Does job complexity mitigate the negative effect of emotion-rule dissonance on employee burnout?

In interactions with clients or patients, human service workers are at risk of experiencing discrepancies between felt and organizationally mandated emotions (i.e. emotion-rule dissonance). Given the documented detrimental effects of such discrepancies on employee strain, the present study investigated whether job complexity mitigates the relation between emotion-rule dissonance and employee burnout using data from a two-wave panel study of eldercare workers (N?=?583, 16-month time lag). Structural equation modelling revealed that emotion-rule dissonance at Time 1 preceded emotional exhaustion and depersonalization at Time 2. Beyond that, employees whose work offered job complexity were found to suffer less from emotional exhaustion and depersonalization when encountering discrepancies between felt and stipulated emotions compared to employees who conducted noncomplex work. Thus, designing complex tasks appears to be a crucial starting point for alleviating employee burnout in jobs that provoke emotion-rule dissonance.     

责任意识与构建和谐社会的关系探究

深刻理解责任、责任感、责任意识的内涵和基本要求，才能在具体工作和生活中去尽职尽责，避免许多问题的出现，避免造成各种矛盾的激化。在我国改革开放处于深入发展的关键时期，在构建和谐社会的过程中，明确责任和各个方面具体工作的关系，对构建和谐社会有着不可低估的意义。     

论马克思《1844年经济学——哲学手稿》中的异化劳动理论

通过对马克思《1844年经济学——哲学手稿》中异化劳动理论内容的解读,详细阐述了马克思异化劳动思想的理论内核,指出异化劳动的扬弃及其在马克思主义理论体系中的作用和地位。     

复杂劳动探微

为了更好地深化和发展马克思的劳动价值论,准确理解和掌握复杂劳动、创造性劳动和熟练劳动等范畴,运用比较和规范的方法分析复杂劳动及其相关问题。分析认为,复杂劳动是就劳动力形成过程的特点而定义的,创造性劳动是从劳动的作用结果而言的,熟练劳动是以同一劳动过程的重复次数为条件的。同时认为,复杂劳动不是创造性劳动,也不是熟练劳动,更不可能是简单劳动的成千上万倍;不同劳动者的劳动创造性可能很不相同,应当重视发挥创造性劳动的作用。     

Comparison of the characteristics of homes for older people in Slovenia with Goffman's concept of the total institution

The past concepts of life and work in homes for older people in Slovenia are no longer adequate to meet the needs, wishes and requirements of their current users. One of the basic premises, relying on Goffman's concept of the total institution, is that the first and foremost characteristic of homes for older people is that they are institutions. The theoretical starting point, namely that Goffman's concept of the total institution is ideal-typical, was corroborated by an investigation of the presence of elements of the total institution in Slovenian homes for older people, proving that not all features of the total institution can be found in any chosen empirical selection of institutions, with the data showing that those characteristics which are present do not exist in the ideal, that is in the most pronounced form. The homes’ users are given consideration, their personnel are adapting to their needs and requirements, even though this occurs within the functioning of an institution whose aims, i.e. to care for a large number of people living in one place, make life in such an institution subordinated to rules, along with the bureaucratisation and routinisation of services.     

Parental constructions of masculinity at the transition to parenthood: the division of parental leave among Austrian couples

Men and masculinity are considered a key factor in changing gender inequality at the transition to parenthood. Prior research on gendered division of parental leave concentrated on fathers’ perspectives. This paper includes perspectives of fathers and mothers who make use of parental leave in different ways and asks how masculinity is jointly constructed, how these constructions are linked to the use of parental leave, and if and how they are oriented towards hegemonic masculinity. The analysis is based on 44 qualitative interviews with 11 Austrian couples before and after birth when decisions concerning parental leave were made. Our case reconstructions reveal that parents considered parental leave a central element of masculinity as long as it suited fathers’ needs and circumstances permitted. The decisions for sharing parental leave were father-centred as both partners valued father’s leave higher than mother’s.     

Plant closures,precariousness and policy responses: Revisiting MG Rover 10 years on

With automotive plants being closed in Australia and western Europe, this article reflects on the employment status of ex-MG Rover (MGR) workers following the closure of the Longbridge plant in 2005. In particular, it draws on Standing's typology of labour market insecurity and uses a mixed-methods approach including an analysis of a longitudinal survey of some 200 ex-MGR workers, and in-depth interviews with ex-workers and policy-makers. While the policy response to the closure saw significant successes in terms of the great majority of workers successfully adjusting into re-employment, and with positive findings in terms of re-training and education, the paper finds significant challenges in terms of security of employment, income, job quality and representation at work years after closure. In particular, the paper posits that the general lack of attention to employment security at the macrolevel effectively undermined elements of a positive policy response over the longer run. This in turn suggests longer-term policy measures are required to address aspects of precariousness at work.     

劳动价值论与我国当前的几个现实问题

马克思的劳动价值理论及人们对它的传统理解与我国社会主义市场经济中的一些重要现实问题产生了矛盾 ,从而引起理论界对劳动价值的再次讨论。在总结当前讨论的主要焦点的基础上 ,得出劳动的形态应从体力劳动为主转向脑力劳动为主 ;劳动具体分类还应区分重复性劳动和创造性劳动的观点。对于价值源泉问题 ,作者在分析比较的基础上 ,概括出四种观点 ,针对劳动价值论与我国现实存在的问题 ,在认真分析了劳动价值论与按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存 ,与科学技术是第一生产力 ,与第三产业的发展 ,与私营经济的发展等问题的矛盾 ,升华出新的观点     

中部地区经济崛起的路径依赖与选择

中部地区发展的重要障碍之一就是长期以来中部地区的发展定位不明确,发展路径不清晰,产业结构与东西部有很大的同构性,结构调整步履维艰。国家政策扶持的重点一直未曾落到中部。中部地区的发展路径在于把完善的市场体系与技术创新体系融合,进而培育中部区域核心竞争力,用优化多极化网络型区域经济空间组织加快中部区域产业结构调整步伐,才能促进中部的崛起。     

Comparing compliance with commencement and use of two partograph designs for women in active labour: A randomised controlled trial

BackgroundDocumentation and assessment of progress in labour using a partograph is recommended by the World Health Organisation to assist in the timely recognition of labour dystocia. Recent studies have tested new designs of partographs that aim to account for more variable rates of labour progress. However, other studies have suggested that poor compliance in the completion of partographs affects utility. The objective of this study was to compare two types of partographs for compliance in documentation and use for managing labour.MethodsLow-risk nulliparous women in spontaneous labour (n = 228) were randomised to either an Action Line (control) (n = 114) or Dystocia Line partograph (intervention) (n = 114). Primary outcome was compliance with instructions for commencement of the partograph following a multifaceted training strategy. Secondary outcomes included compliance with the accompanying clinical management protocol for each partograph; and labour and birth outcomes.ResultsThe compliance rate for commencing the Action line partograph was 43.2% compared to 67.0% (p = 0.02) for the Dystocia line partograph. Other than a reduction in artificial rupture of membranes in the Dystocia Line group there were no other differences in labour management or birth outcomes. The use of centralised electronic display of labour progress may be a contributing factor.ConclusionsCompliance with the commencement and use of either partograph was low. There was little indication that the partograph was being utilized in the assessment and management of prolonged labour. Further studies are needed to explore the current utility of partographs in labour management and the effect of centralised monitoring of progress in high resource settings