最高人民法院与条约司法适用机制的完善

国际条约的司法适用是实现条约法律效力的要求,但现有宪法、法律和司法解释对条约在我国法律体系中的地位及其效力位阶的规定尚不明确。法院的司法活动可以在法律规定模糊、存在漏洞时,在不违背立法原意的情况下起到明确法律内涵和填补法律漏洞的作用。因此,为了保障我国切实履行条约义务,最高人民法院应在法律规定的范围内率先采取完善国际条约司法适用的措施,包括出台司法解释、公布相关指导案例、建立逐级汇报制度、在内部设立专门机构等,从而为将来时机成熟之时在宪法和法律中规定这些内容做好准备。     

外层空间军事化及其国际法规制的模式和路径

外层空间军事化的内涵包括军事化利用人造卫星和外层空间武器化两种情形。国际法对外层空间军事化的规制,应当根据这两种情形而采取相应的具体模式。既有的国际条约法不能够充分地、有效地对外层空间军事化进行规制,未能禁止外层空间武器化活动,完善国际条约法又面临着诸多难以克服的困难。建立禁止外层空间武器化活动的国际习惯法规则应当是实现国际法对外层空间军事化规制的理想路径。禁止外层空间武器化活动的实践行为已经基本符合构成国际习惯法的物质要素,即国家实践的要求,但在心理要素即法律确信方面还有所缺失。国际社会应当采取积极主动的方式促成这一国际习惯法规则的建立     

2017年国际原油价格分析与趋势预测

通过对2016年国际油价的演变历程以及Brent与WTI价差进行回顾,分析全球石油市场供需情况,发现2016年供需形势已有好转。并结合非基本面因素的变化以及对2017年各经济体经济发展的预期,据此对2017年国际油价作出预测:在各种因素综合作用下,2017年Brent、WTI两市明显价差减小,国际原油价格波动加剧,呈小幅上扬的态势。预计Brent、WTI原油平均价格为60美元/桶和62美元/桶,价格波动区间为55~65美元/桶。     

基于小波-高阶矩模型的投资组合策略——以国际原油市场为例

考虑到投资者异质性特征,将极大重叠离散小波变换方法与高阶矩投资组合框架相结合,提出小波-高阶矩投资组合模型,在此基础上提出频域视角下的高频尺度集成方案和时-频域视角下的全尺度集成方案,并遴选出合适的风险偏好特征改进模型,最后进行稳定性检验。基于国际原油市场数据,样本外检验结果表明：相较于对照组,大部分的小波-高阶矩投资组合策略均取得了更优的投资效果,其中集成部分表现最佳,且高频尺度集成方案侧重于提升收益,而全尺度集成方案侧重于降低波动;通过选择合适偏好高阶矩风险的特征,将会明显改善原始小波-高阶矩投资组合策略,且对两个集成方案改良效果最显著;稳健性检验证实了以上结论。     

论国际刑事诉讼中对逮捕的审查

国际刑事诉讼中对逮捕的审查主要有审查主体、审查内容和审查结果几个方面。特设法庭对逮捕的审查主体是审判法官，国际刑事法院对逮捕的审查主体是预审法官。特设法庭没有单独规定逮捕的条件，其确认起诉也就意味着满足了逮捕的条件；国际刑事法院《罗马规约》单独规定了逮捕的条件，包含实质要件和必--件。对于国际刑事法庭签发的逮捕令，应了解其内容、效力、修改和撤销程序以及保密等方面的基本问题。     

The Interplay between Global and State Governance: Theoretical Origins and Practical Reflections

Global governance largely grows out of the externalities in state governance. At present, global governance and state governance are integrated into a kind of “holistic governance” based on their interaction and interpenetration. Our understanding of their interplay can be traced back to ideas that developed from ancient Greek and Roman times to the early 20^th century. More recently, from the second half of the 20^th century, theories of the interaction between global and state governance essentially revolved around the externalities in state governance and efforts to overcome those externalities by designing an ideal world. Today, the interaction between global and state governance is of great practical significance, serving to inspire the establishment of a global order based on sharing, integration and symbiotic harmony. However, we should also be aware that this interaction may be converted by great powers to the service of their own interests. At present, China can help reshape the global governance order of the 21^st century by strengthening its own development, promoting benign interaction between global and state governance, actively harnessing the potential of its state governance capacity and sharing its experience and ideas.     

Immigrant Children: Their Experience of Violence at School and Community in Host Country

This article describes our qualitative sociological study of immigrant children's life experiences of violence. We conducted interviews with 42 first‐generation immigrant children from any country, aged 9–13 years old, living in the Quebec City region (Canada). Results from three main themes are presented: representations of violence and concrete violent acts experienced; perceived effects of violence on children health and well‐being; and reactions and coping strategies. Overall, the narratives show that they may experience racist peer violence in school that leads to suffering situations, and they consequently have to develop strategies to maintain their well‐being. Social implications are discussed.     

Relocating Civil Society in a Politics of Civic‐Driven Change

Politics is central to development discourse, yet remains peripheral. Over some twenty years, a civil‐society narrative has not fulfilled its potential to ‘bring politics back in’. Reasons can be found in conceptual confusion, in selectivity in donor thinking, in policies towards civil society and in the growth‐driven political economy of NGO‐ism. Remedies for the political lacunae are being sought through a focus on rights, citizenship and leadership that show valuable focused progress. This article examines a comprehensive complement to such efforts referred to as civic‐driven change (CDC). Originating in a grounded empirical approach, the constituent principles and elements of CDC offer a lens that can both sharpen and deepen insights and advance analysis of socio‐political processes.     

The National Health Act

Abstract

While increasing enrolments of international fee-paying students are a feature of the current Australian tertiary system, little research has been undertaken relating to international students studying social work. A national survey of all accredited BSW programs within Australia was undertaken in 1997 with regard to the demographic profile of international students, current provisions for them and perceptions of educators about relevant issues for consideration. The findings of this survey are presented here. Fee-paying international students represented a small proportion of total enrolments within Australian BSW programs in 1997. While educators perceived that these students did have particular educational and social challenges within Australian social work programs, few special considerations were afforded to them, although the literature would encourage us to consider this. Issues relating to the social and cultural construction of Western social work education are discussed, as well as the cultural relevance of Australian social work education for international students intending to practise social work in their countries of origin.     

Developmental Outcomes of Internationally Adopted Children

This study followed 106 international adoptees over an 18-month period. Mothers completed the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) at 6, 12, and 24 months post-adoption, assessing their children's development in multiple domains. Results revealed that the sample overall demonstrated linear improvement over time in most domains, but children with initially low scores remained significantly lower than others at the 18-month follow-up. ASQ scores were unrelated to age at adoption, but significant differences by birth country emerged. Across most domains, children from Eastern Europe had generally lower scores than children from other birth regions.