What Makes Performance-Related Pay Schemes Work? Finnish Evidence

We analyze how features of performance-related pay (PRP) schemes affect their perceived motivational effects using a Finnish survey for upper white-collar employees from 1999. The results show that the following features are important for a successful PRP scheme: (i) the employees have to feel they are able to affect the outcomes; (ii) the organizational level of the performance measurement should be close to the employee: individual and team level performance measurement increase the probability that the scheme is perceived to be motivating; (iii) employees should be familiar with the performance measures; (iv) the level of payments should be high enough and rewards frequent enough. Levels below the median do not generate positive effects; (v) employees should participate in the design of the PRP scheme.     

外语学习的“证书动机”及相应的教学策略

本文借鉴国内外心理学、教育学、语言学和外语学习动机等方面的研究成果 ,实事求是地对“证书动机”进行了多视角的分析 ,并以此为基础对大学英语教师、有关教学主管部门怎样采取相应措施提高学习者动机提出了若干建议     

Impulsiveness,Locus of Control,Motivation and Problem Gambling

A questionnaire consisting of demographic items, questions about gambling behavior, the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), a depression inventory, the Eysenck Impulsiveness Questionnaire, Levensons Internality, Powerful Others and Chance Scales of locus of control and the Gambling Motivation Scale, was completed by a non-random sample of 147 New Zealand university students who gambled for money, median age 24 years. Approximately 17 of the sample was classified as problem gamblers, the rest as non-problem gamblers. Multivariate analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences between problem and non-problem gamblers on gambling frequency, number of activities, parents gambling, depression, impulsiveness and motivation, but not on locus of control. Amotivation (apathy) and motivation towards stimulation correlated with powerful others and chance locus of control, and motivation to impress others with powerful others locus of control. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that: (1) beyond gambling frequency, number of activities and parents gambling, motivation explained a substantial proportion of variance in SOGS scores, with impulsiveness accounting for a lesser amount, and (2) predictors of problem gambling included impulsiveness, amotivation and the motivations for accomplishment and tension release. It was concluded that gambling motivation is a more useful construct than locus of control in explaining problem gambling. Suggestions were made for future research, and aspects of gambling motivation were discussed in terms of a treatment program with groups of problem gamblers.     

Exploring college student gambling motivation

The present research combined qualitative and quantitative approaches in examining gambling motives among college student gamblers. A comprehensive set of 16 gambling motives was identified by categorizing 762 open-ended reasons for gambling, provided by 184 college student gamblers. Results revealed that most college students gamble to win money, for fun, for social reasons, for excitement, or just to have something to do. Overall, the results suggest the need for an eclectic biopsychosocial approach with regard to etiology of college student gambling.     

英语习语意义的理据性

传统的习语意义观认为习语是“死喻” ,是不可分析、任意的。文章认为习语是有理据的 ,可分析的 ,并从认知语言学的角度出发 ,运用“概念隐喻”、普通知识等重要认知机制对习语意义进行了分析 ,论证了习语意义的理据性。     

从译学建构看"英汉语言文化比较与翻译"的科目理据

业已存在的翻译学是以语言学理论为基础建构的,其发展还需语言学提供理论和方法论的支持。"英汉翻译、语言文化对比研究",是"英汉语言对比研究"和"英汉文化对比研究"的合而为一。它既是英汉翻译学研究的一个分支学科,也是英汉翻译方向硕士研究生培养的基础科目和培养方向之一。     

激励理论与我国公务员奖励制度

当前我国公务员奖励制度起点低,理论基础薄弱,不利于其功能的发挥.文章结合激励理论分析了当前公务员制度中存在的一些问题,并提出了奖励项目多样、奖励内容明确化、奖励方式多元化等改进建议.     

假帐的表现形式、成因及其对策

一系列国内国外造假案的披露,使会计诚信受到了广泛的质疑,会计工作陷入了困境。文章通过对会计 假账形式的研究,试图揭示其动机,并提出了一些行之有效的对策。     

知识员工薪酬激励调节变量的实证研究--以广东高新科技企业为例

在目前企业人力资源管理理论研究和实践工作中,对市场、人力资本价值等知识员工薪酬激励的基准变量比较重视,研究得也比较深入,而对于性别、年龄、学历等这些知识员工薪酬激励的调节变量的研究相对就比较少.通过对广东省(主要是广州市)部分高科技企业知识员工薪酬激励现状的实证分析,发现性别、年龄、学历、工龄、工作性质、企业类型等个性特征对知识员工的薪酬激励程度具有影响作用,且存在着显著的差异性.     

Self‐assessed consequences of unemployment on individual wellbeing and family relationships: A study of unemployed women and men in Finland

Weckström S. Self‐assessed consequences of unemployment on individual wellbeing and family relationships: a study of unemployed women and men in Finland The present study investigated how family situation and gender affect the experience of unemployment. The sample consisted of 494 Finnish women and 387 Finnish men who had been registered as unemployed for at least 3 months. The main method used in the study was analysis of covariance. Women assessed the consequences of unemployment on their individual wellbeing and on the parent–child relationship less negatively than men, but there was no corresponding gender difference concerning spousal relationship. Lone mothers experienced the change in individual wellbeing slightly more negatively than women in other family situations; this difference was in part related to financial strain. Financial strain and non‐financial work motivation predicted negative changes in individual wellbeing and in spousal relationship for both genders. Parent–child relationships were, however, independent from these variables. The way family relationships were affected was connected to changes in individual wellbeing.