光热反射实验中微弱信号的测量

介绍了用激光光热反射方法测量表面下物体热物性的实验原理.分析了实验中噪声的主要来源,运用带通滤光片结合差分探测的方式降低激光器产生的噪声.锁相放大技术对被测信号进行窄带放大,锁相放大器结合示波器输出了被测信号的周期变化部分,实现了光热法测量中微弱信号的测量.     

An alternative derivation of the Kalman filter using the quasi-likelihood method

The Kalman filter gives a recursive procedure for estimating state vectors. The recursive procedure is determined by a matrix, so-called gain matrix, where the gain matrix is varied based on the system to which the Kalman filter is applied. Traditionally the gain matrix is derived through the maximum likelihood approach when the probability structure of underlying system is known. As an alternative approach, the quasi-likelihood method is considered in this paper. This method is used to derive the gain matrix without the full knowledge of the probability structure of the underlying system. Two models are considered in this paper, the simple state space model and the model with correlated between measurement and transition equation disturbances. The purposes of this paper are (i) to show a simple way to derive the gain matrix; (ii) to give an alternative approach for obtaining optimal estimation of state vector when underlying system is relatively complex.     

调频广播用数字立体声编码器的数字内插处理

介绍了采用ＤＳＰ芯片ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ５０及高速Ａ／Ｄ芯片实现的调频广播用的数字调频立体声编码器及其结构。研究了数字内插器的实现方法，讨论了基于凯泽窗的半带滤波器的设计步骤。该数字化方案不仅改善了音质，提高了立体声通道隔离度，而且减少了运算量，便于工程实现，并给出了实验测试结果。     

基于FPGA的生命探测仪算法研究与系统设计

给出了一种基于FPGA的生命探测信号处理系统的设计方法。从理论上研究了生命探测仪的算法及其软硬件系统。其中在FPGA软件设计中利用模块化的思想方法分别设计了FIR滤波器、异,~FIFO、UART．电池监控、功能控制等功能模块。最后完成人体特征信号和体动信号的分析与提取，实现了非接触情况下生命探测与发现。相对于传统的生命探测仪，该设备具有体积小，功耗低，操作简单，携带方便等优点，特别适用于野外和战场生命探测等应用场合。     

情感因素与外语教学

在外语教学中,正确运用情感因素,充分重视并处理好教学中教师和学生的情感过滤问题,有助于师生之间的情感交流和教学效果的提高。     

重视语言教与学中的“情感过滤”

本文在简要论述什么是第二语言习得及二语习得理论对语言教师实践的重要意义的基础上,着重探讨了二语习得中情感因素的研究成果,特别是"情感过滤"现象的存在对外语教与学的启示.     

Multivariate temporal disaggregation with cross-sectional constraints

Multivariate temporal disaggregation deals with the historical reconstruction and nowcasting of economic variables subject to temporal and contemporaneous aggregation constraints. The problem involves a system of time series that are related not only by a dynamic model but also by accounting constraints. The paper introduces two fundamental (and realistic) models that implement the multivariate best linear unbiased estimation approach that has potential application to the temporal disaggregation of the national accounts series. The multivariate regression model with random walk disturbances is most suitable to deal with the chained linked volumes (as the nature of the national accounts time series suggests); however, in this case the accounting constraints are not binding and the discrepancy has to be modeled by either a trend-stationary or an integrated process. The tiny, compared with other driving disturbances, size of the discrepancy prevents maximum-likelihood estimation to be carried out, and the parameters have to be estimated separately. The multivariate disaggregation with integrated random walk disturbances is suitable for the national accounts aggregates expressed at current prices, in which case the accounting constraints are binding.     

A modification of the Whittaker–Henderson method of graduation

This paper presents a modified Whittaker–Henderson (WH) Method of Graduation. After giving a closed-form solution, we show that it is of practical use because it provides not only a smoothed series identical to that of the WH graduation, but also an extrapolation beyond the sample limit of current data. In addition, we introduce two other penalized least squares problems and show that they provide the same results as those of the modified WH graduation.     

高效数字信道化IFM接收机的研究

采用一种具有普遍性的推导方法得到基于DFT多相滤波器组的宽带数字信道化接收机高效结构,并且将瞬时测频技术应用于该结构中,提出了一种数字信道化瞬时测频接收机方案。计算机仿真表明:该方案提高了信道化接收机的频率分辨率,能够分辨同时落入一个信道的两个信号,而且运算复杂度低,硬件实现效率高,是能适应现代电子战中密集的信号环境的一种高效侦察接收机方案。     

情感过滤因素与第二语言习得

本文从理论上对动力、态度、自我、移情、焦虑等影响第二语言习得的五大情感因素进行了探讨,指出这些因素不仅是目标语学习的促进剂,也是抑制剂。由此提出在第二语言学习和课堂教学中应从如何培养学习者正确的学习态度和学习动力,使他们树立语言、文化平等概念,以及创建和谐的语言学习环境等方面入手,减少情感过滤对第二语言习得过程和结果所产生的负面影响。