治理我国新一轮通货膨胀的财税政策

我国新一轮的通货膨胀不是商品供不应求的简单经济矛盾引起的,而是开放经济条件下的国内经济结构失衡和对外经济失衡导致的输入型通货膨胀.实施紧缩性货币政策虽然能暂时起到抑制投资过热、控制流动性过剩和通货膨胀的作用,并不能解决我国结构性失衡的深层经济矛盾.治理我国新一轮通货膨胀,不仅需要采取"从紧"控制总量的货币政策,更需要从解决我国经济结构性失衡的深层矛盾入手,采取"从优"调整结构的财税政策.     

对冲通胀风险的战略视角与微观选择

针对通货膨胀风险,以盯住通胀率为目标,基于随机混合整数规划模型(SMIP)构建了具有通胀保护功能的大宗商品期货投资组合,实现对通货膨胀率的动态跟踪.结果表明,基于盯住通胀率所构建的动态调整的商品期货投资组合能够以较低成本跑赢CPI指数,从而保证获得高于市场通胀率的较稳定的超额投资收益.对通胀保护能力的检验结果表明,商品期货投资组合具有良好的通胀保护功能,能够有效对冲通胀风险,有助于建立长期价格稳定机制.研究结果为企业和机构投资者在既定通胀水平下对冲通胀风险提供了一个具有战略意义的微观选择.     

Graphical methods for ranking data

Graphical methods are presented for the analysis of ranking data collected from g groups of rankers. The data provided by a single individual consist of the ranks of r objects. The sample space is the space of all permutations and has cardinality r! In order to reduce the dimensionality of the data and to study the interrelationships among rankers and items, a two-stage approach is proposed. First, transformations motivated by various metrics on permutations are defined. In particular, the Kendall metric gives rise to pairwise comparisons. Then, the transformed data are analyzed using results in connection with the generalized singular-value decomposition of a matrix. The methods are illustrated on two examples.     

论通货膨胀对投资决策的影响

企业进行投资决策时，通常只考虑货币的时间价值，而不考虑通货膨胀，本文从理论和决策方法上探讨了通货膨胀对投资决策的影响。     

COMPONENTS OF VARIANCE MODELS WITH TRANSFORMATIONS

Power transformations are a popular way to improve the agreement between the observations and the assumptions in a statistical model. In this paper it is assumed that the data, after appropriate power transformation Λ, satisfies a variance components model, with independent Gaussian components. The focus is on inference for quantities which have an interpretation regardless of the choice of Λ (Carroll & Ruppert, 1981) – in particular the intraclass correlation coefficient ρ, the predicted probability of a new observation being less than a specified value and the predicted quantile. It is shown that, in the case Λ= 0, the asymptotic variance of ρ is the same, whether or not one treats Δ as estimated or as known. This supports an empirical conjecture of Solomon (1985). For predicted probabilities and predicted quantiles the variance when A is estimated is shown to be only slightly greater than the variance assuming Δ is known, except in the tails of the distribution where there can be substantial difference between the two variances.     

关于盈亏平衡分析两个模型的研究

在投资项目评估中，盈亏平衡分析是一种常用的方法，一般来说，它不考虑通货膨胀因素．但是由于通货膨胀的存在，盈亏平衡点会发生变化，这样投资项目评估的可靠性也将受到影响．文章在假定通货膨胀存在的条件下，通过对两种模型（模型Ⅰ和Ⅱ）的分析，发现模型Ⅱ的盈亏平衡产量小于模型Ⅰ的盈亏平衡产量，但二者都大于通常意义下的盈亏平衡产量．文中还阐述了通货膨胀条件下，盈亏平衡点不变的条件．     

Codependent Cycles of Chinese Inflation

A test and decomposition of the codependent cycles of the consumer price index (CPI), agricultural producer price index (APPI) and M2 reveals that the sharp cyclical fluctuations in agricultural producer prices largely stem from the grain price fluctuations induced by factors such as land enclosure and the impact on APP of the abrupt changes in pork prices and other factors. Therefore, changing the current policy of grain purchasing price subsidies to one of subsidies to grain production and sales will reduce the impact of grain prices and other factors on APP and inflation. The weak cyclic codependence among APP, CPI and M2, along with the strong cyclic codependence between M2 and CPI, has given rise to a “shuttle-shaped” intersection of cyclic elements. This indicates that China’s monetary policy goal has been alternating between curbing inflation and stimulating growth. When the APP cycle is basically stable, China can implement a moderately easing monetary policy to stimulate economic growth, but this must be based on a 1.5 or so margin of increase in the codependent cycle components of M2. When APP rises sharply or is in the rising phase of cycle elements, China should emphasize APP control, and should delay the moderately easing monetary policy till the APP cycle becomes stable or is in the downlink phase.     

The statistical impact of inflation on interest rates

Understanding the behavior of interest rates is of central importance in finance. This is due to the fact that interest and forward rates serve as underlyings for many fixed income products. Furthermore, interest rate-based quantities may be used as numeraires when it comes to computing present values of future payoffs. An important macroeconomic factor which is likely to trigger interest rates is inflation. In this paper we extend a well-known continuous time interest rate model by incorporating inflation. Finally, we apply a statistical test to real data to explore the goodness-of-fit of the inflation-based model.     

How to stop salami science: promotion of healthy trends in publishing behavior

The career of scientists often depends on the number of their published works. This fact leads to the overproduction of low-quality papers burying the important articles and making the knowledge less accessible. One of the methods to counteract these negative aspects might lie in the promotion of healthy trends in publishing behavior. In the present work, the theoretical analysis of a new bibliometric measure is presented, and its potential impact on the publishing strategies is carefully discussed.     

A Note on Collinearity Diagnostics and Centering

The usual approach for diagnosing collinearity proceeds by centering and standardizing the regressors. The sample correlation matrix of the predictors is then the basic tool for describing approximate linear combinations that may distort the conclusions of a standard least-square analysis. However, as indicated by several authors, centering may eventually fail to detect the sources of ill-conditioning. In spite of this earlier claim, there does not seem to be in the literature a fully clear explanation of the reasons for this bad potential behavior of the traditional strategy for analyzing collinearity. This note studies this issue in some detail. Results derived are motivated by the analysis of a well-known real dataset. Practical conclusions are illustrated with several examples.