The elites’ collective subjectivities of the history of ethnic politics in Malaysia

ABSTRACT

Malaysia is one of the multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multi-religious countries in Southeast Asia. Due to the pluralistic nature of Malaysia, it has a political structure based on ethnic politics. The ethnic preferential policies affected most domains of this country. The objective of this article is to examine the origin and background of ethnic politics in Malaysia. Findings of this study indicate that, ethnic politics originated during the British colonial period, it became a tool used by the Barisan Nasional for the legitimacy of regime. Moreover, ethnic politics in Malaysia today is intertwined with religion. Besides, there is the dilemma of the choice between the interest of certain ethnic group and national interests. However, with the opposition coalition Pakatan Harapan won the election in 9th May, UMNO-led BN lost power and interrupted its 61 years control, which leaves us an interesting topic to think about the future of Malaysian ethnic politics.     

Determinants of consistent,timely, and active responses in corporate crises

This paper investigates the individual and combined factors affecting the extent to which corporations respond to crisis events consistently, in a timely manner, and actively. The determinants examined include public relations autonomy, legal dominance, strategic orientation, and organizational factors. A survey was conducted of communications mangers, public affairs personnel, and public relations personnel, drawn from the top 500 companies operating in Taiwan. Results indicate that the relative effect of individual sources of influence on crisis response is greatest for situations in which public relations departments have the most autonomy, followed by those where crisis management is handled with a strategic orientation, those where the legal departments dominate, and those where organizational factors provide the main avenue of address. The results emphasize the intriguing role of public relations autonomy by demonstrating its significant impact on providing a consistent, timely, and active crisis response. The strategic orientation of situation analysis also predicts a consistent response, whereas legal dominance predicts strategic ambiguity or inconsistent communication.     

法院公共政策形成功能的学理探析

对法院的公共政策功能进行概述,从学理层面就法院公共政策形成功能的原因展开论述,重点探讨了理性主义与经验主义、司法克制与司法能动与法院公共政策功能的关系,并分析了法院公共政策功能在现代社会图景下的必要性,进而得出法院公共政策形成功能对于法治社会的意义。     

权威重构:司法公开机制的新视角

从新意识形态研究范式论证司法公开正当性成为人们的惯常路径,其最大问题是忽视司法公开及其保障机制背后的非法律因素、资源配置或司法体制方面的问题.实际上,司法公开成为一种司法技艺.通过赋予程序选择权、参与权,司法公开机制勾连当事人和社会公众力量互动,最终激活了司法机关权威的“重生”.     

法院执行效果的真实改善和非真实改善——影响判决执行效果的两种机制

本文希望解释什么原因造成中国法院近十年来的“执行难”。对某法院大约5000个审判和执行数据的实证研究表明,造成法院“执行难”的原因既包括法院内部的执行不力,也包括法院外部因素,比如国有资产管理对当事人选择司法执行程序的刚性约束。被研究法院执行效果的相对改善,既反映了近年来司法改革和法院努力的成果,同时也包含了法院外部因素变化使“质量”更好的案件进入执行程序从而带来的执行效果“改善”。法院内部和外部两种因素的作用对象和机制完全不同,外部因素带来的执行效果的改善是不真实的改善：虽然某些执行效果的司法统计指标变得更好看了,但实际执行效果并未真正提高。与之相反。司法改革带来的执行效果的改善是真实的改善：它不是司法统计指标的简单变化,而是实实在在的司法效率的提高和执行结果的改善。     

加强判决释理与我国法官职业保障体系的构筑

一个国家司法制度的状况,根本上取决于运行这一制度的人,尤其是法官,法官的专业水准和道德素养,在很大程度上决定了司法制度是否公正、有效地运作,决定了判决释理的水平。所以切实提高法官自身素养、加快法官制度改革,是我国现行司法改革的一个重要环节,也是提高裁判说服力和公信力的重要途径。     

论知识产权保护双轨制的冲突及协调

知识产权保护在我国存在行政管理和司法救济两种方式,双轨制的保护模式有其正当理由,体现了我国的国情特色,也符合有关国际公约要求.知识产权保护双轨制的冲突分为显性冲突和隐性冲突两种,现行法律规则使得冲突具有可能性.解决双轨制冲突的根本出路在于设立专门性的知识产权上诉法院.知识产权上诉法院的设立存在一定的制度障碍,但是这些障碍可以有效克服.     

司法与行政:中国司法行政化及其检讨

司法行政化是中国司法改革的重大阻碍和重要对象 ,它也是研究司法改革“中端”层面的很好切入。本文从中国司法行政化的宏观观察、症结分析和克服对策三个方面全面阐述了一条新的司法改革路径     

Innovative approaches to regulating decent work for domestic workers in Côte d'Ivoire: Labour administration and the judiciary under a general labour code

The authors offer a contextualized analysis of judicial decisions rendered during 1971–2013 in Côte d'Ivoire, where domestic work is regulated by a general labour code. Assessments of those decisions, alongside qualitative interviews of institutional actors, elucidate how innovative practices were mainly derived from the code by attentive inspectors and by jurisprudence evolving to treat domestic work like any other. Yet limitations emanating from the inability to grapple with the specificity of domestic work are also identified. Reaffirming that the regulation of domestic work must embrace its duality (work like any other and work like no other), the authors conclude with a call for an international community of learning on decent work for domestic workers.     

Women Rule: Gendered Leadership and State Supreme Court Chief Justice Selection

ABSTRACT

While women are underrepresented in many political institutions and leadership positions, nearly half of state supreme court chief justices are women. Is there something about the role of state supreme court justice that facilitates the recruitment of women to this important political position? We examine whether the selection of a woman chief is driven by the court’s institutional need for women’s leadership style or simply the supply of qualified justices. We find that ideological diversity drives demand for a woman chief. A supply of experienced women justices also has a significant impact on likelihood of selection.