Normal approximation in an urn model with indistinguishable balls

For the Bose-Einstein Statistics, where n indistinguishable balls are distributed in m urns such that all the arrangements are equally likely, define the random variables

M_k = number of urns containing exactly k balls each;

N_k = number of urns containing at least k balls each.

We consider the approximation of the distributions of M_k and N_k by suitable normal distributions, for large but finite m. Estimates are found for the error in the approximation to both the probability mass function and the distribution function in each case. These results apply also to the alternative model where no urn is allowed to be empty. The results are illustrated by some numerical examples.     

A cubic smoothing spline based lack of fit test for nonlinear regression models

The use of a statistic based on cubic spline smoothing is considered for testing nonlinear regression models for lack of fit. The statistic is defined to be the Euclidean squared norm of the smoothed residual vector obtained from fitting the nonlinear model, The asymptotic distribution of the statistic is derived under suitable smooth local alternatives and a numerical example is presented.     

A new estimator of entropy

Vasicek (1976) proposed an estimator of entropy based on spacings. A new estimator of entropy is proposed. This new estimator is based on local linear regression. Comparisons between this new estimator and Vasicek's estimator are made. The mean square error (MSE) of the new estimator is consistently smaller than the MSE of Vasicek's estimator.     

四川民族地区经济发展与社会稳定战略的实现途径

民族地区的社会稳定与经济发展息息相关。区域资源综合开发和整体开发资源是经济发展和社会稳定的血脉和基础,因此民族地区要要立足特色优势资源,全面落实科学发展观,加强资源整合与综合利用,发展资源节约型和环境友好型产业,构建特色优势产业体系,才能最终促进四川民族地区经济与社会的可持续发展。“十二五”期间,四川民族地区将进入经济发展与社会稳定的重要阶段,本文从加强民族地区整合优势资源,构建优势产业体系出发,阐述了推进传统特色农牧业向现代特色农牧业跨越,以及维护社会稳定的具体措施。     

博弈视角下的房价调控分析

目前,国家正在积极对房价进行调控,并出台了一系列调控政策。但由于中央政府和地方政府在双方调控收益方面的差异,使得调控政策执行还未完全发挥其最大效果。通过博弈论的方法分析在不同信息条件下中央与地方政府对房价政策的博弈可以看出,中央政府对地方政府规制的成本过高,是我国高房价难以制止的原因;通过引入公众参与机制,同时加强制度约束等方式可以降低规制成本;通过减少中央政府调控成本、合理建立中央对地方政府的激励和约束机制等途径,可以改善我国现有房地产市场的调控效果。     

Path(ological) Dependency? Core Competencies from an Organizational Perspective

The development of the 'resource-based theory of the firm' has helped to reorient the field of strategic management towards a focus on the organizational processes and structures which produce 'core competencies'. By challenging previous assumptions of market determinism this approach seems to open up the prospect of a greater dialogue with the theories and concerns of organization studies. This paper aims to determine the scope of such a dialogue by developing an appreciation and critique of the core competencies framework from an organizational perspective. In this context, the key feature of resource-based theories is seen to be their focus on organizational knowledge rather than decision-making processes as the engine of competitive performance. This focus has a powerful resonance with studies of knowledge in organizations, particularly those forms of knowledge which are linked to product and process design.
However, despite the important shift towards a knowledge-based view of competition, the core competencies approach fails to follow the logic of its own argument as far as the organizational appropriation of knowledge is concerned. In their pursuit of an ontological model of competitive performance –defining the essential causes of firm competitiveness – resource-based approaches neglect the socially embedded qualities of organizational knowledge. As a result, the social construction of knowledge, encompassing the dilemmas posed by the employment relationship and the pitfalls of institutionalization, is neglected. Instead, a smoothly linear model is developed linking skills, competence and competitiveness. This mechanistic view is further reinforced by reliance on a command and control model of the management process. Organizational knowledge is not a biddable resource at the disposal of top management.     

我们需要什么样的工程哲学

工程在人类活动中的地位变得日益重要的同时,也对社会、政治和环境提出了日益严峻的挑战.思考这些问题,我们应该立足于作为一门有别于传统科学技术哲学的工程哲学.古希腊以来,科学与工程一直被认为代表了西方文化两种不同的传统.但在哲学发生历史主义转向后,两种不同的合理性走向融合.在科学的社会研究变得时髦的今天,我们对工程这种物质性活动进行哲学研究的进路就再也不能采用传统哲学那种单一的规范化方法,而应该将其视为一种特殊的文化活动,从多维外部视点来理解.工程知识和工程实践的特性使得工程哲学应该超越传统的规范化方法,而去描述作为一种社会活动的工程实践,并在容纳各个外部视点后综合每个视点所形成的视图,为工程活动"拼凑一种更好的描述".     

Multivariate bandwidth selection for local linear regression

The existence and properties of optimal bandwidths for multivariate local linear regression are established, using either a scalar bandwidth for all regressors or a diagonal bandwidth vector that has a different bandwidth for each regressor. Both involve functionals of the derivatives of the unknown multivariate regression function. Estimating these functionals is difficult primarily because they contain multivariate derivatives. In this paper, an estimator of the multivariate second derivative is obtained via local cubic regression with most cross-terms left out. This estimator has the optimal rate of convergence but is simpler and uses much less computing time than the full local estimator. Using this as a pilot estimator, we obtain plug-in formulae for the optimal bandwidth, both scalar and diagonal, for multivariate local linear regression. As a simpler alternative, we also provide rule-of-thumb bandwidth selectors. All these bandwidths have satisfactory performance in our simulation study.     

地方高校经济管理类专业实验室一体化建设探析

在资源约束条件下,地方高校经济管理类专业实验室实行一体化建设模式有利于最大限度地提高资源利用效率,并对加强学科建设,培养应用型和创新型人才,以及开展产学研活动和服务地方经济建设具有显著作用。一体化建设的四种形式各有自身的功能和效用,必须给予明确的定位。为应对当前本专业实验室一体化的需要,在理论研究和实况调查的基础上,拟订出推进建设的四项措施。     

地方高校大学英语课程结构的优化

本文阐述了地方高校大学英语教学长期延用的课程结构体系中存在的一些主要问题,并针对这些问题,提出了建立新型课程结构应该考虑的五个方面。