Using the Delphi Method to Classify Medical Specialties

One medical specialty classification system applicable for research and career counseling is the person‐oriented versus technique‐oriented taxonomy. Given that the model was conceptualized in the 1960s, verification based on how medical specialties are practiced and viewed today is necessary. Five specialists in medical career development and advising verified the categorization of specialties. Based on their review, 100% consensus was reached regarding grouping of specialties. This outcome validates the taxonomy of medical specialties and supports its continued use for medical career specialty advising and choice.     

The generalized two-sided power distribution

The generalized standard two-sided power (GTSP) distribution was mentioned only in passing by Kotz and van Dorp Beyond Beta, Other Continuous Families of Distributions with Bounded Support and Applications, World Scientific Press, Singapore, 2004. In this paper, we shall further investigate this three-parameter distribution by presenting some novel properties and use its more general form to contrast the chronology of developments of various authors on the two-parameter TSP distribution since its initial introduction. GTSP distributions allow for J-shaped forms of its pdf, whereas TSP distributions are limited to U-shaped and unimodal forms. Hence, GTSP distributions possess the same three distributional shapes as the classical beta distributions. A novel method and algorithm for the indirect elicitation of the two-power parameters of the GTSP distribution is developed. We present a Project Evaluation Review Technique example that utilizes this algorithm and demonstrates the benefit of separate powers for the two branches of activity GTSP distributions for project completion time uncertainty estimation.     

A Risk Analysis Model in Concurrent Engineering Product Development

Concurrent engineering has been widely accepted as a viable strategy for companies to reduce time to market and achieve overall cost savings. This article analyzes various risks and challenges in product development under the concurrent engineering environment. A three‐dimensional early warning approach for product development risk management is proposed by integrating graphical evaluation and review technique (GERT) and failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA). Simulation models are created to solve our proposed concurrent engineering product development risk management model. Solutions lead to identification of key risk controlling points. This article demonstrates the value of our approach to risk analysis as a means to monitor various risks typical in the manufacturing sector. This article has three main contributions. First, we establish a conceptual framework to classify various risks in concurrent engineering (CE) product development (PD). Second, we propose use of existing quantitative approaches for PD risk analysis purposes: GERT, FMEA, and product database management (PDM). Based on quantitative tools, we create our approach for risk management of CE PD and discuss solutions of the models. Third, we demonstrate the value of applying our approach using data from a typical Chinese motor company.     

论《潮水集》跨文体写作的艺术张力

散文集《潮水集》的跨文体写作主要表现在两个方面：一是文史交融，作者建构了一个三维情感世界，使作品在文学与历史中穿行；二是均衡之美，表现在“叙事一抒情一叙事”和“议论一抒情一议论”两个创作模式上。     

晚清与“五四”小说变革同异论

晚清与“五四”小说变革虽有动机上的相近之处,却有性质上的不同.这导致晚清小说与“五四”小说出现了形态上的差别.晚清小说变革持续的时间、规模都超过“五四”,但却没有真正实现中国小说由古典向现代的转变,主要原因在于晚清小说变革是非自觉的文学变革.相比而言,“五四”小说变革的自觉性更强,也更注重文学自身的特征.晚清小说变革并非必然走向“五四”小说,它的变革路径与“五四”有很大不同,即基本保留古典小说模式,只是在内容上和形式上容纳一些新的思想、艺术因素.“五四”小说变革因历史背景、文化语境的特殊作用,找到了一条新的路径,这就是精神与艺术的一体化即“心理化”.通过“心理化”,“五四”小说最终实现了中国小说由古典向现代的转变.     

测试技术课程改革与实践

测试技术属于边缘科学,起点高、知识面广、难度大,不仅学科跨度大,涉及机、电、液、光、声、数学及自动控制等几方面,而且该课程实践性很强,实践环节在整个教学过程中占有相当大的比重,因而教与学均存在一定的困难。文章在分析传统教学存在问题的基础上,提出新的教学方法,调整教学内容顺序,突出教学重点,运用工程实例教学法,强化学生的实验训练。     

Estimation on Varying-Coefficient Partially Linear Model With Different Smoothing Variables

The authors give the estimation on the varying-coefficient partially linear regression model with different smoothing variables. The efficient estimators of the intercept function and the coefficient functions are obtained by a one-step back-fitting technique based on their initial estimators given by local linear technique and the averaged method. Furthermore, their asymptotic normalities are given. Some simulation studies are used to illustrate the performances of the estimation.     

Dementia Policy Revisited

Abstract

Even though state governments assume public responsibility for persons with dementia, formal analysis of state laws concerning individuals with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia has been rare. We responded to this by collecting and evaluating state legislation targeted towards individuals with dementia. These laws were collected by searching online statutory archives and were defined by the type of action, year of passage, and legislative purpose. Our research revealed that the legislatures have targeted an average of slightly more than five actions towards persons with dementia. We also discovered that the earliest legislative act targeting individuals with dementia was passed by South Dakota in 1939, and by the end of the 1997 sessions, 49 state legislatures had enacted at least one targeted law. We sorted the variety of legislative actions into eight categories and illuminated how the purposes of these laws differed from one state legislature to the next. This research expands knowledge concerning state policies targeting people with dementia, introduces a reliable method of collecting state laws, and contributes to the advocacy effort made on behalf of persons with dementia.     

完善我国国际工程承包法律制度的基本构想

文章认为 ,加强和完善我国国际工程承包法律制度 ,必须遵循国家主权、公平互惠、国际惯例、质量第一诸原则 ,制定科学的立法规划 ,加强高层次立法 ,推行的工程承包标准合同条件不仅要立足本土资源 ,而且 ,更应考虑与国际接轨的客观需要。     

论新文物保护法的制度创新及其立法完善

论述了新文物保护法的制度创新,如历史文化街区的保护制度、不可移动文物的保护制度、馆藏文物管理制度、民间收藏管理制度等。同时,还论述了新法的一些不足之处并提出立法建议,如“文物”概念的立法完善、保护文物“原真性”原则的立法完善等。