。军令状不属于合同范畴,在实践中军事指挥军令状是为了保证命令得以实现的辅助形式,在军事行政领域应当被认定为具有行政性的管理措施。     

Promoting sense-making in volatile environments: Developing resilience in disaster management

Over the past decade, the research on disaster administration has taken a critical look at the command and control operations in disaster response and recovery. Following the notable bureaucratic failures in response to Hurricane Katrina and the tsunami in Indonesia, researchers have focused on disaster administration system. The various actors within the system should focus on sense-making and resilience to be agile in the face of catastrophic events. This study profiles the contributions made through a focus on developing resilience in disaster management. Through a detailed literature review in multiple areas of the disaster management literature, along with illustrative examples from the challenges that agents have faced in several recent global disasters from 2014 to the present, the importance of resilience is highlighted. Areas for future research are included.