Investment model predictions of workplace ostracism on K–12 teachers’ commitment to their schools and the profession of teaching

The purpose of this study was to determine how the ostracism of K-12 teachers influences their commitment to their schools and commitment to the teaching profession. The investment model was used to situate ostracism as a predictor of teacher commitment. Participants were 200 full-time K-12 teachers who completed a survey assessing their experiences with ostracism at work and investment model variables (i.e., investments, quality of alternatives, satisfaction, and commitment). Results confirmed investment model predictions with teachers’ investments, quality of alternatives, and satisfaction predicting their commitment to their schools and profession. Results of mediation models also demonstrated that controlling for teachers’ investments and quality of alternatives, ostracism predicted commitment indirectly through its effect on satisfaction. This study revealed that teacher commitment is explained by investment model predictions, but after controlling for those predictions, is further explained by ostracism from teacher colleagues.     

An exploratory study of early professional experiences and job burnout among BSW graduates in China

Although previous studies have addressed turnover issues among social workers in Western countries, this study explores the early professional experiences (during the first 3 working years) and job burnout among BSW graduates in China and identifies factors influencing their decisions to leave social work jobs. Using semi-structured interviews with 15 BSW graduates in the Shenzhen metropolitan area, this research identifies the primary reasons new social workers leave the profession. Data analysis revealed three themes: personal struggles, work environment issues, and social support factors. This exploratory study highlights the professional experiences and burnout among BSW graduates in China and has implications for social work education and professional practices.     

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme: A Policy Solution to Rural Poverty in India?

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) was developed by the Indian government to reduce rural poverty through 100 days of guaranteed employment per year. Using focus group methods, we explore whether this scheme has provided rights' based social protection through guaranteed employment for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and women in Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Odisha. We found that the experiences of participating in MGNREGA varied depending on how MGNREGA wages compared to market wages in the region, as well as local implementation of the program. Although MGNREGA offered some basic employment for marginalized groups, it did not provide substantial help to the most vulnerable. However, there was some evidence of small but significant shifts in labour relations. Higher wages, more opportunities for work, better implementation and a greater recognition of the caregiving responsibilities of women will be required for this policy to fully meet its goals.     

Coming Out and Job Satisfaction: A Moderated Mediation Model

Prior research suggests that the disclosure of sexual identity at work is not always significantly associated with job satisfaction. The authors investigated (a) the mediating role of workplace heterosexist climate in linking workplace outness with job satisfaction, and (b) the moderating role of anticipated discrimination in influencing the indirect and direct relationship between workplace outness and job satisfaction. This model was tested among 1,460 lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) employees in Italy. Results indicated that workplace heterosexist climate mediated relationships between workplace outness and job satisfaction. Anticipated discrimination moderated the relationships between LGB employees’ disclosure of their sexual identity and job satisfaction and between workplace heterosexist climate and job satisfaction. This moderated mediation model may assist researchers who aim to understand the complexity of the relationship between workplace outness and job satisfaction. In this regard, practitioners need to recognize the role played by workplace heterosexist climate and anticipated discrimination.     

社会主义新农村建设中基本公共服务均等化问题

社会主义新农村建设涉及农村居民生活的方方面面,公平有效的基本公共服务能为农村居民的生活和生产提供基础性保障。中国城乡分割二元体制以及公共服务供给机制不健全等,制约了基本公共服务均等化进程。在推进社会主义新农村建设的过程中,要加强关乎民生等基础公共性领域的制度安排,充分发挥财政转移支付的作用,加大对农村基本公共服务的投入,建立农民需求表达机制与政府回应机制,以及以政府为核心、多元参与的农村公共服务供给体系,实现基本公共服务均等化。     

反保证人的抗辩权

反保证人的抗辩权是指保证人因承担保证责任而成为债权人向反保证人提出请求承担反保证责任时 ,反保证人据以法定的事由享有的对抗保证人行使请求权的权利 ,反保证合同是主合同、保证合同的从合同。反保证人的抗辩权可分为三大类 :一类是反保证人享有的属于主债务人的抗辩权 ;二类是反保证人享有的保证人的专属抗辩权 ;三类是反保证人的专属抗辩权。     

基于保证金制度的信用担保体系研究

为解决中小企业融资难问题,文章构建了银行-担保公司-企业合作加政府支持的信用担保体系,使银行、担保公司、企业和政府通过担保费账号连接在一起,通过模拟期货保证金账号管理方法实现了保证金盯市制度。该模式降低了商业银行对中小企业贷款的信用风险,同时中小企业得到了所需的低成本资金,从根本上解决了我国中小企业融资难的问题。     

如何让“新农合”更好地保障农村贫困群体

通过对抽样问卷调查数据的分析,研究了“新农合”的参合状况。认为农民在参合过程中不存在“逆淘汰”问题。年纪越轻、家庭人均收入越高、身体越健康的群体,参加“新农合”的发生比也越高。但收入较低的贫困群体,却存在被住院费所屏蔽的风险。如何使“新农合”更好地保障农村贫困群体的健康,是未来政策改进中需要重点加强的问题。为此所提出的政策性建议,可以与学界和政府有关部门共享。     

地方高校本科法学教育存在的问题及解决对策

地方高校法学教育缺乏特色,又受到法学生源地域性的限制,难以适应依法治国对法律人才的需求,如何整合自身资源优势,因地制宜,成为地方院校教育改革之前卫内容。文章在分析了当前地方高校法学教育存在的问题之后,提出了一些改革建议,以期对地方高校法学教育,特别是山西法学教育有所裨益。     

构建高校助学体系的实践与思考

做好经济困难大学生的资助工作是贯彻《中共中央国务院关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见》文件精神的要求,结合高校构建资助和教育并举的助学体系的具体实践,论述了在助学工作中加强资助与教育相结合的重要意义,提出了确立国家助学贷款在高校助学体系中的主体地位,发挥勤工助学在高校助学体系中的导向功能,发挥多层次助学在高校助学体系中的补充作用和构建资助与教育相结合的国家助学体系等具体助学措施。