拐卖妇女、儿童罪的实行行为只有“拐卖”

刑法第240条第2款不是关于实行行为的规定,而是关于共犯行为的注意性规定,拐卖妇女、儿童罪的实行行为只有"拐卖";该罪的法益是被拐卖妇女、儿童的人身自由、生命、身体的安全及人格尊严;该罪以卖出即对被拐卖人支配的转移为既遂;该罪是即成犯;拐卖妇女、儿童罪与非法拘禁罪、收买被拐卖的妇女、儿童罪、拐骗儿童罪之间存在竞合关系。     

论经济犯罪的刑事诉讼治理

经济犯罪是犯罪领域中的一种特殊现象,在经济全球化的影响下,经济犯罪已成为我国刑事立法的重心。在法治发达国家,把经济犯罪作为一种轻罪,并在刑事诉讼中设置了特别程序和措施。我国治理经济犯罪起步较晚,尚未建立系统、有效的刑事诉讼治理模式。借鉴域外治理经济犯罪的经验,结合我国国情,在刑事诉讼中,尤其是在侦查程序、审判程序中,设置特殊的刑事诉讼程序是治理经济犯罪的有效措施。     

Situational Factors Related to Childhood Sexual Abuse in the Orthodox Jewish Community Among Adult and Juvenile Offenders

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to situational factors associated with childhood sexual abuse (CSA) to explain incidence of CSA, as well as to provide potential targets for prevention efforts. However, very few studies have examined situational factors associated with juvenile perpetration, despite juveniles composing a substantial proportion of offenders. In addition, no studies to our knowledge have applied a situational framework to CSA research in the Orthodox Jewish community (OJC). In the present study, we obtained data from therapists regarding 80 victims of CSA in the OJC from both the United States and Israel. We hypothesized that (a) more abusers’ first perpetration would be between ages 12 and 17 than between any other age range, which corresponds to increased sexual urges, as well as increased unsupervised access to minors; (b) among juvenile offenders, the time of day of the abuse would depend on the relationship of the offender to the victim; and (c) age of the victim and grooming strategies would be associated with the frequency of abuse. Our first two hypotheses were confirmed, and our third hypothesis was partially confirmed, as younger victims tended to have higher frequency of abuse. Additionally, we discuss possible implications of significant correlations found during exploratory analyses. Our results generally support the importance of considering culturally specific situational factors when studying or developing prevention efforts for CSA.     

论先实施暴力后临时起意取财行为的定性

对行为人先实施暴力行为后临时起意取财的行为该如何定性?理论上主要存在着"盗窃罪"与"抢劫罪"两种观点。最高院主张被害人尚未失去知觉时定为抢劫罪,被害人失去知觉或者死亡后定为盗窃罪。因为行为人先前暴力行为与后面取财行为具有关联性,所以应把二者结合在一起作为整体来评价。先前暴力行为与后面取财行为足以填充抢劫罪构成的客观方面,由手段行为(先前暴力行为的再利用)与目的行为(取财行为)构成完整的抢劫罪的实行行为。行为性质与被害人的状态无关,被害人的状态都是行为人先前暴力行为所直接导致的结果,不能因为被害人状态不同而做出不同的定性,而应将先实施暴力后临时起意取财行为统一定性为抢劫罪。     

侵犯少数民族风俗习惯罪中的几个问题研究

侵犯少数民族风俗习惯罪的规范目的为保护个体自主决定的权利和保护作为社群集合的少数民族的自由权利。在具体犯罪构成的认定上,侵犯行为应当确定为具有强制性的行为,犯罪主体应当为行使职务的国家机关工作人员。     

刑法目的新论

刑法目的是刑法学中的基础理论，对刑法立法和刑事司法具有重要的指导意义。我国学者对刑法目的的认识争议很大，有必要在理论上进一步厘清。无论何时何地，刑法都是统治阶级意志的体现，其目的是预防犯罪，维护统治。社会保护和人权保障是刑法进化过程中产生的双重机能，刑法目的与刑法机能不宜混淆。     

新时期大学生违法犯罪问题研究

新时期预防大学生违法犯罪问题,已成为影响我国社会健康、稳定和可持续发展的一个重要课题。针对大学生违法犯罪主体范围扩大、犯罪类型多样化、侵犯性权利的违法犯罪突出、呈现社会化趋势、违法犯罪的过程具有突发性、违法犯罪手段和方法具有高智能性、网络违法犯罪增多、贫困大学生违法犯罪增多等特点,从大学生自身、家庭、学校和社会多个方面分析其原因并寻找预防的对策,是一种有效的预防方法。     

Predicting bias homicide across victim groups: A county-level analysis

Outside several notable exceptions, few studies have examined variations in bias crime occurrences across American communities, and how community-level factors may differentially shape violent and non-violent bias crimes across victim groups. Drawing from ecological theories of crime, this study asks, (1) what are the structural predictors of the likelihood of bias homicide occurrences? and (2) how do structural predictors differ across bias victim groups? To answer these questions, data on bias homicide are derived from the United States Extremist Crime Database (ECDB) for the years 1990 through 2014 and paired with socio- structural variables from the United States Census Bureau. Results are discussed relative to the goals of understanding where fatal bias crimes are more likely to occur as a means of informing law enforcement and policymakers interested in preventing and responding to this specific form of crime.     

The Birth of Modern Criminology and Gendered Constructions of Homosexual Criminal Identity

There is a dearth of engagement with LGBTQ populations, and sexual orientation and gender identity more broadly, in the field of criminology. This article analyzes the treatment of sexual orientation and gender identity at the birth of the discipline around the 1870s. Through an analysis of Cesare Lombroso’s writings, the article argues that a multifaceted stigma of deviance attached to homosexuality and gender nonconformity in early criminological theory. The article explains this multifaceted stigma in terms of broader political, social, cultural, and legal developments before and during the late nineteenth century that shaped modern Western conceptions of sexual orientation and gender identity.     

Fear of violence during armed conflict: Social roles and responsibilities as determinants of fear

This article investigates the prevalence and determinants of fear as a consequence of living through armed conflict. We use survey data from Nepal during the armed conflict (1996–2006) to examine how trauma, sex and gender, age, marriage, and household size affect fear of violence. We also disaggregate types of worry, and find substantial variance on whether respondents were more concerned about livelihood consequences of conflict than physical danger. We supplement quantitative analyses with discussion of in-depth interviews from the study area on these same topics. Overall, our results highlight the enduring impact of gender roles in Nepal and that conflict might disproportionately affect those who are already vulnerable and have greater social responsibilities. This article provides a unique comparison between fear of violence during armed conflict in a low-income country to the fear of crime literature based in high-income countries.