国外保障出版自由立法研究

《公民权益和政治权利国际公约》对出版自由以国际公约的形式对各缔国加以约束,不同社会制度、不同文化传统、不同发展阶段的国家的宪法或其他法律,对出版自由一般都有明文的规定。研究世界各国法律、法规对于出版自由的规定,可以对我国出版自由立法形成有益的借鉴,同时紧跟国际形势,推进我国的出版贸易。     

徐梵澄的印度文学哲学经典汉译

本文介绍和评价了著名学者徐梵澄先生（1909．10．26～2000．3．6）在翻译印度文学和哲学重要典籍方面所取得的非凡成就。     

“岂不怀匡济,天运当何如”──论天然禅师的安攘匡济情怀与通脱的应世方式

清初岭南佛门领袖天然禅师,年轻时抱有强烈的报国安民的情怀。虽然在明亡之前即已剃度,但安攘济世之心并未泯灭。甲申、乙酉之后,身为僧人的他,并未真正弃绝世事。他的一些行为仍与变乱的时局密切相关。其后,他在诗歌中不断地抒写着故国丘墟之感。其沧海桑田之作俨然前明遗民。尽管如此,他并没有拒绝与新朝官员的交接。甚至其诗歌中还有一些肯定新朝官员的作品。可以看出天然禅师在应世方式上是相当通脱的。     

论金融危机下我国中小企业融资困难的成因及对策

金融危机下,中小企业融资难除了国际因素外,既有企业自身的原因,也有金融部门和地方政府等外在原因。解决中小企业融资难问题必须通过企业自身的努力和国家、金融部门、地方政府以及社会各方面的支持和帮助,才能得以实现。     

秦汉礼制中渗透的神学观念——以河北地区为例

秦汉时期,是宗教与封建专制融合的时代,以方术、巫术为基础的宗天神学和谶纬神学得到统治者推崇,对秦汉政治、文化产生了深刻的影响,甚至秦汉时期许多封建礼制和典章制度,都源于方术及其相关的宗教信仰。而河北地区的燕赵故地,正是神学宗教盛行的地区。以大量史实为基础,研究秦汉礼制中蕴含的神学宗教,可剖析封建礼制与宗教的关系和相互作用。     

“期刊承认”VS“共同体承认”:我国学术知识生产动力机制的“悖论”

共同体的承认是知识生产的根本动力,在西方期刊承认乃共同体承认的有机组成部分,学术人努力生产、发表创新性的知识以赢得共同体的承认.然而在我国,量化考评下的期刊承认并未得到大部分学术人的真正认同,已非共同体承认的一部分,学术人生产知识主要是为了取得形式化的期刊承认以满足各种实用性的目的,而非生产出创新性的知识以赢得实质性的共同体承认,期刊承认与共同体承认之间的冲突导致了我国学术知识生产动力机制的失灵.为了化解两者之间矛盾,我们一方面应使同行评议机制在各种学术评价活动中占据主导地位,另一方面要进一步完善学术期刊的匿名评审制度,以弥合期刊承认与共同体承认之间的断裂,从而真正激励学术知识的生产.     

悲剧的现代体验——徐志摩小说创作论

徐志摩区分出了不同层次种类的情,其中朝向大自然的热情最为显明。其小说呈现了人类遭遇现代后的搏斗的体验,反映了日常生活的残酷性和非人性,意在维护情爱的理想,为感情张目;志在揭示平凡生活中的摩擦,不厌其烦地制造习常和平中的悲剧,展现生活中的压抑和痛苦。     

不动产善意取得制度与公示公信制度的协调与适用

随着善意取得制度的发展,不动产善意取得制度在大陆法系国家陆续被确立,我国也在新的物权法中规定出不动产善意取得制度.但是我国存在着严格的公示公信制度,这个制度可以最大限度的解决不动产的纠纷,在这种情况下,不动产善意取得制度的存在必要性就受到质疑.文章通过对这两个制度的分析比较,指出不动产善意取得制度存在的必要性以及适用情况.     

Identifying the most successful dose (MSD) in dose-finding studies in cancer

For a dose finding study in cancer, the most successful dose (MSD), among a group of available doses, is that dose at which the overall success rate is the highest. This rate is the product of the rate of seeing non-toxicities together with the rate of tumor response. A successful dose finding trial in this context is one where we manage to identify the MSD in an efficient manner. In practice we may also need to consider algorithms for identifying the MSD which can incorporate certain restrictions, the most common restriction maintaining the estimated toxicity rate alone below some maximum rate. In this case the MSD may correspond to a different level than that for the unconstrained MSD and, in providing a final recommendation, it is important to underline that it is subject to the given constraint. We work with the approach described in O'Quigley et al. [Biometrics 2001; 57(4):1018-1029]. The focus of that work was dose finding in HIV where both information on toxicity and efficacy were almost immediately available. Recent cancer studies are beginning to fall under this same heading where, as before, toxicity can be quickly evaluated and, in addition, we can rely on biological markers or other measures of tumor response. Mindful of the particular context of cancer, our purpose here is to consider the methodology developed by O'Quigley et al. and its practical implementation. We also carry out a study on the doubly under-parameterized model, developed by O'Quigley et al. but not     

Using unlabelled data to update classification rules with applications in food authenticity studies

Summary.  An authentic food is one that is what it purports to be. Food processors and consumers need to be assured that, when they pay for a specific product or ingredient, they are receiving exactly what they pay for. Classification methods are an important tool in food authenticity studies where they are used to assign food samples of unknown type to known types. A classification method is developed where the classification rule is estimated by using both the labelled and the unlabelled data, in contrast with many classical methods which use only the labelled data for estimation. This methodology models the data as arising from a Gaussian mixture model with parsimonious covariance structure, as is done in model-based clustering. A missing data formulation of the mixture model is used and the models are fitted by using the EM and classification EM algorithms. The methods are applied to the analysis of spectra of food-stuffs recorded over the visible and near infra-red wavelength range in food authenticity studies. A comparison of the performance of model-based discriminant analysis and the method of classification proposed is given. The classification method proposed is shown to yield very good misclassification rates. The correct classification rate was observed to be as much as 15% higher than the correct classification rate for model-based discriminant analysis.