建设工程管理决策中的系统分析方法

管理决策的科学性取决于管理方法、手段和技术的有效性。基于决策问题的系统分析方法是实施科学决策的基础,决策问题的提出是系统科学发展的动因。建设工程管理决策树立系统观点、应用系统方法进行量化和优化是提高其决策质量的有效方法。从系统分析与决策、建设工程管理决策的系统观以及建设选址问题中系统分析方法的应用三个方面理论与实际相结合,阐明了系统量化与优化对于建设工程管理决策的辅助支持作用,以期增强建设工程管理决策活动应用系统方法的自觉性,提高管理决策的质量和能力,促进建筑业的健康良性发展。     

对建立学院为中心的教学管理模式的探讨

建立学院制是高校内部管理体制改革和学科建设发展的一种思路。在校、院、系三级建制中 ,学院的管理处于中心地位。探讨了学院成为教学管理中心的运作方法和管理措施。     

高校“学生论坛”网站的管理模式探讨

网络技术的发展使高校“学生论坛”网站如雨后春笋般大量涌现,这些论坛网站的存在有利有弊,高校应因势利导,兴利除弊,使网站沿着正确的方向健康发展。本文在调查研究的基础上,阐述了“学生论坛”网站的现状及特点,指出了“学生论坛”网站存在的优点和弊端,分析了“学生论坛”网站管理的难点所在,最后提出了具体的管理思路和措施。     

The Experience of Gender Change in Public Sector Organizations

The state has a twofold relationship to gender change in society, through its overall steering capacity and through the gendered character of its constituent agencies. It is therefore important to understand the experience of gender change in state organizations. The findings from a study of gender relations in ten public‐sector worksites in New South Wales, Australia are presented. There is a widespread consciousness of gender change linked with new labour processes, restructuring and new patterns of management. These changes are uneven and limits to change are visible. Gender is recognized as an organizational problem in specific circumstances, most visibly where men’s resistance to change appears. A number of mechanisms limit the consciousness of gender as a problem. Several trends, including the current strength of neo‐liberalism, converge to make the gender‐neutral workplace the principal goal of gender reform in the public‐sector workplace. This, however, limits the state’s steering capacity in regard to societal gender relations.     

治理黄土高原必须抓住关键突破口

黄土高原是我国独特的地理区域,其水土流失严重,生态环境恶化,经济落后,问题很多,如何治理黄土高原一直是个难题。若能抓住关键突破口,如种树种草改善生态环境,防止水土流失,建设基本农田,解决粮食问题,开展多种经营,增加经济收入等,进行综合治理和开发,问题便将迎刃而解。     

Community-based household waste management: Lessons learnt from EXNORA's ‘zero waste management’ scheme in two South Indian cities

This paper presents two case studies on the efforts by a community-based organisation to promote a sustainable integrated waste management system in Indian mega cities. This effort was initiated in 1989 by a local non-governmental organisation (NGO) called EXNORA and is based on a ‘zero waste management scheme’ set up, run and financed by the residents themselves. As this model has been widely quoted as successful, the study aims at learning from two communities implementing this model.Results are reported from a survey of the two schemes that used various tools to assess both their performance and sustainability in selected residential areas of two Indian cities, Chennai and Hyderabad. The results indicate limited success of the schemes both in saving a significant fraction of the generated waste from dumping, and in rehabilitating the local poor. However, they show that motivated individuals can successfully set up and manage waste collection systems that lead to overall environmental improvements. The differences in the two schemes reflect how the local assets and contexts impact on the success of the scheme. The scheme in a rich neighbourhood of Hyderabad was less ambitious in its overall objectives and focussed on the provision of a waste management service, using the opportunity to provide local employment to a socially deprived fraction of the population. The scheme in a middle-class area of Chennai, although pioneering in its approach, suffered from diseconomies of scale and lack of social integration, making it less viable in the medium to long term. Both schemes suffered from a lack of community involvement, motivation and political support, which threatens the long-term sustainability of the enterprise. The research concludes that the role that communities can realistically play in management of their own waste depends on the local context. The system advocated by EXNORA seems to require significant local resources, and political and technical support which are hard to find and sustain without strong local leaders. Another model set up in the city of Visakhapatnam is finally introduced as an alternative. This is based on triangular contracts between the municipality, the residents and micro-enterprises and may provide a good solution in dealing with the technical and commercial aspects which communities find difficult.     

"弃知"、"弃智"并非老子思想

《老子》通行本第十九章“弃智”,帛书本作“弃知”,楚简甲本作“弃鞭(偏)”。帛书本、通行本第十八章支持“弃知”、“弃智”的文本系晚于楚简本的后人所增,通行本第三章、第六十五章支持“弃智”的文本系晚于帛书本的后人所为,并非老子原有思想;帛书本、通行本第二十七章、第三十三章、第五十三章及帛书本第十章有否定“弃智”、“弃知”的文本。所以可以认定:“弃知”、“弃智”并非老子思想,系晚于楚简本的后人所为。     

新时期学报资料信息工作之管见

文章从信息时代的需要出发,主要阐述了学报资料搜集的依据、原则和方法,提出了有效的管理办法和开发利用学报资料的新思路。     

关于网络环境下高校图书馆馆员素质新要求的思考

随着以计算机为中心的网络技术以及多媒体技术的突破,网络更加贴近人们的生活。原来分离独立的传统图书馆正走向全球一体化、网络化的新境地。在这一转变过程中,作为高校图书馆员必须是一支高素质的人才队伍,为图书馆的可持续发展积蓄力量!     

贫困地区低保动态管理探析

本文从贫困人口需求获得经济利益与主体管理部门动态性控制二者的矛盾入手,对贫困地区低保动态管理的内涵进行了探析,并将低保动态管理分为三个类型:一是对象平行动态,二是实行标准上下动态,三是需求类型变化动态,进而提出了解决低保动态管理问题的路径及措施.