Gini’s nuclear family

The purpose of this paper is to justify the use of the Gini coefficient and two close relatives for summarizing the basic information of inequality in distributions of income. To this end we employ a specific transformation of the Lorenz curve, the scaled conditional mean curve, rather than the Lorenz curve as the basic formal representation of inequality in distributions of income. The scaled conditional mean curve is shown to possess several attractive properties as an alternative interpretation of the information content of the Lorenz curve and furthermore proves to yield essential information on polarization in the population. The paper also provides asymptotic distribution results for the empirical scaled conditional mean curve and the related family of empirical measures of inequality.      

对我校研究生入学考试数学成绩的分析

本文利用统计的方法,使用灰色关联度对某一年的研究生入学数学成绩进行了统计分析,找出了影响考生成绩的主要因子,为我校如何改进数学教学方法及考生如何准备研究生数学入学考试提出了一些建议。     

基于圆弧样条的复杂零件型面数控测量数据拟合

讨论了数控测量数据的一般处理方法及复杂零件型面多测量点数据对数控加工的影响．研究了利用圆弧样条拟合测量数据和生成加工刀位轨迹的方法．     

多变量仿射非线性系统的可逆性秩判据

系统的可逆性判别是非线性控制的逆系统方法的关键,为探索可逆性分析的新途径,该文将系统可逆的秩检验法引入到多变量仿射非线性系统中,其实质是将系统的可逆性判定转化为对系统的输出函数及其导数所构成的雅可比矩阵的秩条件分析。文中给出了仿射非线性系统可逆的秩判据定理与证明过程,提出了一种具体的求逆算法,最后,举例对算法进行了验证,通过与微分几何法和逆系统方法的比较说明了秩判据法的有效性。     

Sample Size and Power Calculation in Comparing Diagnostic Accuracy of Biomarkers with Pooled Assessments

When testing of a biomarker is costly, pooling of samples becomes a useful and efficient alternative (Faraggi et al., 2003). In this paper, we develop procedures for sample size and power calculations for planning a study comparing the accuracy of biomarkers in diagnosis of diseases with pooled samples. Explicit formulas are derived for several important pooling strategies. The effects of pooling samples on sample size and power of the test are also discussed.     

西方贸易与环境理论的演化及新发展

20世纪70年代以来,贸易与环境问题就开始成为国际关注的问题,贸易自由主义者和环境保护主义者就此从未停止过争论。文章主要对其争论的主要领域进行了总结,对自由贸易和环境保护之间的关系进行了评述,希望能对我国更好地开展自由贸易提供一些借鉴。     

DOMAIN ESTIMATION IN FINITE POPULATIONS1

This paper suggests unbiased estimators (UE's) for the size, mean and total of a domain, with specific features, in a given finite population on the basis of simple random sampling without replacement (SRSWOR) continued till a preassigned number of domain members is observed.     

The assessment of tumour response to treatment

Summary.  A parsimonious model for treated tumours is developed as a continuation of our previous work on regrowth curve theory. The statistical model belongs to the family of marginal non-linear models since the only linear parameters of the model are tumour specific and random facilitating parameter estimation. An important feature of the model is that it enables the estimation of the fraction of cancer cells surviving the treatment in vivo having easy-to-obtain longitudinal measurements of tumour volume. We compare several methods of estimation, including Lindstrom–Bates, iterated reweighted least squares and maximum likelihood. The last two methods are computed via the total estimating equations approach and variance least squares. The theory is illustrated with a photodynamic tumour therapy example.     

Acceptance sampling based on truncated life tests for generalized Rayleigh distribution

This paper considers the problem of an acceptance sampling plan for a truncated life test when the lifetime follows the generalized Rayleigh distribution. For different acceptance numbers, confidence levels, and values of the ratio of the fixed experiment time to the specified mean life, the minimum sample sizes necessary to ensure the specified mean life are found. The operating characteristic values of the sampling plans and producer's risk are discussed. Some tables are presented and the use of the tables is illustrated by a numerical example.     

Objective Testing Procedures in Linear Models: Calibration of the p-values

Abstract.  An optimal Bayesian decision procedure for testing hypothesis in normal linear models based on intrinsic model posterior probabilities is considered. It is proven that these posterior probabilities are simple functions of the classical F -statistic, thus the evaluation of the procedure can be carried out analytically through the frequentist analysis of the posterior probability of the null. An asymptotic analysis proves that, under mild conditions on the design matrix, the procedure is consistent. For any testing hypothesis it is also seen that there is a one-to-one mapping – which we call calibration curve – between the posterior probability of the null hypothesis and the classical bi p -value. This curve adds substantial knowledge about the possible discrepancies between the Bayesian and the p -value measures of evidence for testing hypothesis. It permits a better understanding of the serious difficulties that are encountered in linear models for interpreting the p -values. A specific illustration of the variable selection problem is given.