Producing information: communication and collaboration in the South African scientific community

Prior research has investigated the relationships between communication, collaboration and production of information/knowledge. Most of this research has been conducted either in developed countries where the internet facility is highly advanced or in developing countries with little internet access. Investigations in countries that fall in between these two extremes are rare. This study of respondents from higher education institutions and research institutes examines the relationship between collaboration and internet use, as well as productivity and internet use in the South African scientific system which has become a strong contributor to science in Africa.     

Shared‐use mining infrastructure: Why it matters and how to achieve it

This article considers the cases for and against ‘open access’ regulation of rail and port logistics infrastructure used by ‘bulk’ mining operations, arguing that host governments should proactively impose and then enforce such regulation in almost all cases. The logistics infrastructure needed for this type of mining activity is of critical importance. The costs and potential inefficiencies involved in duplicating such infrastructure confer a significant competitive advantage on its owner in the absence of effective access regulation. In particular, where a first mover develops an ‘integrated’ project incorporating a mine and associated infrastructure, a failure to impose access regulation discourages third‐party investment in mineral exploration and development in the region serviced by the infrastructure, due to the risk of hold‐up by the first mover. An unregulated first mover can also use its infrastructure advantage to capture the state's share of resource rents from the mineral endowment of the region. Open access regulation further benefits host countries by enabling broad‐based economic development through the shared‐use of mining infrastructure with other sectors (e.g., agribusiness). The article highlights contrasting experience with access regulation in Australia: the Pilbara iron ore region has seen protracted disputes involving mining firms and policy‐makers and very few examples of third‐party access, while in the coal region of central Queensland an extensive multi‐user, multi‐purpose railway network operates independently of mining firms. The authors urge governments in sub‐Saharan Africa (in particular) not to underestimate the internal capacity and other challenges associated with developing and enforcing open access regulation of mining infrastructure in a manner that protects their national interests.     

Knowledge and Skills of Sexual Abuse Prevention: A Study on School-Aged Children in Beijing,China

To examine the level of child sexual abuse prevention knowledge and skills in a sample of school-aged children, a total of 559 children from first to fifth grade were recruited from one primary school in Beijing, China. Participants were asked to finish a questionnaire surveying their knowledge and skills of child sexual abuse prevention. Results showed that accurate rate of knowledge on child sexual abuse prevention were between 44.0% and 80.0%. Percentage of participants having applied the self-protection skills of “saying ‘no,’” “going away,” and “telling adults” properly in hypothetical situations was 57.4%, 28.3%, and 48.3%, respectively. Third-to-fifth graders had a better performance than first-to-second graders, and girls performed better than boys. Findings suggest that Chinese school-aged children are in need of knowledge and skills related to child sexual abuse prevention, and education programs should be developed as soon as possible.     

Tilting at windmills: a cynical assemblage of the crises of knowledge

The essay offers one piece of a larger conjunctural analysis, in an effort to contribute to a better story of the contemporary organic crisis. It considers three elements of the complexity of the ‘crises’ of knowledge: First, it explores the increasingly felt social perception that knowledge (and the forms of authority that accompany it) has become less determined and determining, less identifiable, less effective, more troubled. It argues that one must think about these developments historically and contextually, rather than going along with the panic that has surrounded their increasing visibility in recent political events. Second, it considers some of the attacks on the university as well as some of the recent changes in the political economy and institutional forms of the academy. Finally, it argues that academics have failed to examine their own contributions to the crises of knowledge, failed to consider the ways their own cultures and practices can be located within rather than against the crises of knowledge.     

读书明志与德性教育路径的探讨--大学教学督导助力学生成才的第二职能

大学教学督导古之就有。这一制度不仅给教育教学质量的提高，学生综合素质的培养起到了弥足珍贵的助力和推力，同时也已经织入整个教育教学管理体系之中，成为密不可分的重要组成部分。教学督导，作为高校智能高、学问深、经验丰的一支优秀团队，除具有督导课堂内外教学工作职能外，还应具有督促、指导学生读书成才的第二职能，以此发挥教学督导的更大潜能和作用。     

“期刊承认”VS“共同体承认”:我国学术知识生产动力机制的“悖论”

"共同体的承认"是知识生产的根本动力,在西方"期刊承认"乃"共同体承认"的有机组成部分,学术人努力生产、发表创新性的知识以赢得"共同体的承认".然而在我国,量化考评下的"期刊承认"并未得到大部分学术人的真正认同,已非"共同体承认"的一部分,学术人生产知识主要是为了取得形式化的"期刊承认"以满足各种实用性的目的,而非生产出创新性的知识以赢得实质性的"共同体承认","期刊承认"与"共同体承认"之间的冲突导致了我国学术知识生产动力机制的失灵.为了化解两者之间矛盾,我们一方面应使"同行评议"机制在各种学术评价活动中占据主导地位,另一方面要进一步完善学术期刊的"匿名评审"制度,以弥合"期刊承认"与"共同体承认"之间的断裂,从而真正激励学术知识的生产.     

采矿工程专业人才培养方案优化与实践

随着全球经济一体化的发展,我国煤炭行业得到了快速发展,煤炭工业需要大量的高素质复合型采矿工程专业毕业生,因此,修订和完善采矿专业人才培养方案具有重要意义。河南理工大学采矿工程专业为了不断提高人才培养质量,对采矿工程专业人才培养方案进行了优化,2010年10月通过全国工程教育专家委员会的认证工作。新的人才培养方案已经得到实施,效果明显。     

Measuring Sharedness of Team-Related Knowledge: Design and Validation of a Shared Mental Model Instrument

Many researchers have explored how people share and construct similar mental models in teams. They have claimed that successful team performance depends on a shared mental model of team members about task, team, equipment and situation. Most of the literature has illustrated simplified relationships between a team's mental model and their performance without a valid instrument addressing the confined and relevant constructs of a shared mental model. This paper describes the instrument development steps and the conceptual framework for factors associated with shared mental models. After development and refinement, the instrument was finalized for use to measure team-related knowledge. The final instrument consists of 42 items that are linked to the five emergent factors of shared mental models including general task and team knowledge, general task and communication skills, attitude toward teammates and task, team dynamics and interactions, and team resources and working environment.     

知识社会价值的二重性表现

知识的社会价值具有二重性表现。从生产方式、经济发展和精神文明三个维度阐述了知识社会价值的三个正面性表现，同时从人体自身认识、人类生物性功能、人类文化、人类存在方式与安全性等方面对知识社会价值的负面性表现作了探索，认为，在知识发展过程中，知识社会价值的正面性和负面性在人的交往实践活动中构成一个辩证运动。     

工业、知识革命与现代民族素质--民族素质研究之二

本文在论述工业革命和知识革命过程的基础上,简要介绍了现代民族素质的发展状况.