中国古代农村土地制度研究刍议

本文介绍了20世纪80年代以后中国古代农村土地制度的研究状况,从实证研究的角度进行了评议,对土地制度如何研究评价提出了新的见解.     

政府公共支出与中国经济增长——基于VAR方法的研究

基于协整理论和向量误差修正模型,考察了政府公共支出对中国经济增长的长期影响及二者之间的互动关系.研究发现:(1)多项公共支出变量为非平稳的二阶单整并与总产出及全社会固定资本形成额等经济变量存在长期均衡关系;(2)非生产性支出与经济增长正相关,生产性支出、政府机构支出与经济增长负相关;(3)非生产性支出是经济增长的长期原因,而经济增长只是政府机构支出增加的长期原因.经济增长反方向促进非生产性支出和生产性支出增加在统计学上并不显著.     

An effective approach to linear calibration estimation with its applications

Abstract

The availability of some extra information, along with the actual variable of interest, may be easily accessible in different practical situations. A sensible use of the additional source may help to improve the properties of statistical techniques. In this study, we focus on the estimators for calibration and intend to propose a setup where we reply only on first two moments instead of modeling the whole distributional shape. We have proposed an estimator for linear calibration problems and investigated it under normal and skewed environments. We have partitioned its mean squared error into intrinsic and estimation components. We have observed that the bias and mean squared error of the proposed estimator are function of four dimensionless quantities. It is to be noticed that both the classical and the inverse estimators become the special cases of the proposed estimator. Moreover, the mean squared error of the proposed estimator and the exact mean squared error of the inverse estimator coincide. We have also observed that the proposed estimator performs quite well for skewed errors as well. The real data applications are also included in the study for practical considerations.     

Jump-detection and curve estimation methods for discontinuous regression functions based on the piecewise B-spline function

Jump-detection and curve estimation methods for the discontinuous regression function are proposed in this article. First, two estimators of the regression function based on B-splines are considered. The first estimator is obtained when the knot sequence is quasi-uniform; by adding a knot with multiplicity p + 1 at a fixed point x₀ on support [a, b], we can obtain the second estimator. Then, the jump locations are detected by the performance of the difference of the residual sum of squares DRSS(x₀) (x₀ ∈ (a, b)); subsequently the regression function with jumps can be fitted based on piecewise B-spline function. Asymptotic properties are established under some mild conditions. Several numerical examples using both simulated and real data are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.     

Estimation of population mean in successive sampling under super-population model in presence of random non response situations

The present work is an attempt to estimate the population mean on the current occasion in two-occasion successive (rotation) sampling in presence of random non response situations. The estimation strategy has been constructed under a super-population model design approach with the help of imputation technique. The estimators proposed on the current occasion cover the cases of occurrences random non responses on either of the occasions. Detail behaviors of the proposed class of estimators have been studied and its performance has been examined with the sample mean estimator. The results are demonstrated through empirical studies which establish the effectiveness of the proposed class of estimators. Suitable recommendations have been put forward to the survey statisticians for its practical application.     

Asymptotic normality of conditional density estimation under truncated,censored and dependent data

Abstract

In this paper, we focus on the left-truncated and right-censored model, and construct the local linear and Nadaraya-Watson type estimators of the conditional density. Under suitable conditions, we establish the asymptotic normality of the proposed estimators when the observations are assumed to be a stationary α-mixing sequence. Finite sample behavior of the estimators is investigated via simulations too.     

晚清县官韩仲荆的家庭医病活动研究

晚清山西高平知县韩仲荆的日记中有大量关于他和家人日常生活中疾病与医疗活动的记录。面对疾病,韩仲荆及其家人采取各种方式积极应对,既有传统医药疗法,又有道医仙术之法,具有多样性的特点。从韩仲荆及家人的医病认知来看,他们既希冀医药奏效,又笃信天命之说,具有明显的传统性。在韩仲荆家庭的医病活动中,权力关系的不平衡是其显著特点,病家掌握着医病关系中的主导权,而男性权力在家庭医病活动中亦有绝对的彰显。考察韩仲荆家庭的医病活动对深窥晚清下层官员日常生活具有重要意义。     

Sampling from a Max‐Stable Process Conditional on a Homogeneous Functional with an Application for Downscaling Climate Data

Conditional simulation of max‐stable processes allows for the analysis of spatial extremes taking into account additional information provided by the conditions. Instead of observations at given sites as usually done, we consider a single condition given by a more general functional of the process as may occur in the context of climate models. As the problem turns out to be intractable analytically, we make use of Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to sample from the conditional distribution. Simulation studies indicate fast convergence of the Markov chains involved. In an application to precipitation data, the utility of the procedure as a tool to downscale climate data is demonstrated.     

Power properties of the modified CUSUM tests

The CUSUM test has played an important role in theory and applications related to structural change, but its drawback is that it loses power when the break is orthogonal to the mean of the regressors. In this study, we consider two modified CUSUM tests that have been proposed, implicitly or explicitly, in the literature to detect such structural changes and investigate the limiting power properties of these tests under a fixed alternative. We demonstrate that the modified tests are superior to the classic tests in terms of both asymptotic theory and in finite samples when detecting an orthogonal structural shift.