Transformer in navigation: Diverse government roles for open innovation in China's high-speed rail

Based on a longitudinal case study of China's high-speed rail embedded in the emerging economy context, we focus on what role the government plays and how that matters to open innovation (OI) for competitive advantage. By linking the OI literature with the national political institutions literature to motivate our research question, we propose a statist-based OI view to differentiate diverse government roles, investigating how government adopts roles in a combined way to push OI in stages. Our findings suggest that government is an important strategic decision-maker for OI. Specifically, the government plays various roles as commander, protector, cultivator, and intermediator, reflecting state activism derived from national political institutions, to construct institutional-level OI for domestic OI activities, and inbound and outbound OI across national borders. We find government can deliberately and strategically use its diverse roles in a combined way to push OI for competitive advantage through the industrial evolutionary process over time. Our study contributes to the OI literature and integrates the strategic management literature with the study of OI to provide new insights to explain the origins of competitive advantage from the state perspective.     

The effect of alliance experience and intellectual capital on the value creation of international strategic alliances

This paper investigates the effects of intellectual capital (IC), alliance experience and their interaction on the value creation of international strategic alliances (ISAs). Based on a sample of ISAs formed by US firms, we find that firms with a higher level of IC receive greater announcement-period wealth gains. In addition, the empirical results suggest experience positively enhances the wealth effect of ISAs. Finally, we find a significant positive interaction effect between experience and IC on the wealth creation of ISAs. The results demonstrate the importance of considering the joint effects of IC and experience in assessing the value creation of ISAs.     

Illustrating Risk: Anaphylaxis Through the Eyes of the Food‐Allergic Child

The risk perception research is widely focused on children as targets of risk. To date, very few studies have consulted with the impacted group to assess the perceptions of risk associated with the exposures of interest. Much less research has investigated the experiences of children at risk for anaphylaxis, their concerns, and the psychosocial stresses associated with risk. The present study explores the perceptions and experiences of Ontario students with anaphylaxis, and their parents regarding school as a safe place in order to inform school policy around risk management and coping. A “child‐centered” analytical framework incorporating illustrative techniques within interpretative analysis is outlined. Five prominent themes: (a) social and environmental barriers to safety, (b) coping strategies, (c) emotional burden of responsibility, (d) balance of responsibility (transitions), and (e) redefining “normal” are discussed. Results found that “child‐centered” techniques empowered children in a process that is meaningful and relevant to their lives. A preliminary framework for understanding what risk means to children highlighted the differences in how they cope in the public sphere of school.     

论和谐发展的价值观构建

实现和谐发展的价值目标，自觉调整人与自然、人与人、人与社会的关系，必须构建以人为本的价值观、平等发展价值观、整体发展价值观，它们彰显了社会主义和谐社会的终极关怀、伦理原则、理念升华等价值诉求。     

企业履行社会责任的评价指标体系研究

随着经济的发展，企业社会责任理论研究的不断深入，越来越多的企业认识到，经济利益与社会责任并非截然对立，而是相互依存、互为基础、互为前提的。企业社会责任具有模糊的特征，本文运用模糊数学的基本原理，通过建立模糊综合评价模型以及专家评分法设置二级评价指标体系和相应的权重，对企业履行社会责任的有效性进行全面的评价，为促进社会责任与经济利益的结合提供一种思路和方法。     

Association of educational level and child sex ratio in rural and urban India

Utilizing data from the Census of India, this study compared child sex ratio in rural and urban regions of India and analyzed whether the child sex ratio was associated with mother’s education level. The child sex ratios in the rural and urban regions throughout India were analyzed using the two-sample and paired Student’s t-test. Further, the Chi-square test for trend in binomial proportions was used to assess the association between child sex ratios and mother’s education levels in rural and urban areas. Analysis of the data showed that there was a significant difference between the child sex ratios in rural areas versus urban areas. In addition, the Chi-square test for trend showed that there was a significant association of the child sex ratio and the educational levels of their mothers. This trend occurred in both rural and urban areas.     

土地道德的辛勤耕耘者——苇岸散文及思想研究

随着现代工业文明对农业文明的不断驱逐，当代作家对工业文明与农业文明之间的矛盾冲突表现出他们独特的思考。在这样的背景下，苇岸散文所表现出的“土地道德”这一主题应运而生。他通过对“大地的敬畏”、“生态意识的觉醒”、“理想人格的重建”这三大要素的诉求，试图在工业文明的范畴中开掘精神家园。苇岸的散文本质上是对现代文学史上乡土文学的继承，并表现出自己的独创性。     

关于解决个体、私营经济贷款难的思考

苏州个体、私营经济近年来发展迅速,但目前普遍存在融资难问题。造成这一问题的主要原因包括:金融行业的经营机制;个私企业经营不稳定、管理制度不健全和抵押担保难以落实等。解决这一问题的措施包括:对个体、私营业主的贷款资格进行认定以及普遍建立贷款担保机制等。     

Identity development and cultural production in the Chinese diaspora to the United States, 1850–2004: new perspectives

Diaspora studies have grown in importance in the modern world as world travel and relocation have become more feasible; as the numbers of persecuted peoples and those seeking exile or new beginnings in new lands has increased; as globalization has created new classes of diaspora movement based on economic motivations; and as technology and modern communication has linked people worldwide and made virtual diasporas and identities readily possible. In the present time, the concept of the diaspora has become the most relevant and usefully adaptable way to view global cultural interaction and human situational practices. This paper examines change and development in Chinese diaspora populations in the US, which have encountered the entire range of diaspora experience, old and new, from 1850 to the present day. The aim is threefold: (1) comparatively to sketch new ideas in diaspora studies, add to them where possible, and employ them in an analysis of individual and community identity construction in the Chinese diaspora, while comparing and contrasting these experiences with those of the Jewish and black diasporas; (2) to present a four-stage model of diasporic literary production and attendant personal and community identity construction, through which varied examples of Chinese American writing will be examined; and (3) within this model, to give extended attention to Chinese American writer Maxine Hong Kingston's China Men (1980), a pivotal text defining and describing Chinese American diaspora identity and experience in the US. The paper concludes with a look forward, and thoughts about possible new conditions modifying ‘new diasporas’.     

浅论马克思主义大众化的途径

党的十七大报告第一次明确提出了“当代中国马克思主义大众化”的问题，指出了当前马克思主义大众化的重要意义和地位。本文试图从关注民生、改善民生的视角，对推进马克恩主义大众化的途径进行分析和探讨。