An Integrated Methodology for Assessment and Selection of the Project Risk Response Actions

In a systematic process of project risk management, after risk assessment is implemented, the risk analysts encounter the phase of assessment and selection of the project risk response actions (RA). As indicated by many researchers, there are less systematic and well-developed solutions in the area of risk response assessment and selection. The present article introduces a methodology including a modeling approach with the objective of selecting a set of RA that minimizes the undesirable deviation from achieving the project scope. The developed objective function comprises the three key success criteria of a project, namely, time, quality, and cost. Our model integrates overall project management into the project risk response planning (P2RP). Furthermore, the proposed model stresses on an equivalent importance for both "risk" and "response." We believe that applying the proposed model helps the project risk analyst in most effective and efficient manner dealing with his or her complicated RA selection problems. The application of the proposed model was implemented in projects in the construction industry in which it showed tremendous time, cost, and quality improvements.     

比较竞争优势人才培养中的几个关系——对“错位竞争”发展的思考

当前,高校间竞争日益激烈,而竞争取胜的基础在于人才培养的质量,重要策略在于走＂错位竞争＂发展道路,而错位竞争发展的前提是培养的人才必须具有比较竞争优势。比较竞争优势人才的培养必须在人才培养体系设置和过程中充分考虑＂虚＂与＂实＂、＂内＂与＂外＂、＂远＂与＂近＂、＂强＂与＂特＂、＂新＂与＂旧＂、＂真＂与＂用＂等几个关系。     

竞争法于电力产业之适用——以台湾为例

台湾从1995年进行电力改革,如开放民间设立电厂,制造竞争环境,引进竞争机制。但是。台湾电力产业改革路途中面临阻力--《电业法》的大幅度的修订未能顺利完成。针对产业经济之竞争,台湾予1991年已制定一部竞争法,在具有竞争机制的《电业法》未通过前,现行的竞争法可否适用于电力产业可能产生争议。从德国电力自由化之经验得知,竞争法豁免之明确规定可以避免该法与电业法之冲突。     

政府干预、市场竞争对内部治理机制的影响——基于结构方程模型的路径分析

政府干预和市场竞争对企业的监督、激励和决策等内部治理机制有重要影响,这些影响效应在国有企业和私营企业两类不同所制形式的企业中有不同的表现。政府和市场除了对企业内部治理机制有直接影响外,还会通过政策法规途径对其施加影响。本文研究结论的政策含义是,中国企业公司治理问题的解决有赖于政府行为的改善和市场化水平的提高。     

基于生化技能竞赛的《现代仪器分析》课程教学改革与实践

根据广东省大学生科技节生化技能竞赛(高职组)的需要,采用基于检测分析过程的项目教学模式,在高职《现代仪器分析》课程的教学内容、教学形式、考核方式等方面进行了改革,提高了学生的学习积极性,增强了学生团队合作的意识,给学生创造了更多的动手实践机会.     

体大失思 白璧显瑕——《法律文本与法律翻译》评述

＂十五＂国家重点图书《法律文本与法律翻译》体大思精,译文质量可圈可点。然而该书在观点、法律知识点、参考译文质量和内容编排四方面的瑕疵也颇明显,特此提出,以飨作者与读者。     

Effects of spatio-temporal intervals between newly-hatched larvae on larval survival and development inMonochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

The effects of distance between hatching larvae on survival and development were investigated inMonochamus alternatus. Two newly-hatched larvae were inoculated intoPinus densiflora bolts at a distance of 2.5 cm or 10 cm, simultaneously or at an interval of 2 weeks. Some larvae were inoculated singly as a control. When larvae were inoculated simultaneously, mortality of the closely-inoculated larvae was significantly higher than that of distantly-inoculated larvae. Such high mortality was identified as due to conspecific bites. When the two larvae were inoculated asynchronously, the first-inoculated larvae killed some second-inoculated larvae but were never killed by them. Consequently, mortality was higher in second-inoculated larvae than in first-inoculated larvae. In particular, there was a significant difference in mortality between them when the larvae had been inoculated closely. The mortality of second-inoculated larvae was higher in the closely-inoculated group than in the distantly-inoculated group although there was no significant difference between them. In the case of two simultaneously-inoculated larvae, the initial distance between them had no significant effect on the development and growth in the early larval stage. When the larvae were inoculated asynchronously, the first-inoculated larvae grew more quickly than singly-inoculated control larvae.     

Corporate competition: A self-organized network

A substantial number of studies have extended the work on universal properties in physical systems to complex networks in social, biological, and technological systems. In this paper, we present a complex networks perspective on interfirm organizational networks by mapping, analyzing and modeling the spatial structure of a large interfirm competition network across a variety of sectors and industries within the United States. We propose two micro-dynamic models that are able to reproduce empirically observed characteristics of competition networks as a natural outcome of a minimal set of general mechanisms governing the formation of competition networks. Both models, which utilize different approaches yet apply common principles to network formation give comparable results. There is an asymmetry between companies that are considered competitors, and companies that consider others as their competitors. All companies only consider a small number of other companies as competitors; however, there are a few companies that are considered as competitors by many others. Geographically, the density of corporate headquarters strongly correlates with local population density, and the probability two firms are competitors declines with geographic distance. We construct these properties by growing a corporate network with competitive links using random incorporations modulated by population density and geographic distance. Our new analysis, methodology and empirical results are relevant to various phenomena of social and market behavior, and have implications to research fields such as economic geography, economic sociology, and regional economic development.     

Requirement or Promise? An Analysis of the First‐Mover Advantage in Quality Contracting

Quality contracting is critical and challenging due to the many unique issues related to quality. In this study, we analyze the first‐mover right in quality contracting by considering two different strategies for the buyer: the quality requirement strategy (QR) where buyer moves first by posting quality requirement to suppliers and quality promise strategy (QP) where buyer voluntarily gives up the first‐mover right to suppliers to ask them to promise quality. We study which strategy (1) better encourages suppliers' quality improvement efforts and (2) leads to a higher expected profit for the buyer. To analyze the drivers behind the buyer's choice between QR and QP, we start with the basic model where buyer faces only one supplier who has the opportunity to make quality improvements. We then gradually add other business features such as information asymmetry and supplier competition, analyzing how each feature adds/changes the driving forces and how they interact in the buyer's decision between QR and QP. We consider both the case where the wholesale price is fixed (when the buyer has the power to dictate price or price is set by the market) and the case where the wholesale price is included as a variable (when price is part of the negotiation). We find that QP always leads to the first‐best quality efforts from the supplier(s) while QR limits their efforts. However, this does not guarantee higher expected profit for the buyer under QP. We provide insightful guidelines in buyer's choice between QP and QR. This research enriches the limited literature on quality contracting with quality improvement opportunity and asymmetric information.     

论少数民族预科教育的历史生态

研究少数民族预科教育的历史生态,揭示其依生之美、竞生之美、共生之美三大审美范式,有利于掌握少数民族预科教育的发展规律,进一步完善和发展少数民族预科教育.