Responding to economic change in remote, rural regions: federal installations in Idaho and Washington

The federal government's massive spending on nuclear weapons materials and research generated tens of thousands of jobs and pumped billions of dollars into a small number of regions during the 1940s and 1950s. This concentration of financial and physical resources caused the almost overnight formation of small urban centers in what formerly had been remote, rural areas, and made the economies of the regions that surround the two physically largest sites at Hanford and INEEL heavily dependent on nuclear-related government funding. With the end of the Cold War and global agreement to reduce nuclear arsenals, most of these facilities have been made obsolete. More than 10,000 jobs have been recently eliminated and thousands more were lost at private companies providing support services to these facilities and the displaced workers and their families. Further reductions will likely occur within the next 7–10 years. Our research looked at how local leaders in the still largely rural regions surrounding these two Department of Energy (DOE) sites responded to these economic changes, how have the communities reacted to the likelihood that these facilities would never again be a significant economic engine for the region, and what actions are being taken to reduce the impact of significant DOE cutbacks expected in the future? The results raise critical questions regarding the long-term economic future of the two regions and whether a more aggressive multi-faceted effort is required to stave off a long-term decline.     

The Folk Theorem for Games with Private Almost‐Perfect Monitoring

We prove the folk theorem for discounted repeated games under private, almost‐perfect monitoring. Our result covers all finite, n‐player games that satisfy the usual full‐dimensionality condition. Mixed strategies are allowed in determining the individually rational payoffs. We assume no cheap‐talk communication between players and no public randomization device.     

变频调速技术在中央空调系统改造中的应用和节能效果分析

通过对中央空调系统运行过程的分析,指出能耗大的根本原因.介绍了变频调速技术在中央空调系统改造中的应用,通过计算说明其节能效果和经济效益.     

多层复形法在摩擦消能支撑参数优化的应用

讨论基于结构弹塑性时程分析的摩擦消能支撑参数优化方法,通过约束条件限制结构体系在整个地震时程中的最大层间位移角和层间侧移延性比,用多层复形法对摩擦消能支撑参数进行优化。由于多层复形法全部优化过程都是在可行域内进行,所以得出的优化结果必然满足约束条件.     

Great Expectations. Part I: On the Customizability of Generalized Expected Utility

We propose a generalization of expected utility that we call generalized EU (GEU), where a decision maker’s beliefs are represented by plausibility measures and the decision maker’s tastes are represented by general (i.e., not necessarily real-valued) utility functions. We show that every agent, “rational” or not, can be modeled as a GEU maximizer. We then show that we can customize GEU by selectively imposing just the constraints we want. In particular, we show how each of Savage’s postulates corresponds to constraints on GEU.     

Private Information and the ‘Information Function’: A Survey of Possible Uses

Under certain conditions private information can be a source of trade. Arbitrage for instance can occur as a result of the existence of private information. In this paper we want to explicitly model information. To do so we define an ‘information function’. This information function is a mathematical object, also known as a so called ‘wave function’. We use the definition of wave function as it is used in quantum mechanics and we attempt to show the usefulness of this wave function in an economic context. We attempt to answer the following questions. How does the information function relate to private information? How can we use the information function to define the ‘quantity’ of information? How can we use the information function in arbitrage-based option pricing? How can the information function be used in the formulation of a so called Universal Brownian motion?     

民族图形中的生命之美

民族图形洋溢着生命之美,文章探讨了生命形态本身在整体感、秩序感、运动规律方面的审美特征及其与民族图形审美特征的深层次相关性,将民族图形生命之美的根源归结到“天人合一”宇宙系统模式和与之相适应的审美价值观,而民族图形是这种观念在具体造物活动中的投射。在此基础上文章着重探讨了民族图形中完满统一、和谐、气韵流动等突出反映生命之美的造型特色。     

后金融危机时期油价走势与东北亚能源战略合作

文章用随机数学模型讨论了后金融危机时期的油价走势,指出国际原油价格继续走高,且有可能出现新一轮油价暴涨,由此亚洲溢价问题会变得更为突出。面对严峻的共同问题,东北亚各国加强能源合作已势在必行,合作则共赢,暗争则互损。导致亚洲溢价产生的根本原因在于亚洲(尤其是东北亚地区)对中东石油的过度依赖。解决亚洲溢价问题的根本出路在于寻求新的油气进口源地,使东北亚石油进口来源多元化、分散化,并建立起东北亚能源安全的多边合作机制,从根本上解决亚洲溢价问题,开拓泛丝路能源通道对东北亚能源安全具有重要的战略意义。     

A semidefinite programming study of the Elfving theorem

The theorem of Elfving is one of the most important and earliest results which have led to the theory of optimal design of experiments. This paper presents a fresh study of it from the viewpoint of modern semidefinite programming. There is one-to-one correspondence between solutions of the derived semidefinite programming problem (SDP) and c-optimal designs. We also derive a uniqueness theorem which ensures a unique optimal design without assuming the linear independence property over the largest set of supporting points. The SDP can also be cast as an ?₁‐convex program which has recently been extensively studied and often yields sparse solutions. Our numerical experiments on the trigonometric regression model confirm that the SDP does produce a sparse optimal design.     

关于“十二五”时期我国节能环保体制创新的思考

体制创新是节能环保事业顺利推进的制度保障。我国经济已经进入高速发展时期,传统的能源利用方式已对环境造成了极大的压力,有的地方甚至突破了其生态承载力,经济社会发展出现不可持续现象。总体而言,我国节能环保体制需要从宗旨定位、前提、关键、基础环节和出发点五个方面进行创新。