Testing equality of two intercepts for the parallel regression model with non sample prior information

This paper proposes tests for equality of intercepts of two simple regression models when non sample prior information is available on the equality of two slopes. For three different scenarios on the values of the slope, namely (i) unknown (unspecified), (ii) known (specified), and (iii) suspected, we derive the unrestricted test (UT), restricted test (RT), and pre-test test (PTT) for testing the equality of intercepts. The test statistics, their sampling distributions, and power functions of the tests are obtained. Comparison of power function and size of the tests reveals that the PTT has a reasonable dominance over the UT and RT.     

Higher-order expansions of extremes from mixed skew-t distribution

In this article, we study the asymptotic behaviors of the extreme of mixed skew-t distribution. We consider limits on distribution and density of maximum of mixed skew-t distribution under linear and power normalizations, and further derive their higher-order expansions, respectively. Examples are given to support our findings.     

Testing serial correlation in partially linear models with validation data

This article investigates the testing for serial correlation in partially linear models with validation data and applies the empirical likelihood methods to construct serial tests statistics, and then we derive the asymptotic distribution of the test statistics under null hypothesis. Simulation results show that our method performs well.     

基于分层广义线性模型的非寿险费率厘定精算模型研究

非寿险业务中的损失数据结构日益复杂,呈现异质性与相关性并存的异象。分层广义线性模型能够突破传统费率厘定精算方法仅分析风险个体同一保单年损失数据的局限,可以提高复杂结构损失数据预测的准确性。基于分层广义线性模型等方法,研究具有多年损失数据的非寿险费率厘定问题,并以车险和工伤补偿保险的两组损失数据为例进行实证分析。研究结果表明,相对于GLM而言,考虑随机效应后GLMM的拟合优度大幅改善,GLMM与HGLM可以更有效地反映不同风险个体的差异,并有利于揭示风险个体在多个保险期内损失的异质性与相关性。     

Bayesian quantile regression and variable selection for partial linear single-index model: Using free knot spline

Partial linear single-index model (PLSIM) has both the flexibility of nonparametric treatment and interpretability of linear term, yet existing literatures about it mainly focused on mean regression, and quantile regression analysis is scarce. Based on free knot spline approximation, we apply asymmetric Laplace distribution to implement Bayesian quantile regression, and perform variable selection in linear term and index vector via binary indicators. Our approach is exempt from regularity conditions in frequentist method, and could execute variable selection and quantile regression under mutual posterior correction, which is also the first work to implement them jointly for PLSIM in fully Bayesian framework. The numerical simulation manifests the superiority of our approach to previous methods, which embodied in better efficiency of variable selection, index vector estimates and link function approximation with different error distributions. For illustration of its application, we build a power consumption model of A₂/O process in wastewater treatment and emphatically analyze the impact of water quality factors.     

Women's desire for the kaleidoscope of authenticity,balance and challenge: A multi‐method study of female health workers’ careers

Improved health care and increased life expectancy have extended working lives and changed the nature of work for many women. The aim of this research is to explore women's kaleidoscope career intentions of authenticity, balance and challenge, and understand the impact of life roles on their career choices. The research comprises two studies. In Study 1, interviews with 14 female hospital pharmacists demonstrate how their desire to increase non‐work life roles while caring for ageing parents has influence over their career choices. In Study 2, a survey of 178 female direct care workers confirms life roles’ impact on their kaleidoscope career intentions. Findings demonstrate that different life roles strongly influence women's career choices in a number of ways, primarily their desire to increase their leisure and engagement with activities outside work. In later life, carer responsibilities play an influential role in female career choices, particularly those related to eldercare. Finally, kaleidoscope career intentions may be influenced by life roles. These findings have considerable implications for both the expansion of careers and gender theory, and development of public and business policies aimed at attracting and retaining human resources.     

Estimating Engel curves: a new way to improve the SILC-HBS matching process using GLM methods

Microdata are required to evaluate the distributive impact of the taxation system as a whole (direct and indirect taxes) on individuals or households. However, in European Union countries this information is usually distributed into two separate surveys: the Household Budget Surveys (HBS), including total household expenditure and its composition, and EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC), including detailed information about households'' income and direct (but not indirect) taxes paid. We present a parametric statistical matching procedure to merge both surveys. For the first stage of matching, we propose estimating total household expenditure in HBS (Engel curves) using a GLM estimator, instead of the traditionally used OLS method. It is a better alternative, insofar as it can deal with the heteroskedasticity problem of the OLS estimates, while making it unnecessary to retransform the regressors estimated in logarithms. To evaluate these advantages of the GLM estimator, we conducted a computational Monte Carlo simulation. In addition, when an error term is added to the deterministic imputation of expenditure in the EU-SILC, we propose replacing the usual Normal distribution of the error with a Chi-square type, which allows a better approximation to the original expenditures variance in the HBS. An empirical analysis is provided using Spanish surveys for years 2012–2016. In addition, we extend the empirical analysis to the rest of the European Union countries, using the surveys provided by Eurostat (EU-SILC, 2011; HBS, 2010).