高校开设犯罪心理与自卫防身课程的价值与方案探讨

文章从理论层面和前瞻性角度分析论述了在市场化、智能化、信息化、国际化的社会发展中，论述了高校开设犯罪心理与自卫防身课程的必要性、可行性。同时对开设此类课程的方案进行了探讨。     

美国少年司法变迁中的正当法律程序改革及其借鉴

美国传统少年司法曾经长期不受正当法律程序的约束,这样的特例被认为是为了有利于保证罪错少年获得最有利的处遇。但这样的观念和实践在1967年高尔特案件后开始改变,罪错少年也逐步获得了类似成年罪犯那样的正当法律程序权利的保障。与美国少年司法进行正当法律程序改革之前相似,中国目前对于具有严重不良行为的少年的处置,同样基本上没有任何正当法律程序的保障,这样的状况急需改变。     

诈欺不法原因给付财物与利益之刑法分析

诈欺基于不法原因给付的财物或者财产性利益的场合下是否成立诈骗罪,德国、日本和我国的立法、判例和学说都有所不同。在诈欺的对象是财物的场合下,基于不法原因给付的财物在因诈欺行为交付之前,也是民事法上保护的对象等原因,应当肯定诈骗罪的成立。在诈欺的对象是财产性利益的场合下,不法利益本身并非民事法上应当得到保护的利益,不应得到刑法保护,应否定财产罪的成立。     

Changes in At-Risk American Men's Crime and Substance Use Trajectories Following Fatherhood

Fatherhood can be a turning point in development and in men's crime and substance use trajectories. At-risk boys (N = 206) were assessed annually from ages 12 to 31 years. Crime, arrest, and tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use trajectories were examined. Marriage was associated with lower levels of crime and less frequent substance use. Following the birth of a first biological child, men's crime trajectories showed slope decreases, and tobacco and alcohol use trajectories showed level decreases. The older men were when they became fathers, the greater the level decreases were in crime and alcohol use and the less the slope decreases were in tobacco and marijuana use. Patterns are consistent with theories of social control and social timetables.     

未成年人犯罪案件社会调查制度冷思考

藉由基层司法机关之推动,大量运行于我国司法实践的未成年人犯罪案件社会调查制度面临诸多问题:合法性不足及其衍生的制度异化;调查过程走过场与调查结论不可靠;调查报告的肤浅粗放与调查结论的格式化;调查报告影响下的过分量刑迁就和盲目轻刑化.只有科学的制度设计才能彻底解决这些问题,社会调查制度才能回归其本义,也才可能在少年司法中发挥其应有的积极效用.     

The Guidance Function of Cases of Misappropriation of Public Funds in Transitional China—With the Reference to Criminal Trial of the Supreme People’s Court of China as a Sample of Analysis

相对于贪污、受贿等传统型腐败犯罪, 挪用公款罪不是常态性罪名, 而是针对社 会转型刑法应对的成果。该罪的立法、司法过程中存在着诸多纠结, 这使得判例参考 的价值凸显。最高人民法院十分重视对该罪判例的公布, 这为现实裁决提供了指导和 参考作用。最近10年所公布挪用公款罪判例折射出司法的重心是: 注重主体身份的实 质公务性、从形式合理性理解“归个人使用”、慎重解释“公款”的内涵。判例公布 在有利于同案同判的同时, 也成为促进理论与实践的助推器。

关键词: 腐败犯罪 挪用公款 社会转型 判例 ?刑事审判参考?

Compared with the traditional offenses of embezzlement, bribe-taking and so on, the misappropriation of public funds is not a routine charge but a result of the response of criminal law to social transition. The fact that a number of difficulties have arisen in legislative and judicial procedures relating to this offense makes the value of case reference material significant. The Supreme People’s Court of China attaches great importance to the publication of cases of misappropriation of public funds, which offer guidance and reference for real-life adjudication. Cases publicized in the last decade reflect a judicial emphasis—they focus on the official nature of the duties performed by the subject, on understanding “for individual use” from the viewpoint of formal rationality and on a cautious interpretation of the connotations of “public funds.” Publicizing such cases facilitates reaching the same verdict in similar cases and at the same time acts as a catalyst for the advancement of theory and practice.     

两岸民用航空犯罪司法管辖权问题研究

海峡两岸的司法管辖权从对峙走向交流,经历了曲折的反复。两岸的法律制度,也沿着两条不同的轨迹发展。虽同属于大陆法系,但不同的历史发展铸就了两个不同类型的法域。这样的隔阂,必然会阻碍两岸的司法交流。基于这个缺陷,从国际民用航空违法犯罪的司法管辖权这一制度出发,介绍了大陆以及台湾民用航空违法犯罪的司法管辖权,并从两岸管辖权的比较入手,分析了两岸民用航空违法犯罪的司法管辖权异议,提出了异议的解决途径。     

A group‐based module for adolescents to improve motivation to change sexually abusive behaviour

This article describes a group‐based intervention for adolescents specifically designed to improve motivation to change sexually abusive behaviour. The intervention is intended to be used as a single module within a comprehensive treatment programme based on cognitive behavioural and relapse prevention principles. It utilizes the Prochaska and DiClemente ( 1983 , 1986 ) model of the stages of change and Morrison's ( 1998 ) seven steps in contemplating change. We have combined these two models to produce ‘11 Steps of Motivation and Action in Changing Sexually Abusive Behaviour’. These 11 steps form the foundation of the intervention. In this paper we describe how we use the 11 steps, with accompanying illustrative vignettes and question cards describing juvenile sexual abusers at various points along the continuum of change, in order to promote the acceptance of responsibility for abusive behaviour and the development of skills to prevent reoffending. Examples of the vignettes are provided, along with a discussion of how they can be used to motivate change, develop healthy group norms in treatment and set individual goals for clients. Finally, we highlight the possibility of future applications of this intervention with male adult abusers, adolescent and adult female abusers, parents groups, significant other groups, individual clients and children with sexually aggressive behaviour. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Neighborhood Organizations and Resident Assistance to Police1

Police and scholars note that successful crime fighting requires police and residents to “co‐produce” public safety. However, residents are often reluctant to get involved in policing initiatives or even report crimes they witness. One possible means of stimulating resident involvement in crime‐control activities is through neighborhood organizations. This research, conducted on 1,313 residents of 42 neighborhoods in western South Carolina, investigates whether neighborhood organization participation increases the likelihood of assisting police in crime‐control efforts. Results indicate that organization participants are more likely to assist police than are nonparticipants, even after controlling for social cohesion, perceptions of police legitimacy, various policing strategies, fear of crime, and demographic factors.     

The Changing Face of Public Adoption Practice

ABSTRACT

A study analyzing the workload of California's public adoption workers revealed how much adoption practice in the public sector has changed in recent years. Using focused discussion groups, this study found that compared to practice of an earlier time, (1) children available for placement come from more problematic families and are more difficult to place; (2) some decisions traditionally with the domain of adoptions are now being made by other social workers; and (3) increased oversight by the judicial system has had several unanticipated consequences, including adoption work taking on a “paralegal” quality and judges making traditional casework decisions.