延安时期的中国古代史研究

延安时期的中国古代史研究在是在相对稳定的政治环境和较为自由的学术氛围下进行的。当时学者坚持以唯物史观为指导,采用了丰富多样的历史研究手段,在立足史料,实事求是的基础上,对中国古代史上一些重大历史问题,从理论高度进行了系统的分析。其研究成果曾产生了重要的影响。但由于过分强调史学研究为现实服务,因而其科学性便受到损害,甚至在个别问题上出现了非历史主义的倾向。     

A Unified Approach to the Characterization of Equivalence Classes of DAGs, Chain Graphs with no Flags and Chain Graphs

Abstract.  A Markov property associates a set of conditional independencies to a graph. Two alternative Markov properties are available for chain graphs (CGs), the Lauritzen–Wermuth–Frydenberg (LWF) and the Andersson–Madigan– Perlman (AMP) Markov properties, which are different in general but coincide for the subclass of CGs with no flags . Markov equivalence induces a partition of the class of CGs into equivalence classes and every equivalence class contains a, possibly empty, subclass of CGs with no flags itself containing a, possibly empty, subclass of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). LWF-Markov equivalence classes of CGs can be naturally characterized by means of the so-called largest CGs , whereas a graphical characterization of equivalence classes of DAGs is provided by the essential graphs . In this paper, we show the existence of largest CGs with no flags that provide a natural characterization of equivalence classes of CGs of this kind, with respect to both the LWF- and the AMP-Markov properties. We propose a procedure for the construction of the largest CGs, the largest CGs with no flags and the essential graphs, thereby providing a unified approach to the problem. As by-products we obtain a characterization of graphs that are largest CGs with no flags and an alternative characterization of graphs which are largest CGs. Furthermore, a known characterization of the essential graphs is shown to be a special case of our more general framework. The three graphical characterizations have a common structure: they use two versions of a locally verifiable graphical rule. Moreover, in case of DAGs, an immediate comparison of three characterizing graphs is possible.     

海峡两岸的口述史研究与交流

1948年美国哥伦比亚大学口述历史研究室的建立,标志着现代口述史学的诞生。经过50多年的发展,口述史学已经成为历史学举足轻重的分支学科,其研究方法被广泛运用,尤其在当代中国风云人物与重大事件的研究中,显示出独特的韵味与魅力,获得巨大的成功。海峡两岸的口述史研究起步较早,互访交流始于改革开放后的80年代,近年来有着更为密切的接触,两岸口述史刊物与口述史成果的交流也获得长足发展,标志着一个新的口述史研究热潮的到来。     

《读书人是幸福人》说课设计

说课,是检验教师教学基本功的手段之一,它不同于一般的发言稿和课堂教学,它要求说者比较系统地介绍自己的教学设计及其理论依据(包括大纲依据、课程标准依据、教学法依据、教育学和心理学依据等),而不是宣讲教案,也不是浓缩课堂。它的核心在于说理,在于说清为什么要这样教,用什么理论来支持教学,说课的重点在于教学重点和教学难点的突破上。说案不同于教案。     

文化批评的意义与局限

文化批评的兴起有多方面的原因,其存在的合理性与现实价值显而易见。但是,作为一种批评方法,文化批评不过是为文学批评打开了一个新的窗口;而任何窗口都是有局限的,文化批评也必然会遮蔽一些东西。当下流行的文化批评因审美尺度的缺席而走向非文学化,并导致批评与创作的亲缘关系的解体。因此,文化批评的自我检讨已势在必行。     

再论《夏天》的艺术主题

《夏天》是哥特小说 ,其主题是惧怕异性。女主人公对养父罗约尔是恐惧其性威胁 ,对情人卢歇尔斯是害怕失去他或是被他遗弃。小说的价值之一就是伊迪斯·沃顿开创了哥特小说的新领域─—对异性的恐惧     

Progress and cumulation in the human sciences after the fall

What do we mean by progress and cumulation in the social and human sciences? Recent thinking in the philosophy and history of science has led to an abandonment of some versions of logical positivism and of verificationism that had a strong deductive and theory testing orientation. What is to replace them is less clear. This paper argues that progress and cumulation can be seen as a process of evaluation and retention within an epistemic community. Scholarly disciplines differ in their social structure and in their epistemic and normative commitments. Since sociology is a fragmented discipline, progress and cumulation differ within its multiple subdisciplines, which to varying extents represent epistemic communities. Brief sketches of progress (advance) and cumulation in several subdisciplines are offered.     

有错检验情况下标准型抽样方案的设计

本文给出了在有错检验情况下标准型抽样方案的设计方法，讨论了误检概率ｐ，ｐ′对抽样方案的影响，并给出抽样方案的实际应用。     

微观辨证整体化之浅议

对微观辨证整体化研究 ,认为目前一是应该对大量的前期研究工作进行总结 ,对异病同证者及同病异证者的宏观症状进行循证医学研究 ;对异病同证者及同病异证者的微观指标进行循证医学研究 ;最终寻求宏观整体指标与微观整体指标的结合 ,从而使微观辨证升华到微观层次上的整体化水平。二是进行基因组学与中医证候相关性研究 ,寻找与中医证候相关的基因组 ,从而实现中医证候研究的基因水平上的整体化。     

In Memoriam: Emeritus Professor Henry Oliver Lancaster, AO FAA 1 February 1913 – 2 December 2001

The death, in Sydney, of Oliver Lancaster marks the end of an era in the histories of the Statistical Society of Australia, which (in its previous existence as the Statistical Society of New South Wales) he helped found in 1947, and of the Australian Journal of Statistics of which he was founding editor (1959–1971). Oliver Lancaster was Foundation Professor of Mathematical Statistics at the University of Sydney (1959–1978), where he spent his life as student and academic. During his academic career, he achieved scholarly distinction in at least four fields: mathematical statistics, medical and public health statistics, the history of medicine and of statistics, and statistical bibliography. With E.J.G. Pitman (1897–1993), M.H. Belz (1897–1975), E.A. Cornish (1909–1973) and P.A.P. Moran (1917–1988) he was part of a cohort of renowned Australian mathematical statisticians who laid the foundation of the glory days of Australian mathematical statistics. This obituary and tribute focuses on some of these aspects, within a broader historical picture.