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101.
Weijing Wang 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Statistical methodology》2003,65(1):257-273
Summary. Many biomedical studies involve the analysis of multiple events. The dependence between the times to these end points is often of scientific interest. We investigate a situation when one end point is subject to censoring by the other. The model assumptions of Day and co-workers and Fine and co-workers are extended to more general structures where the level of association may vary with time. Two types of estimating function are proposed. Asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators are derived. Their finite sample performance is studied via simulations. The inference procedures are applied to two real data sets for illustration. 相似文献
102.
Reference analysis, introduced by Bernardo (J. Roy. Statist. Soc. 41 (1979) 113) and further developed by Berger and Bernardo (On the development of reference priors (with discussion). In: J.M. Bernardo, J.O. Berger, A.P. Dawid, A.F.M. Smith (Eds.), Bayesian Statistics, Vol. 4, Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 35–60), has proved to be one of the most successful general methods to derive noninformative prior distributions. In practice, however, reference priors are typically difficult to obtain. In this paper we show how to find reference priors for a wide class of exponential family likelihoods. 相似文献
103.
We propose a general procedure for constructing nonparametric priors for Bayesian inference. Under very general assumptions,
the proposed prior selects absolutely continuous distribution functions, hence it can be useful with continuous data. We use
the notion ofFeller-type approximation, with a random scheme based on the natural exponential family, in order to construct a large class of distribution functions.
We show how one can assign a probability to such a class and discuss the main properties of the proposed prior, namedFeller prior. Feller priors are related to mixture models with unknown number of components or, more generally, to mixtures with unknown
weight distribution. Two illustrations relative to the estimation of a density and of a mixing distribution are carried out
with respect to well known data-set in order to evaluate the performance of our procedure. Computations are performed using
a modified version of an MCMC algorithm which is briefly described. 相似文献
104.
Patrick J. Wolfe Simon J. Godsill Wee-Jing Ng 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, Statistical methodology》2004,66(3):575-589
Summary. We describe novel Bayesian models for time–frequency inverse modelling of non-stationary signals. These models are based on the idea of a Gabor regression , in which a time series is represented as a superposition of translated, modulated versions of a window function exhibiting good time–frequency concentration. As a necessary consequence, the resultant set of potential predictors is in general overcomplete—constituting a frame rather than a basis—and hence the resultant models require careful regularization through appropriate choices of variable selection schemes and prior distributions. We introduce prior specifications that are tailored to representative time series, and we develop effective Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for inference. To highlight the potential applications of such methods, we provide examples using two of the most distinctive time–frequency surfaces—speech and music signals—as well as standard test functions from the wavelet regression literature. 相似文献
105.
The Gibbs sampler has been proposed as a general method for Bayesian calculation in Gelfand and Smith (1990). However, the predominance of experience to date resides in applications assuming conjugacy where implementation is reasonably straightforward. This paper describes a tailored approximate rejection method approach for implementation of the Gibbs sampler when nonconjugate structure is present. Several challenging applications are presented for illustration. 相似文献
106.
深圳在国际化发展水平上与香港相比存在较大差距,如果将国际化分为初、中、高三级,则香港目前处于高级阶段,深圳无疑处于初级阶段.深圳今后在国际化发展方面应该从四个引擎入手,即依靠产业的国际化转移推动国际化;加快资本市场的开放;促进国际物流的发展以及实现人才资源的国际化. 相似文献
107.
S. K. Sahu T. M. F. Smith 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A, (Statistics in Society)》2006,169(2):235-253
Summary. The problem motivating the paper is the determination of sample size in clinical trials under normal likelihoods and at the substantive testing stage of a financial audit where normality is not an appropriate assumption. A combination of analytical and simulation-based techniques within the Bayesian framework is proposed. The framework accommodates two different prior distributions: one is the general purpose fitting prior distribution that is used in Bayesian analysis and the other is the expert subjective prior distribution, the sampling prior which is believed to generate the parameter values which in turn generate the data. We obtain many theoretical results and one key result is that typical non-informative prior distributions lead to very small sample sizes. In contrast, a very informative prior distribution may either lead to a very small or a very large sample size depending on the location of the centre of the prior distribution and the hypothesized value of the parameter. The methods that are developed are quite general and can be applied to other sample size determination problems. Some numerical illustrations which bring out many other aspects of the optimum sample size are given. 相似文献
108.
Applied state space modelling of non-Gaussian time series using integration-based Kalman filtering 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sylvia Frühwirth-Schnatter 《Statistics and Computing》1994,4(4):259-269
The main topic of the paper is on-line filtering for non-Gaussian dynamic (state space) models by approximate computation of the first two posterior moments using efficient numerical integration. Based on approximating the prior of the state vector by a normal density, we prove that the posterior moments of the state vector are related to the posterior moments of the linear predictor in a simple way. For the linear predictor Gauss-Hermite integration is carried out with automatic reparametrization based on an approximate posterior mode filter. We illustrate how further topics in applied state space modelling, such as estimating hyperparameters, computing model likelihoods and predictive residuals, are managed by integration-based Kalman-filtering. The methodology derived in the paper is applied to on-line monitoring of ecological time series and filtering for small count data. 相似文献
109.
Algebraic exact inference for rater agreement models 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fabio Rapallo 《Statistical Methods and Applications》2005,14(1):45-66
In recent years, a method for sampling from conditional distributions for categorical data has been presented by Diaconis
and Sturmfels. Their algorithm is based on the algebraic theory of toric ideals which are used to create so called “Markov
Bases”. The Diaconis-Sturmfels algorithm leads to a non-asymptotic Monte Carlo Markov Chain algorithm for exact inference
on some classes of models, such as log-linear models. In this paper we apply the Diaconis-Sturmfels algorithm to a set of
models arising from the rater agreement problem with special attention to the multi-rater case. The relevant Markov bases
are explicitly computed and some results for simplify the computation are presented. An extended example on a real data set
shows the wide applicability of this methodology.
Partially supported by MIUR Cofin03 (G. Consonni) and by INdAM projectAlgebraic Statistics. 相似文献
110.
采用阅读时间法,以工作记忆容量为被试间变量、故事和主题启动条件为被试内变量考察了英语专业本科生叙事主题推理的实时加工过程.结果表明:工作记忆容量存在显著主效用,高工作记忆被试能够产出即时主题推理,而低工作记忆被试则相对缺乏这种能力;启动条件存在显著主效用,但启动条件与工作记忆容量间没有明显的交互作用. 相似文献