De minimis and equity in risk

Indices and orderings are developed for evaluating alternative strategies in the management of risk. They reflect the goals of reducing individual and collective risks, of increasing equity, and of assigning priority to the reduction and to the equity of high risks. Individual risk is defined as the (random or non-random) level of exposure to a danger. In particular the role of a lower negligibility level is investigated. A class of indices is proposed which involves two parameters, a negligibility level and a parameter of inequality aversion, and several interpretations of the indices are discussed. We provide a set of eight axioms which are necessary and sufficient for this class of indices, and we present an approach to deal with partial information on the parameters.     

幼儿园职业体验式劳动教育体系建设探索——以晋江市第二实验幼儿园为例

新时期幼儿园应高度重视与加强幼儿劳动启蒙教育。以晋江市第二实验幼儿园开展职业体验式劳动教育的实践探索为例,主要教育建议为：应优先明确幼儿园劳动教育核心目标与内容框架,加强创设生态系统化职业体验式劳动教育环境,系统组织幼儿进行多样化职业劳动体验,积极探索开展幼儿劳动素养发展评价。     

身体缺场的个性化消费研究

通过网络平台,人们可以不受时空限制,在身体缺场的情况下进行消费。与传统线下消费相比,网络消费者的消费需求彰显出符合自身特点的个性化趋势。时空分离的缺场空间使得人们在实施某些社会行为时的心理产生了变化,由此,消费内容、消费选择及消费结构也必然发生相应的转变。身体缺场的个性化消费存在一些可能影响正常消费秩序的问题,因此,需要有针对性地建立完善的网络个性化消费监管办法和信息共享平台,健全有关法律制度体系,并加强相关技术创新。     

农民工上向社会流动空间分析

对于整个中国社会而言,农民工阶层的上向社会流动是事关城乡协调发展实现共同富裕、优化社会结构、保持社会稳定、扩大内需拉动经济发展等宏观目标得以实现的重要因素之一。因而我国必须尽快解决农民工阶层"凝固化"倾向所带来的社会问题,令广大的农民工上向社会流动为全社会带来更大的价值。     

On the Critical Value Behaviour of Multiple Decision Procedures

In this paper we investigate the asymptotic critical value behaviour of certain multiple decision procedures as e.g. simultaneous confidence intervals and simultaneous as well as stepwise multiple test procedures. Supposing that n hypotheses or parameters of interest are under consideration we investigate the critical value behaviour when n increases. More specifically, we answer e.g. the question by which amount the lengths of confidence intervals increase when an additional parameter is added to the statistical analysis. Furthermore, critical values of different multiple decision procedures as for instance step-down and step-up procedures will be compared. Some general theoretic results are derived and applied for various distributions.     

Does the availability of child care influence the employment of mothers? Findings from western Germany

There is a vast empirical literature investigating the effects of child care costson female employment. Day-care costs are usually treated as a reduction infemale wages and are supposed to reduce a woman's propensity to participatein the labor market. In this paper we argue that an analysis of the effects ofchild care on the employment of mothers in Germany should focus on theavailability rather than the affordability of care, due to peculiarities of theGerman day-care regime. Our empirical findings cast doubt on the effectivenessof the current German day-care regime. Specifically, we question the extent towhich it enables mothers to participate in the labor market.     

论农业剩余劳动力的浅层次转移

目前 ,我国农业剩余劳动力转移面临的困境是 :1 .供给量过大 ;2 .城市就业压力增大 ;3.乡镇企业吸收能力减弱 ;4 .农民自身素质低下。在这种背景下 ,引导农业剩余劳动力实现就近就地的浅层次转移就变得非常必要和实际。要实现浅层次转移就应注意发展高质量农业 ,大力发展农村工业和第三产业 ,完善劳动力的流迁机制     

西方发达国家的就业促进经验及其对中国的启示

近年来 ,随着中国改革开放的深入开展 ,城镇失业率迅速上升。西方发达国家在就业领域 ,都曾经历了失业率上升的发展阶段。为降低失业率 ,各国采取了不尽相同但却切实有效的就业促进措施 ,积累了丰富的就业促进经验。中国也可以借鉴这些就业促进经验 ,以期逐步降低失业率     

公务员职务消费制度改革刍议

职务消费是维持政府机构正常运转所必须支付的成本。它是一把"双刃剑",管理得当,有利于整个社会的良性运作;管理不当,则会导致财政资金的大量流失。因此,必须对公务员职务消费制度进行改革,将其纳入制度化、货币化、规范化轨道,以规范公务员职务消费行为,在降低政府运行成本的同时,提高政府的行政效能。     

"人力资本论"中的劳工迁移观分析

二战结束后,随着美国科技革命的展开和经济结构中服务业的崛起,美国从20世纪50年代开始出现了经济繁荣和社会失业率并行攀升的趋势。对此,以西奥德.舒尔茨为代表的经济学家通过实践和潜心研究,提出了颇有影响的人力资本论,其中关于劳工迁移的精辟论述具有很强的历史和现实性价值,但是,其中的局限性也十分突出,尤其是强调区域工资差异的论述似有以偏概全之嫌。无论是在理论上,还是近现代史上的跨国移民以及二战后美国以劳工为核心的人口流动,都证明了该理论中的局限性。