百年诺贝尔奖获得者跨国移居流向的时空分析

科技人才是科技知识载体,科学大师定向流动造成科学中心从欧洲向美国转移。一百年以来,大批诺贝尔奖获得者由于躲避战火、追求良好科研环境和优厚待遇等因素,先后从欧洲大陆流向英国,从世界各地流向美国,导致科学中心从欧洲向美国转移。透过这些科学大师的迁移研究,寻找他们迁移的深层原因,以利于我国制定优惠政策,吸引人才、留住人才,为振兴中华科技事业构筑人才高地。     

关于管理参与分配几个问题的理解

管理参与分配是社会主义经济发展的必然要求。管理在经济发展中的贡献决定其应该参与分配。鼓励管理参与分配将对社会主义经济建设产生深远的影响。本文就管理参与分配的必要性、合理性及重要性做理解性探讨。     

美国实力的现实与局限

尽管美国实力的现实表现得非常明显,而且没有一个可与其实力相媲美的强有力的竞争对手,但如果其采取单边主义行为,它的局限就会表现出来。美国的政治、安全、军事、经济以及媒体等各个方面的实力都是客观存在的。美国所犯的错误可能不会导致世界秩序的崩溃,但极有可能削弱美国的相对实力并且疏远与其它国家的关系,从而弱化美国实力的效能,使美国的单边主义实现自我修正。     

利率平价偏离、资本账户开放与经济波动——基于小国DSGE模型的分析

基于中国资本管制、意愿结售汇改革、冲销干预等特征,引入国际风险溢价构建一个小国开放经济DSGE模型,分析了利率平价偏离时资本账户开放对中国经济波动和社会福利的影响.理论分析和数值模拟表明:1)利率平价偏离程度上升会增加本国通胀风险,加剧经济波动,伴随社会福利水平下降,如果央行忽略利率平价偏离的影响,将低估外国货币政策冲击对本国通胀和经济波动,以及社会福利的影响;2)资本账户开放会减小本国通胀风险,降低本国经济波动,提高社会福利水平.因此,中国应该坚持资本账户开放,稳步推进利率和汇率市场化改革,减小利率平价偏离程度,进一步提高资本账户开放的收益.     

The role of local stakeholders in transforming economic upgrading into social upgrading in Ethiopian textile and garment firms

The authors examine the links between economic and social upgrading in a developing country with stringent industry policy and employment legislation, focusing on the strategies of local firms participating in global apparel production networks. Based on the 2015 case studies of five textile and garment firms in Ethiopia, they find that employment security and physical well-being were driven mainly by government labour regulations negotiated by local employers, workers and trade unions rather than by global buyers and conclude that upgrading and downgrading can occur simultaneously within a firm.     

Couples relationship standards and satisfaction in Pakistani couples

Relationship standards are beliefs about what is important in a satisfying couple relationship, which vary considerably between cultures, and might mean that what couples seek from couple therapy differs across cultures. We assessed the standards of n = 49 Pakistani couples and whether those standards predicted couple satisfaction. To provide referents for the Pakistani standards, we also assessed selfreported relationship standards in n = 33 Western couples and n = 30 Chinese couples. Pakistani couples endorsed couple bond standards (e.g., expressions of love) as similarly important, and family responsibility (e.g., extended family relations) standards as more important, than Western or Chinese couples. In Pakistani couples, Couple Bond predicted couples' relationship satisfaction, but family responsibility and Religion predicted only wives' satisfaction. Modest sample sizes necessitate caution in interpreting results but suggest existing couple therapies might need modification to address the distinctive relationship standards of Pakistani couples.     

劳工标准与国际贸易关系的趋势预测

国际贸易与劳工标准问题,一直是发达国家与发展中国家争议的焦点之一,二者是否会挂钩引起了大多数国家的重视。通过回顾国际贸易与劳工标准关系的现状和历史,分析二者的主要冲突,并结合国际贸易理论、世界的经济发展状况及其产生的根源和发展的可能性等方面来预测其发展趋势,从而推断出二者挂钩是难以避免的,是国际经济发展的要求和必然趋势。     

高校辅导员“不当行为”规避研究——基于职业能力标准视角

通过对高校辅导员＂不当行为＂的概念进行整合界定,在深入调研高校辅导员队伍建设规范化现状的基础上,运用文献研究法,分析了目前存在于高校辅导员群体行为中的主要问题。高校辅导员常见典型不当行为具有无资格、不胜任,冒犯的、攻击的,心不在焉的三个维度特征,对此,高校需要通过构建科学系统的辅导员队伍专职化标准体系、专业化能力标准体系和专家化能力标准体系,以及加强对辅导员的人文关怀、提高辅导员自身修养等措施规避辅导员不当行为。     

Is Asia adopting flexicurity?

In the face of global competition, many countries are adopting a flexicurity approach to labour regulation, providing employers with greater flexibility to hire and retrench workers while helping workers transition to new jobs. This review of six Asian countries finds that China and the Republic of Korea have enacted such reforms; Singapore and Malaysia provide some ingredients of flexicurity, though no unemployment insurance; India and Sri Lanka have introduced few reforms and continue to rely on an older model of employer-based security. To support informal workers, the Governments of China, India and Sri Lanka use public works, self-employment programmes and skills training.     

“Families” in International Context: Comparing Institutional Effects Across Western Societies

We review comparative evidence of institutional effects on families in Western societies. We focus on 2 key aspects of family life: gendered divisions of labor and people's transitions into, within, and out of relationships. Many individual‐level models assume the effects are robust across countries. The international evidence over the past decade suggests instead that the socioeconomic and policy contexts strongly influence the significance and even direction of individual effects. A growing body of evidence also highlights important differences across social groups and family forms within countries. The pattern of relative gender, class, and other group equality varies across countries, as do related family experiences and outcomes. We conclude with suggestions for future comparative family research.