网络环境中我校学生信息素质状况调查与分析

信息素质教育是目前国内外教育发展的一个重要趋势。在网络环境中,大学生的信息素质在其综合素质中占有越来越突出的地位。文章从信息意识、信息能力、信息观念、信息道德等四个方面对我校各专业、各年级大学生进行了随机抽样调查,对调查结果进行统计分析,指出其现状及产生原因,然后结合我校实际提出了一些大学生信息素质教育的应对措施,为我校课程体系设置与整合、信息检索教学改革及开展信息素质教育活动提供一些参考依据。     

网络对大学生政治社会化影响实证研究

对7所高校1 300多名大学生的问卷调查显示,网络对大学生政治社会化具有一定影响,学生政治社会化状况随其上网频率不同而不同。主要体现在:政治知识方面,高频率上网者对时事知识的掌握程度较好;政治价值倾向方面,高频率上网者在国家民族意识方面与其他频率上网者无差别,但其对政府和现行政策认同程度明显偏低;政治参与倾向方面,高频率上网者相对其他频率上网者而言参与态度较消极,对表达意见的途径了解较少,在政治效能认识上比较悲观,权利和义务意识比较薄弱。因此,需要加强网络监管和网络建设,克服网络对青年的消极影响,完善网络媒体政治社会化功能。     

网络丧文化视角下青少年负面情绪表达及意识形态隐忧

网络丧文化是折射当代青少年心态和境遇的一面镜子,其中裹挟的负面情绪是网络时代值得关切的传播症候。网络负面情绪的兴起,是阶层固化导致的生存困境和时代变迁带来的社交孤独而引发的一场亚文化实践。在媒介技术的加持下,这场亚文化实践最终演变为情绪宣泄和自我满足的生活标签与符号意义。网络负面情绪呈现出颓废、迷茫、无病呻吟与多愁善感的叙事风格特征,具有三种现实意义：从个体角度,它是身份认同和价值认同的确认工具;从文化角度,它传递出对现实生活和主流文化的温柔抵抗;从经济角度,风格的实质是让受众沦为“数字劳工”,自由地、无偿地为商家提供“数字商品”并沉浸其中。作为一种网络亚文化现象,青少年负面情绪的过度传播潜藏着社会层面和个人层面的意识形态隐忧,通过外部涵化与主体自律等措施可以化解青少年网络丧文化的负面效应。     

我国远程医疗的现状、问题及发展对策

随着信息技术及网络通信技术的发展,远程医疗的内涵在不断演变和丰富。我国远程医疗经过近30年的发展,尤其在新冠肺炎疫情促进下,政策体系逐渐完善,远程医疗协作网和互联网医院建设均取得一定成绩,但与此同时也暴露出一些问题,如法律法规不健全、服务定价和补偿机制不完善、系统平台功能不完善、医患双方认识不足、远程医疗专业人才缺乏等。结合发达国家远程医疗发展经验,应进一步加强我国远程医疗法律法规建设、健全财政补偿机制、完善远程医疗系统功能、加快远程医疗人才队伍建设,以促进远程医疗的持续健康发展。     

网络拟古世情小说对当下意识形态的民间再构

近年来,在网络通俗小说创作中涌现出大量的拟古世情小说。这类小说往往以宏大的故事布局和对优秀女主人公的塑造,吸引了众多阅读者的目光。这些女主人公群像,不仅反映出汉民族文化传统的审美眼光,也寄托了根源于以家族、财富为中心的社会价值期待,还与当下价值评判体系中的女性群体的自我期许相吻合。这些拟古世情小说在完成言情小说的爱情故事构形和实现娱情的休闲功能以外,也因为广大阅读群体逐渐步入或即将步入中产阶层而发生相应的变化,重新赋予女性作为稳定家庭、增长财富、养育子女、传承家风的核心力量的社会意义,她们洁身自好,对爱情专一,勇于面对困难,乐于奉献,担当责任,胸怀宽广。这些新型的“高大全”形象,表达出女性主义的新倾向：女性的成长和幸福的获得,更重要的在于女性内在的精神力量,与传统的气节、操守有关的人格因素,以及家教和门风。这使得网络平台的民间话语表达,具有更为包容传统以及融合其合理因素的价值取向,也与当下主流意识形态遥相呼应。     

An Exploration of “Superb Competences” in College Teachers in the Context of U-Learning

Ubiquitous learning (U-learning), a potential shortcut for China to modernize its education, is treated in this discussion as a mentality and means for citizens in high-tech society to seek a lifelong education. Thus situated, this article presents an exploration of “superb competences”—material intelligence, internet thinking, and brain-related neuro knowledge—in college teachers outside their trained professional areas. It is believed that once the teachers are equipped with the material intelligence, internet thinking, and brain-related neuro knowledge, real U-learning practice is ensured and its rationale will be developed. Material intelligence and internet thinking are evolved from and closely related to technological development, and therefore constitute the essential requirements of U-learning in terms of technical and educational cognitive framework. A good knowledge of brain related neuroscience, the third competence, guarantees the scientific rooting of every element in the designing of U-leaning tasks, whose success resides in a serious respect of cognitive nature and rules of the brain. The building of such superb competences, as is argued at the end of the paper, relies on various supports, like policies and technological aids, from all levels of educational administration in the country as well as each individual teacher’s personal understanding and efforts.     

The Structure of Legal Relations in Online Transactions*

As the civil law expression of internet plus transactions, the legal relations in online trading platform transactions constitute a complex aggregate of legal relationships composed of groups of legal relations. Specifically, they consist of three basic interlinked legal relationships: Contract relations for online trading platform services between the platform provider and the seller or service provider, and between the platform provider and the consumer. This includes the sales or service contract relations between the triad of the seller, the service provider and the consumer. These relations contain five kinds of major content, viz., the provision of transaction space, the publishing of transaction information, price escrow payment, distribution and delivery of the commodity, and transaction credit evaluation. They involve three forms of supplementary legal relations: the supplementary contract relationship between the platform provider and a third party payment institution; between the seller and third party credit reporting agency; and between the seller and a logistics enterprise. The three forms of supplementary contractual legal relations are set up to act on the major contents of the basic legal relationships in online transactions. On the basis of the online trading platform service contract relationships between the platform provider and the triad of the seller, the service provider and the consumer, the flow of the above- mentioned legal relations centers on the contract of sales or service set up between the seller, the service provider and the consumer to accomplish the aim of the online transaction, meet social needs and boost economic development.     

我国互联网市场不正当竞争规制制度的创新——以中国网络视频反盗版联盟诉百度为例

我国互联网市场是目前急需规范的领域,大量不正当竞争行为在互联网市场出现,严重扰乱了互联网市场的秩序,其中互联网版权不正当竞争是典型表现之一。规制互联网市场的不正当竞争行为,创新互联网市场不正当竞争规制制度,不仅应认清现今规制所处的困境,规制之缺陷,还需在规制理念上进行完善,从而进一步建构我国互联网市场不正当竞争之规制制度。     

Information and communication technology adoption in micro and small firms: Can internet access improve labour productivity?

The rapid spread of information and communication technologies (ICT) may increase firms’ productivity with important consequences for job creation and for economic growth. This article contributes to this discussion by analysing the impact of internet adoption on labour productivity and the mechanisms shaping this relationship in Peruvian micro and small manufacturing firms over the period 2011–2013. The article estimates a reduced form where labour productivity is a function of internet adoption and other explanatory factors. Internet adoption is instrumented using a measure of the availability of financial opportunities for micro and small firms in Peru. Findings indicate that internet adoption: (a) increases firms’ labour productivity; (b) reallocates employment away from temporary administrative workers and non‐remunerated workers and expands employment of permanent production workers; (c) leads to the formalization of labour relationships, to the implementation of new organizational practices and to the improvement of training measures. While changes in employment and formalization of workers are linked to labour productivity gains, increases in training measures and organizational changes do not generate any additional productivity increase. Policies oriented to promote the adoption of ICT in micro and small firms can be beneficial to close the productivity gap with larger firms in Peru. Moreover, policies directed to the formalization of the workforce can provide an extra benefit, i.e. additional labour productivity gains in firms adopting the internet. Finally, policies oriented to the development of digital skills are also important to ease the re‐employment of those workers losing their jobs and the achievement of additional productivity gains that new organizational practices can provide.     

网络文学版权保护探析

侵犯网络文学著作权尤其是信息网络传播权的现象在当下十分严重。侵权的模式包括"云霄阁模式"和"百度模式"。它的背后既体现了社会公众、网络服务提供者和版权人之间的利益平衡,也是互联网精神、权利意识和商业模式三者博弈的结果。解决侵犯网络文学版权的问题需要注重培育公众正确的互联网意识、完善法律制度建设、创新文学网站的盈利模式及大力发挥社会组织的作用。保护网络文学著作权对创新虚拟社会管理有重要意义。