Putting Bourdieu to work for class analysis: reflections on some recent contributions

Recent developments in class analysis, particularly associated with so‐called ‘cultural class analysis’; have seen the works of Pierre Bourdieu take centre stage. Apart from the general influence of ‘habitus’ and ‘cultural capital’, some scholars have tried to reconstruct class analysis with concepts drawn from Bourdieu. This involves a theoretical reorientation, away from the conventional concerns of class analysis with property and market relations, towards an emphasis on the multiple forms of capital. Despite the significant potential of these developments, such a reorientation dismisses or neglects the relations of power and domination founded in the economic institutions of capitalism as a crucial element of what class is. Through a critique of some recent attempts by British authors to develop a ‘Bourdieusian’ class theory, the paper reasserts the centrality of the relations of power and domination that used to be the domain of class analysis. The paper suggests some elements central to a reworked class analysis that benefits from the power of Bourdieu's ideas while retaining a perspective on the fundamentals of class relations in capitalism.     

人文地理学与社会学空间研究的比较分析:共识、差异与共同问题

人文地理学和社会学的空间研究是社会空间研究的两种路径。两个学科的空间研究都承认空间的社会性,并以社会和空间的辩证关系作为分析的核心。但两个学科的研究又存在差异,人文地理学本身就是一门空间科学,社会学则是把空间视角纳入社会理论的建构中。学科的共识和差异分别成为社会空间研究理论的建构基础和拓展动力。我们需要注意的是,社会空间探讨存在着诸如社会—空间二元分裂倾向、忽视时间等问题,这些问题阻碍了社会空间研究的发展,亦成为人文地理学和社会学面临的共同难题。     

基于需求的图书馆外围游憩空间设计初探——以河北工程大学图书馆为例

随着图书馆事业的迅速发展,高校在大建图书馆的同时,也非常看重其外围游憩空间的建设,它不仅代表了图书馆的形象,还有着其不可替代的功能,指出了游憩空间的含义、功能,并结合师生的行为特点和需求对图书馆外围游憩空间的建设提出了具体建议,如对图书馆主出入口区、前院、后院、露台及屋顶平台等的设计提出了意见,并以河北工程大学图书馆为例提出了自己的改造意见,希望本文的撰写能为高校图书馆外围游憩空间的建设提供参考.     

Urban Risk Generalization in China: Space and Governance*

As an issue in Chinese urban development, handling urban risk generalization invites reflection on the structural features and internal development of the immediate or potential risks entailed in rapid urbanization across the globe. As part of research on national governance modernization, China has reached a consensus on managing urban risks. A study of spatial theory indicates that urban risk generalization in China is essentially a structural issue arising from an immature system of generalized benefits in urban space rights and interests along with an unbalanced spatial structure, functional disarray and ecological disruption arising from inequitable and unbalanced urban spatial development, readjustment and renovation. As an innovative form of modern urban public management with its target shifting from the pursuit of material things to people-centered development, spatial management enlists actors including government, business, society and citizens to seek a “community of shared spatial interests” with a rational structure, effective functions and an optimized environment at the level of spatial production and interest distribution. We need innovation in the spatial structures, drivers and mechanisms of urban public management and cultural ecology to realize their institutionalization, synthesis and reordering, strategically forestalling and resolving urbanization risks and realizing a spatial governance vision of the scientific, fair and sustainable allocation, growth and renovation of urban space in the risk era.     

北洋政府时期的查禁文学与文学发展空间

北洋政府时期查禁文学（包括艺术）的事件,从档案资料和有关报刊资料记载中发现的重大案例有14起。被查禁的文学艺术作品主要有两类：一类是所谓＂不良小说＂,包括＂宗旨乖谬＂和＂词义淫邪＂者;另一类是所谓＂思想偏激＂的作品。北洋政府时期查禁文学的意图和目的主要是所谓＂通俗教育＂,即针对一般民众的社会道德风俗教育,其中也有抑制新思想新观念的企图,但那一时期政治没有把文学完全当作工具的意图,政治对文学没有进行奴役的打算,政治对文学的介入不是十分急迫,加之北洋政府对社会的管理相对松弛,对文学和文化没有完全控制,因而在客观上形成了20世纪初期文学自由发展的较大空间。     

中国大学毕业生劳动力市场中的同群效应

随着高校毕业生就业制度的改革和高等教育规模的扩大,大量的大学毕业生进入了劳动力市场,这些大学毕业生在劳动力市场的表现是一个值得关注的问题。针对目前国内关于大学生就业等问题的实证文章较少的现状,文章使用2007年中国大学毕业生就业与能力年度调查数据,利用空间计量经济学的方法研究我国大学毕业生劳动力市场中的同群效应。研究的结果发现,在我国大学毕业生劳动力市场中存在着显著的、正向的同群效应,并证实了这种同群效应一部分可由大学生在校期间的各种知识和能力培养的相互影响所解释。     

The non-looks of the mobile world: a video-based study of interactional adaptation in cycle-lanes

ABSTRACT

This empirical study uses video data to examine interactional adaptation between cyclists and pedestrians in a relatively new cycle-lane. Existing research on intersections shows order is achieved through the frequent use of a look-recognition-acknowledgement sequence. Whereas this is found in the cycle-lane interactions, there is also an important divergent technique which on the surface seems less cooperative. Others are made to cede space based on ‘doing and being oblivious’, in short, forms of non-looking force others to take evasive action and subtly alter their line of travel. Here the dynamic nature of this obliviousness is shown through empirical examples. Even though it is not always easy to distinguish between the two forms of non-looking, it is concluded that ‘doing oblivious’, whilst possibly annoying for others, is most probably harmless, but there are good reasons to be more concerned about ‘being oblivious’, for it may lead to collisions between pedestrians and cyclists. Aspects of non-looking provide an important addition to knowledge of the mobile world, suggesting we renew attention to specific sites where people concert their movements in minutely detailed ways.     

Stability and change in living arrangements in Indonesia,Singapore, and Taiwan, 1993-99

We use longitudinal data from Indonesia, Singapore, and Taiwan to examine stability and change in the co-residence of older adults and their children. Longitudinal data support the analysis of transitions in living arrangements. We focus on how life-cycle characteristics of older adults and their children are related to co-residence at a point in time, to maintaining co-residence over time, and to transitions into and out of co-residence. We find that many of the characteristics found to be associated with co-residence at baseline interviews exhibit an even stronger association with continued co-residence over time. While some of the results support the interpretation that co-residence provides support for parents as they age, the needs of children also play an important role in the decision to co-reside.     

城市空间的逼仄与人的迷失——转型期社会在宁瀛作品中的真实呈现

宁瀛具有一种革命性的独立创作精神,在人们不由自主地被"时尚和流行"的浪头打得晕头转向的时候,她的作品却使人清醒。本文以宁瀛作品创作时间为纵线,将她镜头中的城市空间作为切入点,深入探索社会转型期城市变化背后的秘密——人的迷失以及社会秩序的重构。     

考古学视角下海明威《老人与海》中的鱼骨意象

本文借助考古学知识阐释鱼骨的隐喻功能,侧重鱼骨作为“过去的物证”这一特征,解读《老人与海》中鱼骨中的两个要素：空间和时间,以此探究作品呈现出以海洋为中心的叙述结构以及小说主人公的精神世界,并从象征角度阐释鱼骨作为一种历史遗存,见证了人类与自然搏斗的历程以及人的主体精神。