A Measure of Dependence Between Two Compositions

We consider the problem of describing the correlation between two compositions. Using a bicompositional Dirichlet distribution, we calculate a joint correlation coefficient, based on the concept of information gain, between two compositions. Numerical values of the joint correlation coefficient are calculated for compositions of two and three components, respectively. We also present an estimator of the joint correlation coefficient for a sample from a bicompositional Dirichlet distribution. Two confidence intervals are presented and we examine their empirical confidence coefficients using a Monte Carlo study. Finally, we apply the estimator to a data set analysing the joint correlation between the 1967 and 1997, and the 1977 and 1997 compositions of the government gross domestic product for the 50 states of the USA and the District of Columbia.     

清代边疆舆地赋的征实性——以《西藏等三边赋》为例

有清一代,边疆舆地赋的创作蔚然大观,其代表为《西藏等三边赋》,突出地体现了征实的性质和特点,与此相联系,向来被视为地理著作。其征实性,不但体现在作者的意识上,还体现在赋作的内容上。其之所以具有强烈的征实性,原因概略有四:一是与清代地理学思潮的兴起有关,二是受当时学术风气尤其是考据学的影响,三是作者本身就是地理学者,四是作者都亲历过边疆地区。而清代边疆舆地赋的征实性,贯穿了强烈的边疆意识和经世思想。     

The debate over the joint parental responsibility model in Hong Kong

Hong Kong's Law Reform Commission recommended the joint parental responsibility model into Hong Kong's family law in 2005. A public consultation on whether to implement the model by legislative means was launched in late 2011. An Internet search and secondary analysis of public opinion about the model and its legislation was conducted. It was found that stakeholders held diverse opinions on the legislation of the model. The greatest concern is over the inadequate support to facilitate a workable relationship between separated/divorced parents, and the methods used in protecting victims of domestic violence from ongoing abuse due to the continuous contact with the abusive parent necessitated by the model. Non-resident parents are invisible in the debate. Their absence in the debate has made the consultation a partial and incomplete one, though it saves the discussion from a gender competition between fathers' rights and mothers' rights. Taking a historical and comparative perspective, this paper makes a comprehensive review of the debate in Hong Kong, with reference to the debate at an international level. Implications to the social work profession and social work practice are discussed.     

国内外社会信用奖惩机制对上海的启示

上海社会信用奖惩机制进一步完善的方向:要完善"一处守信,处处受益;一处失信,处处受制"的社会诚信体系;要更新和完善信用立法及相关管理制度;要大力推动公共联合征信平台的建设、完善和推广应用;要积极培育和壮大信用服务业。     

黄浦江上游死猪漂浮事件引发的对跨界环境灾害治理的思考

上海与江浙周边地区对跨界环境灾害突发事件的联防联控,不仅事关上海城市民生和社会稳定的大计,还涉及长三角区域环境生态的共同治理保护、区域一体化的制度建设、区域可持续发展等一系列经济、社会、环境生态重大问题的解决。上海应建立跨界环境灾害联防联控的相应组织机构与协调机制,提升针对跨界环境灾害的应对能力,牵头开展长三角环境灾害共同治理的重点专题研究,主动参与源头地区环境灾害的共同治理和共同防范。     

Pop Goes the Woozle: Being Misled by Research on Child Custody and Parenting Plans

Mental health professionals, lawyers, and judges whose work involves child custody decisions are often presented with social science research on issues related to which parenting plan is in the children’s best interests. Unfortunately, this research can be misrepresented in ways that mislead these professionals and the children’s parents, leading to child custody decisions that are not the most beneficial for the children. The process of misrepresenting the research in ways that create myths and misconceptions has been referred to as woozling. This article describes how social science data can be woozled, illustrating this with examples related to parenting plans for children under the age of 5 whose parents have separated.     

Shared Parenting After Divorce: A Review of Shared Residential Parenting Research

One of the most complex and compelling issues confronting policymakers, parents, and the family court system is what type of parenting plan is most beneficial for children after their parents' divorce. How much time should children live with each parent? An increasing number of children are living with each parent at least 35% of the time in shared residential parenting families: How are these children and their parents faring? In what ways, if any, do divorced parents who share the residential parenting differ from parents whose children live almost exclusively with their mother? How stable are shared residential parenting plans? By reviewing the existing studies on shared parenting families, these questions are addressed.     

Shared Physical Custody: Summary of 40 Studies on Outcomes for Children

One of the most complex and compelling issues confronting policymakers, parents, and professionals involved in making custody decisions is this: What type of parenting plan is most beneficial for the children after their parents separate? More specifically, are the outcomes any better or worse for children who live with each parent at least 35% of the time compared to children who live primarily with their mother and spend less than 35% of the time living with their father? This article addresses this question by summarizing the 40 studies that have compared children in these two types of families during the past 25 years. Overall the children in shared parenting families had better outcomes on measures of emotional, behavioral, and psychological well-being, as well as better physical health and better relationships with their fathers and their mothers, benefits that remained even when there were high levels of conflict between their parents.     

Military Invasion and Women's Political Representation

The bodies produced by the violent practice of suicide bombing are a source of horror and disgust. They are, in feminist psychoanalyst Julia Kristeva's concept, abject: that which defies borders and is expelled to create the self. As ‘abject bodies’, suicide bombers' bodies frustrate attempts at calculation and rational control of security risks, and, in their mutilated flesh, expose as unstable the idea of the body as a whole with clearly defined boundaries between inside and outside. Female suicide bombers, whose bodies are already considered ‘abject’, produce a politics of the body that exceeds narratives of victimhood, and whose very monstrosity symbolically threatens the foundations of the nation-state. Attempts at constructing subjects out of the mutilated bodily remains of victims and perpetrators of suicide bombings are key practices in the production of the state and gendered subjects. The practice of suicide bombing and efforts to recover and resignify bodies reveals how power molds and constitutes the border of the body and state simultaneously. The explosive body of the suicide bomber thus has destabilizing effects beyond the motivations of its perpetrators and exposes the political work necessary to maintain the illusion of secure, bounded bodies and states.     

国际贸易背景下专利权用尽原则探究——兼论平行进口问题

权利用尽原则是立法者在平衡知识产权人专有权和社会公众利益的基础上提出的。作为对权利人行使专有权的有效限制,该原则首先由美国司法机关提出,随后得到许多大陆法系国家的援引。尽管世界各国在其实践中普遍采用了专利权用尽原则,但不同国家对专利权用尽原则的法律基础有不同的理解,产生种种不同的理论,导致对类似案件的处理出现不一致的结论。由于专利权用尽原则以及与此相关的平行进口问题对世界各国利益有重要影响,借鉴各国经验对我国国际贸易中产品的进出口以及我国专利法相关条文的完善具有重要意义。