信息资源会计:企业信息化效益计量和评价的新思路

全面系统地对信息资源投入和收益的计量和评价一直是推动企业信息化工作的难点 ,解决该问题的一个新思路是 :信息资源会计。信息资源是广义的概念 ,即包括信息内容和信息技术、设施、人员等全部支持要素在内。企业信息化必然要投入信息资源 ,结果会引起组织资源配置的变化和重新组合 ,以货币价值形式计量、分析、评价这一过程就是信息资源会计的主要职能。     

非对称信息市场理论对规范中国劳动力市场秩序的启示

信息不对称是导致中国劳动力市场秩序混乱的主要原因之一。斯宾塞的劳动力市场模型解决了信息非对称条件下的均衡实现问题,同时也揭示了信息不对称下均衡效率低下、劳动力市场混乱的事实。运用这一模型对我国劳动力市场存在的问题作了进一步解释,并提出了规范我国劳动力市场的对策。     

中小金融机构与中小企业融资问题

本文针对中小企业融资问题,在硬信息和软信息的分析框架下,探讨了所谓的小银行优势,并提出了发展中小金融机构的政策建议。     

MODEL-ASSISTED HIGHER-ORDER CALIBRATION OF ESTIMATORS OF VARIANCE

In survey sampling, interest often centres on inference for the population total using information about an auxiliary variable. The variance of the estimator used plays a key role in such inference. This study develops a new set of higher‐order constraints for the calibration of estimators of variance for various estimators of the population total. The proposed strategy requires an appropriate model for describing the relationship between the response and auxiliary variable, and the variance of the auxiliary variable. It is therefore referred to as a model‐assisted approach. Several new estimators of variance, including the higher‐order calibration estimators of the variance of the ratio and regression estimators suggested by Singh, Horn & Yu and Sitter & Wu are special cases of the proposed technique. The paper presents and discusses the results of an empirical study to compare the performance of the proposed estimators and existing counterparts.     

Fragments of Modernization: Domestic Spaces Indicating Traditional Dialects in a Modern Speech

This article examines the change in Turkish domestic space through modernization and, in particular, the artifact of lace, as a nonchanging object in Turkish home in its relationship with the “traditional” and the “modern” domestic settings. Thereby it investigates how traditional and modern settings are defined in Turkish society and, this leads to a further analysis of the modernization process in Turkey within the scope of Turkish house and its domestic settings. The aim of the article is to analyze lace as an agent, which is an actant of the change in domestic settings, to read the connection between the daily life of people and social lives of artifacts. Therefore, examining the dialogue of lace with traditional and modern domestic settings provides to deconstruct the network of the artifact, the house and the individual during the modernization process that Turkish society has been through. The theoretical perspective of the article relies on a material‐semiotic approach with an emphasis on Latour's Actor‐Network Theory and, the methodology of the article is based on ethnography: It includes observations and semi‐structured interviews conducted with people from different social environments focusing on the meaning and the use of lace in domestic environment.     

A Probabilistic Model of the Economic Risk to Britain's Railway Network from Bridge Scour During Floods

Scour (localized erosion by water) is an important risk to bridges, and hence many infrastructure networks, around the world. In Britain, scour has caused the failure of railway bridges crossing rivers in more than 50 flood events. These events have been investigated in detail, providing a data set with which we develop and test a model to quantify scour risk. The risk analysis is formulated in terms of a generic, transferrable infrastructure network risk model. For some bridge failures, the severity of the causative flood was recorded or can be reconstructed. These data are combined with the background failure rate, and records of bridges that have not failed, to construct fragility curves that quantify the failure probability conditional on the severity of a flood event. The fragility curves generated are to some extent sensitive to the way in which these data are incorporated into the statistical analysis. The new fragility analysis is tested using flood events simulated from a spatial joint probability model for extreme river flows for all river gauging sites in Britain. The combined models appear robust in comparison with historical observations of the expected number of bridge failures in a flood event. The analysis is used to estimate the probability of single or multiple bridge failures in Britain's rail network. Combined with a model for passenger journey disruption in the event of bridge failure, we calculate a system‐wide estimate for the risk of scour failures in terms of passenger journey disruptions and associated economic costs.     

关联供应链网络级联失效机理及鲁棒性研究

为了分析复杂关联供应链网络在遭遇干扰事件时的鲁棒性,研究关联网络层内和层间级联失效机理.通过随机规则生成供应链无向信息层网络和有向物理层网络,描述并分析由α、β、σ等参数表征的节点负荷、容量等网络结构特性.针对存在边流量约束的情况,提出相应的失效负荷分流策略;通过构建极大簇函数,判断关联供应链网络中经分流策略后仍具运作功能的有效节点,并依据供应链信息层网络和物理层网络间一对一匹配的关联关系,构建时变失效迭代状态方程,从而有效描述关联网络间的动态失效传递.最后,在不同参数控制下,对初始单个节点故障和多个节点故障两种情况下的关联供应链网络综合鲁棒性进行数值仿真分析.按节点度从大到小、从小到大、随机3种方式去除多个节点,结果表明在β=0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 4种参数下,按度从小到大方式去除多节点,其引发的关联网络级联失效规模较之其它两种方式大;同时发现关联供应链网络在多节点去除情况下,其级联失效较之单层网络具有明显的一级相变特性,即少量的节点移除就会导致整个关联供应链网络崩溃.     

An operative extension of the likelihood ratio test from fuzzy data

In the present paper we are going to extend the likelihood ratio test to the case in which the available experimental information involves fuzzy imprecision (more precisely, the observable events associated with the random experiment concerning the test may be characterized as fuzzy subsets of the sample space, as intended by Zadeh, 1965). In addition, we will approximate the immediate intractable extension, which is based on Zadeh’s probabilistic definition, by using the minimum inaccuracy principle of estimation from fuzzy data, that has been introduced in previous papers as an operative extension of the maximum likelihood method.     

公共图书馆政府信息获取调查分析

文章以湖南省公共图书馆对读者的政府信息服务为研究对象,通过问卷调查的方式,了解读者在公共图书馆获取政府信息的现状,从而分析出图书馆在政务信息公开中的作用,进一步探索公共图书馆提高读者服务效率的新方法。     

网络经济中反垄断法的定位:“放任”与“干预”的博弈

网络经济是21世纪创新性的经济形式,对国民经济影响巨大,被誉为国家经济的推进剂和国与国竞争的主战场。尽管存在“自然垄断说”的反垄断法豁免、网络经济中的垄断本身可能有利于消费者利益以及“竞争性垄断”是网络经济的固有特征等网络经济放任说的主张和理论,但网络经济竞争秩序的维护诉求通过反垄断法得以因应是网络经济发展的必然要求。网络经济存在的固有弊端、网络经营者对消费者自由选择权的实质限制以及网络安全对市场多样化的期待是反垄断法“干预”网络经济的重要考虑。