Dynamic approach to linear statistical calibration with an application in microwave radiometry

The problem of statistical calibration of a measuring instrument can be framed both in a statistical context as well as in an engineering context. In the first, the problem is dealt with by distinguishing between the ‘classical’ approach and the ‘inverse’ regression approach. Both of these models are static models and are used to estimate exact measurements from measurements that are affected by error. In the engineering context, the variables of interest are considered to be taken at the time at which you observe it. The Bayesian time series analysis method of Dynamic Linear Models can be used to monitor the evolution of the measures, thus introducing a dynamic approach to statistical calibration. The research presented employs a new approach to performing statistical calibration. A simulation study in the context of microwave radiometry is conducted that compares the dynamic model to traditional static frequentist and Bayesian approaches. The focus of the study is to understand how well the dynamic statistical calibration method performs under various signal-to-noise ratios, r.     

Statistical inference on the drift parameter in fractional Brownian motion with a deterministic drift

In statistical inference on the drift parameter a in the fractional Brownian motion W^H_t with the Hurst parameter H ∈ (0, 1) with a constant drift Y^H_t = at + W^H_t, there is a large number of options how to do it. We may, for example, base this inference on the properties of the standard normal distribution applied to the differences between the observed values of the process at discrete times. Although such methods are very simple, it turns out that more appropriate is to use inverse methods. Such methods can be generalized to non constant drift. For the hypotheses testing about the drift parameter a, it is more proper to standardize the observed process, and to use inverse methods based on the first exit time of the observed process of a pre-specified interval until some given time. These procedures are illustrated, and their times of decision are compared against the direct approach. Other generalizations are possible when the random part is a symmetric stochastic integral of a known, deterministic function with respect to fractional Brownian motion.     

基于梯度统计量的逆抽样下风险差的置信区间构建

通过逆抽样过程获得的分布又称为负二项分布,在流行病学研究和二分类变量分布的研究中应用极为广泛。因此,提出两种基于梯度统计量的逆抽样下风险差的置信区间的构建方法,分别依据风险差的极大似然估计(MLE)和方差最小无偏一致估计量(UMVUE)。与现有的WALD方法和得分方法相比,该方法所构建置信区间的优点在于:置信区间构建方法既不需要计算Fisher信息阵也不需要计算其逆矩阵,可使计算得以大大简化;对所提出的基于梯度统计量的置信区间构建方法进行蒙特卡洛模拟研究,模拟结果表明提出的构建方法可以得到很好的覆盖概率和较短的区间宽度。     

The digital rainbow: Some history and applications of numerical spectrum analysis

Statistical concepts and techniques are basic to scientific investigation. One concept that enjoys both a theoretical and a physical existence is the spectrum. A spectrum may be described as a display of the intensity or variability of a phenomenon versus period or frequency. Spectra are particularly useful in the study of systems subject to resonance, but have many other uses. This paper begins with some of the historical development of the field, describing a sequence of contributions by Michelson, Schuster, Einstein, Fisher, Bartlett, Tukey, and Whittle. The paper next presents collaborative applications to the study of the free oscillations of the earth, to the dispersion of seismic surface waves and to nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectroscopy. Finally, there is mention of open problems and opinions on future directions.     

口径面天线辐射近区场强计算

利用一种新的天线口径场积分的近似算法和几何绕射理论,并结合实际工程中天线的计算实例,对口径面天线的近区场进行计算,提高了计算的速度,又保证了计算结果的准确性。结果表明,该方法是处理天线辐射近区场强以及电磁兼容问题的一种有力工具。     

皮秒光导开关的研制及其应用研究

阐述了光导开关的原理,并研制出GaAs:Cr,InP:Fe光导开关,实验显示了开关对光的响应特性,利用光导开关来探测皮秒光脉冲的波形,并且利用光导开关的原理研制成新型的超宽带雷达实验室模型,实验显示了其脉冲辐射与接收波形。     

复数域上分块矩阵秩的若干等式

本文以二阶、三阶分块矩阵为例,利用Gauss初等变换和矩阵的Moore-Penrose广义逆,给出某些分块矩阵的秩与其子阵的秩之间的关系。     

Diversity of vocabulary and homogeneity of literary style

To help settle the debate around the authorship of Tirant lo Blanc, we analyse the evolution of the diversity of the vocabulary used in that book, as measured through eight different diversity indices. The exploratory analysis reveals a clear single shift in diversity, that is estimated through change-point techniques to be in chapter 382, and might indicate the existence of one main author writing about four fifths of the book, and of a second author finishing the last one fifth of the book. Before chapter 382, the language is richer and more diverse than after it.     

PSK/PPM组合信号

从强探测、高分辨、低截获和抗干扰角度出发,探索了一种相移键控(PSK)信号和脉冲位置调制(PPM)信号组合而成一种新的雷达信号PSK/PPM,给出了波形构造,推导了它的模糊函数。理论分析和大量的计算模拟表明组合信号具有大时宽带宽积(BT),BT相对于单一单制信号PPM提高Q倍,相对于PSK提高M倍,信号更具复杂性,且易于产生。     

“一体化、多层次”建立化学实验课程新体系——高师化学专业实验课程的改革方案

本文分析了原实验课程体系的主要问题,提出了改革的基本思路。阐述了由基础化学实验、化学合成实验、综合与设计实验三门实验课构成“一体化、多层次”实验教学的实验课程新体系及特点,突出学生创新能力的培养。