党管干部原则运行机制的历史考察

党管干部原则是中国共产党的传统 ,也是党的领导重要内容之一。其运行机制是依据党在不同历史时期所处地位、面临的任务而不断调节的。在民主革命时期、社会主义革命和建设时期、改革开放时期 ,虽然党的干部路线、政策和标准未变 ,但不同时期赋予的内涵是不同的。在干部管理体制和选拔任用方式上 ,随着形势的发展而不断改革 ,在改革过程中既有经验也有教训 ,表明了党管干部原则运行机制与时俱进的诸多特点     

外国宪政与司法审查制度及其启示

推行宪政的关键在于首先制定一部合乎正义的宪法,然后要切实保障宪法作为根本规范的最高效力,对国家各种活动的合宪性进行审查和监督。正是基于这个目的,司法审查制度成为落实宪政精神、推动社会变革与法治发展的主要驱动和矫正装置。任何制度都存在不足,为了克服司法审查的缺陷,有必要使用合理的宪法解释理论,建立起司法审查制与宪政互动的框架体制。     

Application of a Risk Analysis Tool to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Outbreak in Saudi Arabia

The Grunow–Finke assessment tool (GFT) is an accepted scoring system for determining likelihood of an outbreak being unnatural in origin. Considering its high specificity but low sensitivity, a modified Grunow–Finke tool (mGFT) has been developed with improved sensitivity. The mGFT has been validated against some past disease outbreaks, but it has not been applied to ongoing outbreaks. This study is aimed to score the outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Saudi Arabia using both the original GFT and mGFT. The publicly available data on human cases of MERS-CoV infections reported in Saudi Arabia (2012–2018) were sourced from the FluTrackers, World Health Organization, Saudi Ministry of Health, and published literature associated with MERS outbreaks investigations. The risk assessment of MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia was analyzed using the original GFT and mGFT criteria, algorithms, and thresholds. The scoring points for each criterion were determined by three researchers to minimize the subjectivity. The results showed 40 points of total possible 54 points using the original GFT (likelihood: 74%), and 40 points of a total possible 60 points (likelihood: 67%) using the mGFT, both tools indicating a high likelihood that human MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia is unnatural in origin. The findings simply flag unusual patterns in this outbreak, but do not prove unnatural etiology. Proof of bioattacks can only be obtained by law enforcement and intelligence agencies. This study demonstrated the value and flexibility of the mGFT in assessing and predicting the risk for an ongoing outbreak with simple criteria.     

Research on the Lawyer Intervention in the Crime Investigation Procedure

In the context of the supervision system reform, the lawyer's involvement in the investigation process is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the involvement of lawyers in the supervision investigation may lead to the obstruction of the investigation and investigation work, the evidence of the case is destroyed, and the corrupt elements escape the hidden dangers of the French law. On the other hand, the involvement of lawyers in monitoring investigations is not only compatible with the constitutional spirit and legislative spirit, but also has many benefits for the realization of human rights protection, the rights relief of respondents and the regulation of monitoring investigations. From the perspective of value analysis, lawyers should be allowed to intervene in the investigation process. However, based on the overall structure of the supervision system reform and the judicial context, reasonable limits should be imposed on the system design of lawyers involved in the investigation process.     

噪声申购者、市盈率管制与投资者收益

基于信息不对称的IPO抑价理论认为一级市场因定价偏低而给投资者带来了正向超额收益,但近年来基于噪声交易者参与的行为金融研究对此提出了异议.从套利的角度将新股中购者分为套利投资者和噪声申购者,采用供需分析方法,以新股上市首日的基础价值为基准,重点探讨中国现金配售制度下投资者在一级市场定价和申购过程中的收益问题,并分析市盈率管制对收益的影响.研究表明,现金配售制度下,新股投资者收益与中签率有关,在新股申购过程中,套利投资者可以通过申购数量的调整进行套利活动,但此套利受噪声申购者影响而存在约束.当噪声申购量小于发行量时,数量套利有效,新股抑价发行,但投资者只能获得合理收益,此时市盈率管制对投资者收益没有影响;当噪声中购量大于发行量时,数量套利受限,新股存在定价偏高的可能,且当定价高于某一特定值(小于基础价值)时,投资者即获得负向异常收益,此时适当的市盈率管制可以起到保护投资者的作用.     

论“一元侦查机制”下职务犯罪案件的侦查管辖

立案侦查是国家对职务犯罪行为启动追诉程序的标志,而侦查管辖权的归属则是职务犯罪案件侦查首先需要解决的问题.当前,我国职务犯罪案件侦查管辖陷入困境,在很大程度上影响了检察机关打击职务犯罪的力度.“一元侦查机制”在借鉴两大法系代表性国家对职务犯罪案件侦查管辖制度设计经验的基础上,对我国职务犯罪案件侦查管辖的困境予以彻底破解.该机制明确了职务犯罪案件及其牵连案件的管辖权归属,将地区管辖的标准回归到刑事诉讼法的犯罪地原则,将原本模糊的级别管辖标准清晰化,将指定管辖规范化并赋予犯罪嫌疑人以相应的司法救济权.     

基于现代农业发展的湖南农业推广人才需求调查与研究——以湖南省常德市为例

湖南省加快实施农业现代化发展战略,需要大批农业技术研发及推广应用人才支撑.现有农业推广队伍中存在的人员过剩、学历职称结构偏低、专业知识陈旧、年龄老化等问题已远不能满足需求数量急剧增加、需求结构日益多元、需求质量显著提高、人才需求效益稳步提升的新形势发展要求.进一步完善农业推广专业人才培养和培训体系、加大政府建设投入、科学合理地引导和使用人才已成为现代农业发展背景下湖南省加强农业推广队伍建设的基本举措.     

大学生入党动机问题分析及对策建议

高校大学生党员是我们党的接班人,其素质高低直接影响到党的事业的兴衰成败。伴随社会的大发展、大变革,人们的思想呈现"百花齐放,百家争鸣"的景象。受其影响,高校大学生在入党过程中也面临新的机遇和挑战。为深入了解大学生的入党动机,笔者采取问卷调查方式,对湘潭3所高校的2 178名大学生进行了问卷调查,对大学生入党动机进行了对比分析,在此基础上提出了若干对策建议。     

论我国侦查权监督控制机制的完善

侦查权监督控制机制对防止侦查权滥用具有重要作用。当前我国侦查权监督控制机制主要存在主体权威性缺失、监控范围狭窄、监控方式缺乏操作性和监控时间滞后性等缺陷。应通过强化检察机关侦查监督权与自循环监督、扩大犯罪嫌疑人在侦查阶段的权利、公安机关主动避免侦查权力滥用三方面来着手完善我国的侦查权监督控制机制。     

基于英语专业人才适应度调查课程设置改革

本次调查旨在了解河北联合大学的英语专业课程设置在学生综合素质培养、择业需求方面以及对当前学习或工作的作用。结果显示：课程设置在综合素质培养上的作用大于择业需求;对于专业相关的学习或工作上的作用大于与专业不相关的学习或工作。进一步探讨了调查结果对实现培养目标、改革课程设置和培养学生思辨能力等方面的启示。