儒家“贵和”思想对当代国际关系的价值

儒家“贵和”思想源远流长,其主要内容有“仁、礼、中和”,其思想精髓为“和而不同”。儒家“贵和”思想是中国古代哲学智慧,给当代国际关系以启迪,它所提倡的“和而不同”、“和不弃争”、“以和济争”、“协和万邦”具有超越时代的普遍意义,构成当代国际关系准则的普世价值,对当代国际关系起到协调作用,也为当代国际竞争优化模式提供借鉴。     

知识产权国际法律保护的原因、困境与完善

知识产权国际法律保护主要运用WIPO和WTO两大国际组织中的不同机制。虽然TRIPs协定适用于由主权国家和独立关税区所组成的所有WTO成员方,也发挥着比WIPO更广泛的影响力,同时亦能看出TRIPs协定最显著的影响在于,对各成员方采取一些试图扭曲国际贸易自由流动的手段起限制性作用。然而,在对抗某些国家的单边主义、非关税贸易壁垒以及跨国企业的知识产权滥诉等问题上,该机制似乎有待细化内容与加强保护力度。本文在考察知识产权国际法律保护的原因及现状的基础上,深刻揭示出在知识产权国际法律保护方面存在的困境,并结合当前情况展望知识产权国际法律保护的未来发展趋势。     

国际经济与贸易专业实践教学改革

实践教学在国际经济与贸易的课程体系中占有十分重要的地位,是培养应用型人才的重要手段,也是培养学生动手能力、创新能力和实际工作能力的重要环节.本文针对当前普通高等院校国际经济与贸易专业实践教学中存在的问题,借鉴德国“双元制”职业教育经验,在课程体系设置、实践教学特色、实践教学师资团队和实践教学评价四个方面提出适合专业特点的实践教学改革的思路.     

海南国际旅游岛开展拓展旅游项目优势分析

采用文献资料法、综合分析法、访谈法对海南省国际旅游岛建设过程中,开展拓展旅游项目背景、释义、特点、及优势进行分析、归纳和总结,并提出相应的建议与对策,为促进海南省旅游业的创新发展起到积极推动作用及现实指导。     

Social Suffering and Embodied States of Male Transnational Migrancy in San Francisco,California

Through the analysis of a social program for migrant and homeless labourers, this article focuses on embodiment, suffering, and the changing nature of masculinity in a specific Latino migrant population in San Francisco. It highlights particular aspects of personhood while relating migrant narratives of this singular “lonely” population to aspects of current political economy and articulations of social suffering. It explores how spatial and temporal conditions such as “shifting suffering,” “being stuck,” being betrayed, and “conformarse” (conforming) highlight embodied states of changing masculinity and transnational migrancy. Through an examination of belonging and exclusion, continuities as well as discontinuities of representations, self-validation, and a nostalgia for a possibility of a future that cannot be and a present that still remains, this article presents a much-needed ethnography of embodied affects emerging in different arenas of transnational migrancy.     

Internationally Adopted Children After Arrival: Temperament,Behavior Problems,and Age at Adoption as Predictors of Early Motor and Communication Competence

The temperament dimensions activity, emotionality, and shyness, together with behavior problems, gender, country of birth, and age at adoption, were explored in relation to early motor and communication competence among internationally adopted children in Norway (N = 106, gender: 55 girls and 51 boys, age at adoption: M = 9.99 months, SD = 4.29 months). Based on reports from adoptive mothers, regression analysis including all the variables showed that 56% of the variance in motor competence and 64% in communication competence were explained. Age at adoption explained most of the variance in both areas, while increased level of activity showed a significant correlation with improved motor competence.     

Non-parental childcare,time pressure and the gendered division of paid work,domestic work and parental childcare

What impact does out-sourcing childcare have on the time parents spend on paid work, domestic work and childcare, and how they share these tasks between themselves? Using data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Time Use Survey (TUS) 2006 we investigate the effects of formal and informal non-parental childcare on the time use of couples with children aged 0–4 years (N=348). We examine associations between non-parental care and (1) couples' combined time in paid work, domestic work and childcare, (2) parents' time separately by gender in paid work, domestic work and childcare (subdivided by activity type) and (3) parents' self-reported time pressure. Total workloads (the sum of paid work, domestic work and childcare) are neither higher nor lower when non-parental care is used, either for households combined or for each gender separately. The way time is spent, and how activities are divided by gender does differ, however. For mothers the use of any non-parental care and more hours in formal care is associated with more paid work hours, less childcare time and higher self-reported time pressure. Fathers' time is more constant, but they report higher subjective time pressure with increasing hours of formal non-parental care.     

MAKING A NAME IN GAMES

This article explores the development and implementation of a Toronto-based incubator supporting local women in developing their own games. The incubator was created to help change the current (male-dominated) status quo of game production, promising participants skills sharing, support for the development of a new game, and entry into the local community of indie games developers. It was at the same time part of a large network of commercial and non-commercial interests with a shared agenda of promoting the local digital innovation scene. These different motivations and actors are considered to understand the nature of this complex social network market and the circulation of particularly feminized affective labour therein, detailing how value, reward, and benefit are conceptualized throughout this network. The article focuses on how and where these understandings are in alignment and where they fall apart, revealing problematic structures of power and control linked in particular to gender and entrepreneurialism in the area of digital innovation.     

From intergovernmental negotiations to (sub)national change

In the last thirty years, a process of global norm creation in the field of gender equality has taken place. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women marks a milestone in this process: it emerged as the first legally binding international instrument for the protection of women's rights. The 180 states that have ratified the Convention have interpreted their treaty obligations in diverse ways, ranging from reluctance to active incorporation. Beyond its original mandate, CEDAW has increased attention on gender issues within the UN human rights framework. Further, it has motivated transnational NGO activism that uses the Convention to connect local understandings of women's rights with global standards to influence national policy developments. Taking these global, national and transnational dynamics together, the article argues that CEDAW has been transformed from a ‘classical’ intergovernmental regime to a transnational network enforcing women's rights. Based on these findings, a theoretical view on global norm creation and enforcement is developed that stresses the reciprocal interrelation between global, national and local spheres. Instead of assuming a ‘trickle-down’ dynamic as a consequence of global agreements, it is argued that the legitimacy and authority of global norms depends on their active interpretation and appropriation within national and local contexts all over the world.     

Fostering transnational dialogue: Lessons learned from women peace activists

Abstract

Given the incredible diversity of the anti-globalization movement, developing inclusive and participatory spaces is an enormous challenge. Inequities in power, resources, and experience between Northern and Southern activists are of particular concern to a movement that values democratic participation. Dialogue is seen as a critical new way of addressing conflicts within the movement. For three decades, women's organizations dealt with similar issues at the UN World Conferences on Women. It was not until the 1990s that a global women's movement emerged. This paper, which is based on a qualitative study of women's peace organizations gathered at the Fourth UN World Conference on Women in 1995, addresses the development of positive coalition dynamics. The focus on individual activist stories fills in gaps left by studying organizations as units of analysis or on transnational movements as a whole. My research shows that if transnational activists use constructive approaches, conflict can assist in building coalition dynamics necessary for effective and equitable cooperation. I conclude that a commitment to respond to conflict in a constructive manner is as important for coalition building as formal processes or mechanisms that foster dialogue.