Changes in the association between job decision latitude and work engagement at different levels of work experience: A 10-year longitudinal study

ABSTRACT

This study set out to explore the effects of accumulating work experience on the association between job decision latitude and its interaction with job demands and work engagement. Our ten-year longitudinal study followed 333 junior physicians in postgraduate training at baseline. We used self-report measures in four assessment waves, and we conducted path analyses to investigate linear and curvilinear regression effects. Results show that high job decision latitude was associated with high work engagement at all levels of work experience, with strongest associations at baseline and after ten years. Only for novices did job decision latitude buffer the negative association between job demands and work engagement. At the stage of high work experience, low levels of job decision latitude were weakly associated with work engagement, whereas with higher levels of job decision latitude, the positive association seemed to strengthen. Our findings indicate that job decision latitude is a key job resource at all stages of work experience, with stronger effects among novices and experts. Organisations’ work design efforts should include job decision latitude to promote work engagement across employees’ different career stages, with consideration to job entrants and experts in order to tailor specific work design solutions.     

工作满意度对农村教师转行意向的影响--基于有序多分类Logistic回归模型的分析

教师转行流失是困扰我国当前农村教师队伍发展的重要因素之一,通过对农村教师转行意向及其相关影响因素的分析,能够为留住农村教师、稳定农村教师队伍提供预警信息。研究基于西北五省区516名农村教师的工作满意度调查数据,利用有序多分类Logistic回归分析了农村教师个体特征、工作满意度与其转行意向的关系,结果表明:农村教师满意度中的待遇、管理、人际、学生发展等4个维度中的大部分变量对教师转行意向有负向预测作用。据此,提出提高农村教师工作满意度、留住农村教师的3点建议:(1)待遇留人——依法提高农村教师收入;(2)环境留人——加强学校人文关怀;(3)服务留人——转变教育管理部门职能。     

农民工工作满意度的影响因素分析

本文通过对满意度研究文献的回顾，构建了4个影响农民工工作满意度的模型，并通过实证数据分析了他们对工作满意度的影响。结果显示教育状况、工作环境中的安全状况、劳动强度、工伤保险和自我认知状况等会显著影响工作满意度。以此为基础，本文试图去解释这些因素对工作满意度的影响机制。     

硕士毕业生的迁移就业与工作满意度

本文通过科技部中国科技促进发展研究中心一项硕士研究生就业研究的调查数据,实证分析了硕士毕业生迁移就业(包括离开户籍所在地和离开求学所在地)对他们各项工作满意度的影响。实证结果发现迁移显著提高了硕士毕业生非经济性方面的工作满意度,但并不能显著提高他们经济性方面的工作满意度;也就是说在短期目标而言,硕士毕业生做出迁移就业的决定更多是基于获取非经济性收益考虑的,这能够从侧面解释蜗居与北漂等社会现象。     

工科院校教师岗位业绩考核存在的问题和对策

针对当前工科院校教师岗位业绩考核多以数量和级别为导向、忽视学科间的差异性和片面追求功利及凸显行政化等问题,提出了实行定量与定性考核、注重教学和科研之间的平衡及实行分学科考核和预防教师学术上的功利化等对策。     

Improving the working environment for workers in children's welfare agencies

The working environment and workplace ecology of children's welfare agencies is important to the quality of their service provision. In the past, restructuring and professional development and training have been standard responses to changing needs and demands on children's services but have generally failed to improve the working environment. This research argues that concrete strategies can be developed from a detailed understanding of significant factors impacting on workers' satisfaction and morale. The specific stresses and rewards impacting on workers in three children's welfare services in Australia were investigated over a 12-month period to obtain preliminary information for the formulation of strategies likely to improve satisfaction and morale. The participating organizations were of different size, organizational structure, responsibilities and philosophy. Most factors identified in the study applied across the different organizations. Using a combination of journal writing, recording of critical incidents, relationship mapping and workshops, child welfare workers documented their day-to-day work experiences, outstanding events and networking activities. The narrative data were analysed using force field analysis and quasi-stationary equilibrium analysis based on a categorical framework of individual, team, organizational and political factors. Job satisfaction was strongly linked to intrinsic aspects of the work itself, that is, achieving outcomes for clients. Dissatisfaction with the job was strongly linked to organizational constraints, and strong team identification counterbalanced constraints. Largely unmentioned were political issues, professional practices and ideological and religious beliefs that undoubtedly impacted on practice. This research suggests some concrete steps to enhancing the quality of workplaces in children's welfare services.     

Benchmark Duration of Work Hours for Development of Fatigue Symptoms in Japanese Workers with Adjustment for Job‐Related Stress

The objective of this study was to calculate benchmark durations and lower 95% confidence limits for benchmark durations of working hours associated with subjective fatigue symptoms by applying the benchmark dose approach while adjusting for job‐related stress using multiple logistic regression analyses. A self‐administered questionnaire was completed by 3,069 male and 412 female daytime workers (age 18–67 years) in a Japanese steel company. The eight dependent variables in the Cumulative Fatigue Symptoms Index were decreased vitality, general fatigue, physical disorders, irritability, decreased willingness to work, anxiety, depressive feelings, and chronic tiredness. Independent variables were daily working hours, four subscales (job demand, job control, interpersonal relationship, and job suitability) of the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire, and other potential covariates. Using significant parameters for working hours and those for other covariates, the benchmark durations of working hours were calculated for the corresponding Index property. Benchmark response was set at 5% or 10%. Assuming a condition of worst job stress, the benchmark duration/lower 95% confidence limit for benchmark duration of working hours per day with a benchmark response of 5% or 10% were 10.0/9.4 or 11.7/10.7 (irritability) and 9.2/8.9 or 10.4/9.8 (chronic tiredness) in men and 8.9/8.4 or 9.8/8.9 (chronic tiredness) in women. The threshold amounts of working hours for fatigue symptoms under the worst job‐related stress were very close to the standard daily working hours in Japan. The results strongly suggest that special attention should be paid to employees whose working hours exceed threshold amounts based on individual levels of job‐related stress.     

中英文征婚广告语篇结构及语言特点分析

从“语域”概念出发,阐明了征婚广告在其特定语域下的特点,主要表现在语篇结构和语言特点上。同时也分析了作为一种社会行为,由于中西方文化、历史、价值观等的不同,中英文征婚广告在以上两个方面所表现出来的相似性和差异性。     

浅析大学生择业心理障碍及消解策略

对大学生择业的心理障碍进行分析研究,探索消除心理障碍的方法,对提高大学生心理素质,推动和促进大学生成功就业具有重要意义。     

现役士兵工作满意度与组织承诺的相关研究

采用组织承诺问卷和工作满意度问卷对268名现役士兵进行调查,结果表明,我军士兵表现出较高的工作满意度和更多的组织承诺,士兵的工作满意度和组织承诺具有显著正相关。进一步的回归分析表明,士兵的工作满意度能部分地预测其组织承诺水平。