论公民自雇权益的法律保障

自雇作为公民自己雇佣自己以谋求个人生存的一种方式,已经成为底层社会群体一种十分重要的就业形式。自雇是公民经济自由权的应有之义,也是实现公民生存权的有效途径,理应获得法律的切实保障。然而,目前我国公民的自雇权益却屡遭侵犯,形势令人堪忧!本文认为,国家应当将自雇者的权益纳入公民基本权利的保护体系,通过建立促进公民自雇的政策扶持机制、现代城市管理机制以及法律救济机制,为公民自雇权益的实现提供强大的法律保护,进而使每一位自雇者都能过上体面而又有尊严的生活。     

论转基因食品法律规制的哲学基础——以中国传统哲学为中心

转基因食品自诞生以来,即备受争议。各国转基因食品法律规制也是大相径庭,基于人类中心主义哲学、生态中心主义哲学和中国传统哲学指导下的转基因食品法律规制态度,认为以人类中心主义哲学为基础的转基因食品法律规制,态度过于宽松;以生态中心主义哲学为基础的转基因食品法律制,态度过分严格;而只有以中国传统哲学“人与自然内在统一”观念为基础的转基因食品法律规制,才可宽严适度,实现人与自然内在和谐与外在和谐的统一。     

国有林生态效益补偿制度的缺失及其完善

长期以来,国有森林生态效益被无偿使用,森林经营者利益得不到保证,为保证国有林可持续发展经营,完善现行补偿制度刻不容缓。从法律管理的视角分析我国国有林生态效益补偿制度体系、补偿要素的内容、补偿的实施机制等方面的缺失,完善补偿制度应着眼于:国有林生态效益补偿法律制度立法目的与价值取向应该旨在协调国有林经营管护各方的利益,化解彼此间的利益冲突;维护社会公平,包括代内公平与代际公平;明确确定补偿范围,完善补偿要素;规范国有林生态效益补偿的行政管理体制,建立透明的国有林生态效益补偿信息公开制度、可持续的保障机制和完备的救济机制。     

我国法定离婚理由的社会性别分析

法定离婚理由是当事人请求国家审判机关作出离婚判决的法律依据,是离婚法律制度的重要内容之一。从历史角度进行考察,我国法定离婚理由的发展经历了漫长而曲折的过程;从社会性别视角进行审视,法定离婚理由的演进表现为从男性专权到男女平权的轨迹;从立法内容上看,我国现行《婚姻法》中已经明确规定法定离婚理由平等适用于男女两性;从法律适用上分析,我国法定离婚理由在司法实践中仍存在一定的性别差异。因此,我国法定离婚理由应根据时代发展的需要相应地增加列举内容,以增强司法实践中的可操作性,同时还应注意对司法人员社会性别意识进行培养,从而推进性别平等的法律进程,并最终实现促进社会和谐发展的立法目的。     

党的领导与依法治国的法理统一性

法本质观是解读党法关系的法理基础,准确把握党法关系必须坚持正确的法本质观。以阶级性本质论、社会性本质论、人本性本质论、本质虚无论和马克思主义当代法本质观为研究对象,综合运用比较分析、归纳总结等研究方法,分析探明了各类法本质观对认识党法关系的影响。研究认为,当代马克思主义法本质观是超越其他法本质理论并且符合中国实践的科学理论,在当代马克思主义法本质观的逻辑框架下,党的领导和依法治国是以人民根本利益为纽带的本质统一体。     

我国社区矫正法律监督：探索与反思

基于法律的相关规定以及社区矫正实务的发展,检察机关监外执行法律监督工作需要一次新的转型。陕西省西安市未央区社区矫正法律监督的实践探索表明,社区矫正的规范化建设离不开检察机关的法律监督,检察机关应树立协同监督理念,广泛吸纳社会力量参与监督工作,建立与社区矫正发展相适应的法律监督体系。     

Mental Health on the Campus Revisited

Abstract

The author briefly reviews Mental Health on the Campus: A Field Study, published in 1973, noting areas of consensus and points of tension or disagreement that were reported in that study. He then assesses the extent to which the current state of mental health on the campus is an echo of that report. These comparisons form the basis for anticipating the probable direction of future developments in campus mental health. The areas and issues considered include the increased diversity of the student body, the stable incidence of psychotic disorders, the increased prevalence of gender-related diagnoses such as sexual abuse and eating disorders, the continuing financial pressures bearing on campus mental health programs, and the forms of care and treatment that fiscal and other circumstances are imposing. The author concludes that although the resources available and the particular challenges that are faced may have changed, the traditional goals of a campus mental health program, as articulated 75 years ago when the American College Health Association was founded, remain valid, even if they are difficult to attain.     

The Slope of Change: An Environmental Management Approach to Reduce Drinking on a Day of Celebration at a US College

Abstract

Objective: This research extends the literature on event-specific environmental management with a case study evaluation of an intervention designed to reduce student drinking at a university's year-end celebration. Participants: Cornell University undergraduates were surveyed each May from 2001 through 2009. Sample sizes ranged from 322 to 1,973. Methods: Randomly sampled surveys were conducted after a large, annual spring campus celebration. An environmental management plan was initiated in 2003 that included increased enforcement of the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) law. Results: In the short term, drinking at the campus celebration decreased while drinking before the event increased. Over time, the intervention significantly reduced high-risk drinking on the day of the event, especially among those under the age of 21. Conclusion: These findings are contrary to the argument that enforcement of MLDA laws simply leads to increased high-risk drinking, and therefore have implications for how colleges approach the challenge of student alcohol misuse.     

法律语言程式化与法律翻译

法律语言的功能首先是规范调节作用,其次才是提供信息.法律的规范调节功能与程式化的法律语言关系密切,法律翻译时必须正确处理语言程式化的问题.要实现法律翻译的功能对等,就需要做到源语和译入语之间的三种对等,即法律文本整体框架的形式对等,法律语言语用功能的对等,逻辑结构的对等.不同层面的对等亦涉及用词、句法、篇章结构等问题.     

论帮助犯罪分子逃避处罚罪的既遂形态

"帮助犯罪分子逃避处罚"并非本罪构成要件中的目的或结果,而是本罪的行为方式。本罪行为过程分为帮助方获取信息或者双方共谋—通风报信(提供便利)—"犯罪分子"积极配合—犯罪分子采取行动,在此过程中有成立犯罪未遂、中止的可能性,行为的自然属性具有过程性、时间持续性;本罪行为的社会属性系侵犯了特定的刑事诉讼活动,其社会危害性不同于举动犯、危险犯。因此本罪系行为犯中的过程犯,其既遂点是获得帮助的犯罪分子积极配合并着手采取妨害司法机关刑事诉讼活动。