简论面向21世纪的人力资本发展战略

21世纪是知识经济时代,知识将成为所创造财富要素中最基本、最有效的生产要素,人力资源成为生产要素中最稀缺的资源。人力资本同物质资本一样,是通过投资形成的,教育是实现人力资源高素质化的主要途径。教育的作用表现为,一是发展全面教育是人力资本发展战略的基石;二是发展职业培训,实行终身教育是人力资本发展战略的主要内容;三是大力发展高等教育是人力资本发展的关键;四是以人为本,提高人力资源利用效率是人力资本发展战略的归宿。     

大学适应知识经济发展的使命--大学创新与发展研究之二

随着知识经济时代的来临,知识对经济增长的贡献率日益加大。与此相适应,集教学、科研和社会服务于一体的大学,从过去经济社会发展的边缘地带转移到中心位置,其主要使命就是有机整合知识信息的创造、加工、传播和利用,培养和造就一批又一批高素质人才,科学引导经济、社会可持续发展。大学适应知识经济时代的使命必须实现四大根本性转变一是从精英高等教育向大众高等教育转变;二是从终结性教育向作为终身教育的一环转变;三是从狭窄的专业教育向综合素质教育转变;四是从封闭、被动式教育向开放、主动式教育转变。     

在公共行政的演进中看行政伦理研究的实践意义

行政伦理研究是一个新兴的科学领域,是一项适应公共行政的发展需要和体现了历史发展趋势的科学研究,也是实践性很强的理论建构工作。从公共行政的发展历程来看,特别是在从工业社会向后工业社会的转型过程中,行政伦理研究变得越来越重要。因为,公共行政的实践向行政伦理研究提出了迫切要求,需要通过行政伦理研究来解决那些在“政治路径”、“科学路径”和“市场路径”中都无法解决的现实问题。但是,就社会治理模式从公共行政向公共管理变迁的历史趋势来看,行政伦理研究又具有过渡的性质,它的学科建构目标应当指向公共管理伦理学,而它的实践目标应当是对公共管理这一新型的社会治理模式进行规划和设计。     

知识创新、技术创新与管理创新的协同互动模式研究

创新是当代科学技术研究的本质特征和根本目标,本文从当代科技创新的主要类型和特点入手,探讨了企业如何构建知识创新、技术创新和管理创新之间的动态、双向的匹配、协同与互动的创新模式;提出科技创新在于学科交叉和汇聚,在于科学家的无私奉献;创新的驱动力主要来自国家需求推动和市场牵引。     

开发创造力 推动技术创新

创造力的基本因素是人的智力,来自人的创造性脑力劳动。创造力推动各领域、各层次的社会创新活动,不断由低级向高级发展。创新是知识经济的核心。技术创造是各项创新的基础,包括从新思想产生、技术开发、生产管理、市场营销的全过程。完善和发展国家创新体系,用制度创新推动技术创新是当代创新活动总的趋势。实施科教兴国战略,建设有中国特色的国家创新体系是当前我国的重要战略任务,全面推进素质教育,加快企业技术创新的主体建设,保护知识产权是我国创新体系建设的关键。     

Internet Technology in Service of Personal Health Care Management: Patient Perspective

Internet technology has become an informational resource for most health care consumers. Online information, discussion, and support groups, in the form of message boards, listservs, and chat rooms are emerging as parts of virtual self-health-care network. This paper examines the extent to which participation in online health discussion groups was reported to be helpful in increasing medical knowledge and in enhancing the participatory patient role of health care consumers in interaction with health care service professionals. Data for this study was collected from 350 patients who participated in Internet discussion groups for cancer patients. The findings of the study indicated the important impact of Internet health discussion groups on health care management practices as perceived by health care consumers, including empowerment through knowledge and proactive participation in cancer care management. This research contributes to understanding the patient perspective and assesses the perceived importance of Internet groups by health care consumers.     

Change is an Ongoing Ethical Event: Levinas,Bakhtin and the Dialogical Dynamics of Becoming

In this article, we use the intersubjective ethics of Bakhtin and Levinas and a case illustration to explore change in therapy as an ethical phenomenon. We follow Lakoff and Johnson in their emphasis on the way our conceptions of change seem permeated by metaphors. Bakhtin and Levinas both suggest through a language in which metaphors play a crucial role, that human existence—the consciousness and the subject—emerge within the dialogue of the encounter. They both describe the dynamics of human existence as ethical in their origin. Following this, we argue that change may be seen as an ongoing ethical event and that the dynamics of change are found in the ways we constantly become in this event. We investigate the ethical dynamics of this ongoing event through three themes illuminating the contributions of both Bakhtin and Levinas: (1) we become as responsible, (2) we become in speaking, (3) we become in answering the unknown. We explore these themes through a case illustration. Finally, we briefly point out some possible implications for mental health practice.     

Where tradition and ‘modern’ knowledge meet: exploring two Islamic schools in Singapore and Britain

Muslims live in a ‘modern’ world where subjects such as the English language, mathematics, sciences, and information and communication technology (ICT) are highly valued and enthusiastically transmitted in schools. How some Islamic schools attempt to equip their students with ‘modern knowledge’ while remaining faithful to their religious traditions is the focus of this exploratory study. Using two Islamic schools in Singapore and Britain as illustrative case studies, this paper examines their history, aims, curriculum and pedagogy in their aspiration to acquire ‘modern’ knowledge within their Islamic world views. It further explores some common challenges faced by students and teachers in both schools in their quest for a balanced curriculum. By highlighting the Islamic schools in two Muslim minority countries, this paper aims to contribute towards the international literature on how religious schools assert their cultural heritage and negotiate their learning in the modern age.     

Ethno-religious groups work values and ethics: the case of Jews,Muslims and Christians in Israel

This study examines and compares, for the first time, the MOW (Meaning of Work) among Jews and Arabs (Muslims and Christians) in Israel and attempts to explain the similarities and the differences in work ethics among these ethno-religious groups. The MOW questionnaire was conducted on 898 Jewish, 215 Muslim and 103 Christian respondents who were currently working. The MOW dimensions were: economic orientation, entitlement norms, obligation norms, interpersonal relations orientation, intrinsic orientation and work centrality. The findings reveal significant differences in most of the MOW dimensions between the three religious groups. Overall, demographic factors partially explain the MOW differences. The MOW differences among the three groups can be explained mainly by cultural differences. Since there is mass Arab (Muslims and Christians) immigration from the Middle East to Europe this study provides a better understanding of their perceptions about work and their work values and ethics. The applications of the findings for organizations are discussed.     

Critical Reflections on the March for Science

Using MacKendrick (2017) as a springboard, this essay explores the March for Science as an example of social mobilization. I lay out some concerns regarding the use of this tactic as a response to attacks on science and suggest some ways sociology could contribute to the development of more efficacious actions to address the denigration of scientific knowledge.