社会报酬与中国城市社区积极分子——上海市S社区楼组长群体的个案研究

本文试图回答这样一个问题：中国城市社区选举中为什么会出现积极分子？这个群体有什么结构性的特征?他们在社区中的行动逻辑是什么？通过参与观察、半结构访谈和文本分析等多种研究方法,本文的基本结论是：以楼组长群体为核心的社区积极分子主要追求的是社会报酬,社会报酬的获得程度决定其参与社区活动的积极性。追求社会报酬的积极分子网络已经成为当代中国城市社区治理的一种重要机制。     

推进党内民主思想机制研究

推进党内民主是一项系统工程,但思想问题是根本性问题,思想问题不解决,党内民主不会有实质性的推进,设计得再好的制度也很难得到遵守和执行,不会使党内民主得到切实的保障和有效推进。文章探讨和研究了推进党内民主的思想机制问题,提出了破除党内非党思想、坚持党员主体地位思想、增进党内和谐思想、确立党内法治思想分别是推进党内民主的思想前提、思想基石、思想核心和思想关键。     

Diverging patterns of interaction around news on social media: insularity and partisanship during the 2018 Italian election campaign

ABSTRACT

The paper considers how social media ecologies are affecting partisan engagement around political news and online attention economies by investigating the case of the 2018 Italian general election. By analyzing Twitter and Facebook interactions around political news in the lead-up to the election, we shed light on levels of insularity characterizing sources preferred by different partisan communities and investigate how specific patterns of active attention emerge around different sources and around stories proposing different framing of specific political actors. Our findings indicate that, on Twitter, sources mainly shared by supporters of populist parties (the Five Star Movement and the League) are characterized by higher levels of insularity compared to those shared by supporters of other parties. We also find that, on Facebook, news items published by highly insular sources receive a higher number of shares per comment. Finally, our analyses show that news presenting a positive framing of the Five Star Movement – the unique ‘cyber party’ in the system – receives a higher number of shares per comment compared to items presenting the Movement in a negative light, while the opposite is true for stories on all other political parties.     

From first daughter to first lady to first woman president: Park Geun-Hye’s path to the South Korean presidency

This paper examines the role of gender and familial ties in Park Geun-Hye’s political trajectory to become the first female president of South Korea. Even though her entry into politics was heavily indebted to her kinship ties to her father Park Jung-Hee, an authoritarian leader who led South Korea from 1963 to 1979, she has consolidated her position within the party and among Korean voters as a viable, competent politician over the last fifteen years. Analyzing Korean news reports, campaign pamphlets, and her autobiography, this study reveals that Park used stereotypes of women as problem solvers in difficult times to open doors for her political entry. During the presidential campaign in 2012, Park was adept at stressing her positive “feminine” traits, overcoming the perceived weaknesses of female politicians by emphasizing her long political credentials and strengths in diplomacy and national security issues. Park presented herself as the embodiment of both change and experience through her campaign slogan “the well-prepared female president” and the public reacted favorably to the appeal.     

村民自治罢免权行使的路径选择——从选举罢免到自主罢免

选举罢免作为村民自治内容不可或缺的一个组成部分,自身机制存在的局限性致使罢免的价值无法凸显。自主罢免权,强调自主,主张村民有不受他人限制自主提出、完成罢免议案的权利。但受压力体制下乡镇政府的管制和乡村存在复杂的利益因素影响,自主罢免权的行使仍然会受到各种阻力。因而,要通过厘清罢免动议和罢免主体要件、明确罢免的具体程序、建立监督保障机制等方面完善自主罢免权。     

中英高校学分制系统的差异及其启示

英国高校学分制与中国高校学分制相比,二者在学分理念、管理系统、课程体系、导师制度等方面存在着巨大差异。借鉴英国的高校学分制,树立新的教育理念和学分观念,加强学分系统管理,构建模块化课程体系,完善学分制配套实施措施,可达到人才培养多样化与个性化相统一的目标,为我国高校办学注入新的活力。     

党内监督制度的历史考察及其建设路径

党内监督制度是党员、党的干部和党的组织在党内生活中相互监督的制度,是党内民主制度体系的重要组成部分。建党90年来,党内监督制度经历了一个创立、发展、曲折、恢复与发展的过程。在制度建设视角下,健全与完善党内监督制度的路径包括：健全党代会的监督制度,发挥党代会对党委会的监督职能;健全党委会的监督制度,发挥全委会对常委会的监...     

从“五都”选举结果看国民党改革的成败得失

2010年底台湾举行＂五都＂选举,从选举结果看国民党改革,可谓成败皆俱。国民党能稳住三席,得益于其改革策略调整、党政关系重塑、发展经济、改善民生和纾解民怨的努力,尤其是开放的两岸政策。然而,国民党党务改革及其施政绩效,与外界期待存在鲜明落差,其对地方派系改革手法和精简、调整人事等的粗糙做法,效应负面,削弱了基层动员能力,是国民党选票快速流失的重要因素,也使得＂五都＂选举呈现＂席次稳定选票流失＂的吊诡现象。     

从元杂剧中士子的情场失意看元代士子地位的败落

在我国古代,有“士为四民之首”之说,士子向来受人尊崇,但在元代,士子的地位不再那么神圣。科举制度的废除使他们没有了进入仕途的阶梯;卖官鬻爵,使得穷士子难以挤身仕途;世袭之风严重,使官职成为蒙古、色目人的传家宝。统治者对士子的轻视等原因,使得士子的社会地位在元代非常低下,从而使士子落魄和贫困,在三角恋爱的场面上当然不能和商人作有力的竞争,从而败下阵来。     

经济发展与竞争性的村委会选举

有关经济发展与民主化之间的关系,长期以来一直是学术界争论的一个热点问题。不过,由于大多数研究者将注意力都集中在解释国家层面的民主化问题,因而对一个国家内部在民主化改革中呈现出的差异性问题则鲜有论述。本文通过详细的数据分析表明,在实施村级选举的过程中,经济发展水平较高的地方,由于村委会有较高的集体收入,村民参与的程度较高,选举竞争也较为激烈。因此,在经济发达的地方,村委会选举的制度也得到了较好的实施。一、理论分析和假设李普塞特(Seymour Lipset)很早就对经济发展与民主化的关系这个问题作过研究,他认为经济发展能促…