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51.
Standard decision theoretic models disregard the phenomenon of interpersonal dependency of preferences. In this paper it is argued that interpersonal dependency of preferences is a serious challenge for standard utility theory. First we sketch the more philosophical aspects of the problem and then, using a simple, formal model for the two-person case, we show that interpersonal dependency of preferences generally results in indeterminacy of preferences (resp. of subjective utility). 相似文献
52.
53.
人力资源在经济发展中的地位日益突出,已经成为推动和支撑经济高质量发展的第一资源。创新型人力资源作为一种特殊性的经济资源,是推动经济发展的最活跃的能动生产要素,贯穿于现代化经济体系构建的全过程。以农业发展对人力资源需求变化为切入点,通过对西部地区农业人力资源效能与农业经济发展相关性的分析,发现其农业发展现有创新型人力资源数量、结构和质量均不足以支撑当下区域农业经济快速发展的需求,据此提出完善顶层设计,确保人尽其用;把握经济发展需求,按需引进人力资源;改善西部地区发展环境,做好人力资源统筹规划等对策建议。 相似文献
54.
Persuasive argumentation in negotiation 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Katia P. Sycara 《Theory and Decision》1990,28(3):203-242
55.
Measuring credibility of compensatory preference statements when trade-offs are interval determined 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper studies how an overall fuzzy preference relation can be constructed in the compensatory context of the simple additive difference model, when imprecision on the trade-offs has to be taken into account. Three credibility indices of preferences are analysed and illustrated by a numerical example. Arguments are presented supporting the use of the third index, for which an interesting transitivity property (which was an open problem) is proved. 相似文献
56.
57.
Louis Marinoff 《Theory and Decision》1993,35(1):55-73
In quantum domains, the measurement (or observation) of one of a pair of complementary variables introduces an unavoidable uncertainty in the value of that variable's complement. Such uncertainties are negligible in Newtonian worlds, where observations can be made without appreciably disturbing the observed system. Hence, one would not expect that an observation of a non-quantum probabilistic outcome could affect a probability distribution over subsequently possible states, in a way that would conflict with classical probability calculations. This paper examines three problems in which observations appear to affect the probabilities and expected utilities of subsequent outcomes, in ways which may appear paradoxical. Deeper analysis of these problems reveals that the anomalies arise, not from paradox, but rather from faulty inferences drawn from the observations themselves. Thus the notion of quantum decision theory is disparaged. 相似文献
58.
Maria Brouwer 《Journal of Management and Governance》2005,9(3-4):237-255
Organizational innovation is essential to economic development. But, the way successful societies have organized new ventures
has been remarkably similar in both past and present. The commenda organizations of medieval Italy shared many characteristics
with modern startups that are financed by venture capital. Profit share contracts; limited liability and periodic reevaluations
are cases in point. Agency contracts in both types of ventures are designed to absorb the high uncertainty inherent to these
enterprises through risk sharing. Uncertainty prohibits a unique ex ante ranking order of investment projects and prompts
investors to look for hidden human capital. Equity finance is better equipped to even out unexpected losses and gains that
are inherent to uncertainty than debt finance. 相似文献
59.
Optimization Model and Algorithm for Crew Management During Airline Irregular Operations 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Airline irregular operations have long been a realm where human experience and judgement are the most important tools to utilize. Crew management during irregular operations is usually the bottleneck of the whole system-recovering process due to complicated crew schedules and restrictive crew legalities as well as the size and scope of the hub-and-spoke networks adopted by major carriers. A system-wide multi-commodity integer network flow model and a heuristic search algorithm for the above purpose are presented and discussed in this paper. The computational experiences show that the algorithm is efficient enough to solve problems of realistic size and also has the flexibility to accommodate practical business requirements. 相似文献
60.
The objective of this study was to determine the impact of task information (TI) provided by an interface agent during the idea evaluation and integration step of the problem formulation stage of the problem solving process. The effectiveness assessment was based on solving diagnostic decision problems in the domain of complex industrial machinery. Ten domain experts participated in this study. Decision support was provided by a case-based reasoning system. Findings suggest that TI provided by the interface agent had no effect on the decision maker's performance, nor on the associated cognitive effort. However, a verbal protocol analysis revealed that the ten subjects used the interface agent to verify their decision processes. The results and their implications are discussed with respect to current findings in the area of decision support systems. 相似文献