殊途与同归：两代农民工社会融入的比较 *——基于生命历程的视角

内容提要：本文以30名农民工的务工经商生活史的深度访谈资料为基础,从生命历程视角观照了新老两代农民工自外出务工、城城(乡)流动到选择归宿的生命轨迹。在社会结构及机会结构下,农民工社会融入是依循着年龄层级在一系列生命事件中依社会角色变化而进行反思性自我定位的行动过程。研究表明,两代农民工具有相似的生命轨迹,家庭角色的转变型塑了他们最终的生活期望和社会归属。由于新老两代农民工禀赋差异和代际特征,新生代农民工虽具有更多城市性和现代性,其融入意愿也发生了代际转变,但因其面对的机会结构限制和自身能力不足,其社会融入仍具有代际传承性。     

多主体权责分配与大学科研评价的科学性

针对权责界限不确定的多主体共享事物权责分配的科学性问题进行研究,提出多主体共享权责分配方式的封闭性、序列性、均称性和关联性等概念,将同时具备一致封闭性、一致序列性、一致均称性和一致关联性作为完备型权责分配方式的条件,并以完备性作为权责界限不确定的多主体权责分配的科学性的标准.通过一系列数学论证,给出完备型权责分配方式的基本性质,得出由黄金分割法诱导出来的多主体共享事物权责的“黄金分配法”的完备性,既得到了一般多主体共享权责问题的完备型分配方式的存在性结论,也证明了武书连在《2010中国大学评价》中关于大学科研获奖成果评价计分方法的科学性.     

政府管制变迁下 IPO资源配置效率的实证研究

文章借鉴Jeffery Wurgler资源配置效率模型,实证检测了我国IPO市场1992～2013年各年度的资源配置效率,针对政府管制程度不同阶段下的整体配置效率进行了对比,深入挖掘了国有企业比例与上市公司质量对资源配置效率的影响。实证结果表明：政府行政管制的存在确实限致了我国IPO市场资源配置效率功能的发挥,政府管制降低了资本市场资源配置效率;政府管制下国企上市较多以及上市公司质量差的年份对IPO资源配置低效率的负面影响更大。据此,提出了加强IPO市场化制度改革,推进国有企业改制等措施来提高IPO市场资源配置效率的建议。     

Intergenerational Life Courses of Teenage Pregnancy in Ogbomosho South‐Western Nigeria

Concern that the teenage pregnancy rate in an urban community in Southwest Nigeria has doubled within the last decade prompted an intergenerational survey of a sample of 277 respondents (163 pregnant teenagers, 91 teen parents and 23 adult parents who were once teen parents) selected through snowballing and then interviewed in four group discussions in Ogbomosho, Nigeria. Findings revealed that 43.5 per cent of the female and 48.5 per cent of the male teenagers informed their parents first when they became pregnant or made someone pregnant respectively. They also showed that lack of knowledge about puberty (21.3%) was a major factor that influenced teenage pregnancy. The majority (53.4%) of the respondents believed that their parents perceived teenage pregnancy as God's blessing, while it was perceived as sign of poverty by their school teachers (36.5%). Blame for unwanted pregnancy was put on the girls by 49.5 per cent of the respondents. Focused educational enlightenment for teenagers on sexual reproductive health is needed for reshaping teenagers' risky behaviours. This is in line with 25.6 per cent of the respondents who felt that community youth forum on sex education could reduce teenage pregnancy.     

Intergenerational Exchanges of Middle‐Aged Adults With Their Parents and Parents‐In‐Law in Korea

The authors investigated patterns of support exchanges between Korean adult children and their parents and parents‐in‐law, gender differences in these patterns, and implications of children's marital quality for exchange patterns. Data were from a nationally representative sample of married adults (N = 920, age 30–59 years) with at least 1 living parent and 1 living parent‐in‐law. Latent class analysis was applied to 12 indicators of exchanges (financial, instrumental, emotional support given to and received from parents and parents‐in‐law). Five classes of exchanges were identified, 3 showing balanced patterns of exchanges with parents and parents‐in‐law across three types of support and 2 classes with unbalanced patterns (e.g., giving instrumental and financial but not emotional support). The findings revealed variability in intergenerational exchange patterns, with a mix of patrilineal traditional and balanced patterns. Significant associations of exchange patterns with adult children's marital quality suggest the importance of balanced exchanges with parents for marriage.     

高新技术企业所有权配置的博弈分析

企业理论关于企业所有权配置的讨论主要从“企业要素特性”这一静态角度展开 ,明确了财物资本所有者和人力资本所有者的所有权性质。但高新技术企业的所有权配置更是一个动态的博弈的过程 ,财物资本要素和人力资本要素的行动策略不是孤立的 ,而是相互影响的。高新技术企业的所有权配置具有“相机抉择”和“初始状态依存性”的特点。     

Individual and Household Values of Mortality Reductions with Intrahousehold Bargaining

I derive alternative measures of maximum willingness to pay (WTP) and value of statistical life (VSL) for selfish members of two-person households who bargain efficiently over consumption of individual and household goods. There is then no systematic bias in letting one member conduct the valuation on behalf of the household. Public-good VSL may exceed private-good VSL when each member attaches (selfish) preferences to survival of the spouse, and to any income from a surviving spouse in period 2. When period 2 is a retirement period and household members’ incomes are fixed, interview surveys tend to overvalue VSL due to ignored negative effects of own survival on private of public pension budgets.JEL Classification: I12, G22, J17     

试论环境资源法之法律目的产生的伦理思想基础

每个国家在特定的历史阶段都有其特有的法律理念,法律理念的实现有赖于构成该国法律体系的各个法律部门的分工和协作,因此,必须将法律理念具体细化成作为各个法律部门统率的部门法之法律目的。环境资源法的法律目的有其产生的环境伦理思想基础,通过比较中国古代的环境资源保护思想、源于西方的可持续发展思想和非人类中心主义伦理思想,我们应当将已被发展了的以"代内公平"、"代际公平"和"权利公平"为主要内容的可持续发展思想,作为我国环境资源法之法律目的形成的主要伦理思想基础。     

我国商业银行合作竞争的意义及策略选择

合作竞争作为一种新的竞争方式,对我国商业银行的意义不像其他国际银行那样是获取规模经济和范围经济效益,而主要是增强竞争有效性,降低经营成本,提高经营效率,从而提升我国银行整体竞争力和核心竞争力,进而提高银行经营效益.选择适当的国际战略合作伙伴以及力争在合作竞争组织中获取最大经济利益,是我国银行合作竞争的策略选择重点.前者可以在"3C"原则基础上运用德尔菲法和层次分析法比较确定,后者可以综合考虑现有理论提出的多劳多得、风险补偿和效用最大三个原则及其模型,运用改进的群体重心模型来确定体现公平原则的最优收益分配方案.     

基于能源优化配置的我国第二产业结构调整研究简

针对我国面临的日益严峻的能源与经济发展的矛盾,从能源优化配置的角度出发,探讨了能源约束条件下第二产业的结构调整以实现经济可持续发展的问题。具体研究思路是从我国第二产业的投入产出表入手,计算各行业的感应度系数和影响力系数,并与万元GDP能耗进行多角度聚类,进而运用聚类分析的结果,结合经济可持续发展背景下我国第二产业结构的调整需求及各产业的实际发展状况,阐述了不同产业能源配置的配额、定额及价格策略及政策建议。