区域经济因素对外商在华直接投资区位选择的影响

以我国各省、市、区相关数据为样本采用相关分析的方法从九个方面就区域经济因素对外商在我国直接投资区位选择的影响进行了研究。研究表明,区域出口依存度等因素对外商在我国直接投资区位选择具有重要影响;区域经济发展水平等因素对外商在我国直接投资区位选择具有较大的影响;区域劳动力素质等因素对外商在我国直接投资区位选择有一定的影响;劳动力成本对外商在我国直接投资区位选择的影响较小。     

电力企业备件仓库选址模型分析

本文以某省电力集团公司所属市级供电公司的备件供应体系为研究背景,深入分析备件管理中的各项成本构成,挖掘出资金占压成本和跌价计提成本等隐性成本,提高了成本统计的准确性和完备性;然后从成本最小的角度出发,建立符合企业业务流程、地理特征和电力企业特定服务要求的备件仓库选址模型,并根据具体应用环境的特点进行合理的剪裁,最后对模型的计算复杂度等进行了初步的分析.     

湖北自贸试验区的制度创新:实践特征、理论内涵与政策启示

建设湖北自贸试验区是新发展阶段全面深化改革、扩大开放的系统性探索和战略实践,从动态演进论与制度变迁、制度经济学的交易成本论以及公共经济学的公共物品供需视角,对自贸试验区制度创新的理论逻辑与实践意义予以系统研究。研究发现,湖北自贸试验区围绕加快转变政府职能、深化投资领域改革、促进贸易转型升级、推动金融开放创新、创新驱动发展以及服务国家战略等方面展开了一系列制度创新实践,逐步形成由浅入深、由线下向线上线下协同发展、由共性领域向特色领域逐步延伸、从前项到末端统筹安排、借鉴与创新并举以及集中推广与自主运用相结合的改革创新发展路径。研究认为,推动湖北自贸试验区的制度创新,充分发挥其在破解地方深层次结构性发展矛盾和扩展增长赋能空间上的功能内涵,需要在顶层制度设计方面,加强与国内国际双循环新发展格局相互衔接,通过完善监管体系设计、提升行政服务效率来转变政府监管职能和健全市场监管,构建由法律法规、行政规章、规范性文件共同组成的、与国际规范兼容协调的法制框架和政策体系,统筹为国家试制度、出经验的全局性战略目标与谋求为地区经济发展注活力、添动力的局部性现实需求之间的激励导向; 在具体实施路径层面,持续优化开放平台、营商环境和加强口岸智慧功能建设,着力培育和强化大城市、大枢纽、大口岸、大平台、大产业以及一流的营商环境等,构建开放型经济新体制和多维量化评估指标体系,实现自贸试验区制度创新实践探索、经验成效审视验证、赋能社会经济发展以及长远建设规划目标的有机协调统一,助力湖北建设新时代内陆开放新高地。     

企业选址、集聚经济与城市竞争力

经济学所关心的不外乎是生产什么?怎么生产?为谁生产?而本文讨论的主旨,则聚焦于在哪里生产?也就是要问:企业在哪里选址?企业在哪里进行相关的生产和经营活动?究竟都受哪些因素的影响和制约?无疑,地理和区位已成为管理的核心原则之一,选址是企业发展中的重大决策行为。本文尝试用集聚经济理论探讨企业选址和城市竞争力之间的关系,将企业选址指向性的内容拓宽到城市和区域的多个领域。     

黄石地方高校应定位于为地方经济和社会发展服务

黄石地方政府办高校已有二、三十年历史了 ,但适用人才匮乏始终困扰着黄石地方经济和社会发展 ,地方高校对此有不可推卸的责任。为了继续获得地方政府的支持 ,为了地方高校的持续发展 ,黄石地方高校应定位于为地方经济和社会发展服务。     

试论用人失察责任追究制度

建立健全用人失察责任追究制度是我国遏制用人腐败、保证高素质的人才进入各级党政领导机关的一条有效的途径。为此 ,必须以“三个代表”为指导 ,科学地界定用人失察责任追究的基本涵义、基本原则以及该制度的基本内容和运行机制。     

Design and implementation methodology based on Petri net formalism of flexible manufacturing systems control

This paper presents an aided design methodology of flexible manufacturing system control with a view to industrial implementation. The approach considered through a modelling phase, the a validation phase by simulation and finally a distributed implementation phase. In the modelling phase, based on the Petri net formalism, we demonstrate the hierarchical aspect which separates the part flow control and the product resource control. In addition, we emphasize generic aspects which allow us to use an object-oriented approach. These aspects and the set of modelled objects are directly used in the simulation and production phases after an automatic translation in an implementation language (ADA in our case). In consequence, the distributed location for those two phases is well facilitated from the viewpoint of the approach used.     

通货膨胀下的联合库存选址模型研究

研究了通货膨胀对涉及一个供应商、多个候选配送中心和零售商的三级分销网络设计的影响.不同于传统的联合库存选址模型,所研究的模型考虑了整个系统的相关成本的时间价值,其目标是使在一定的通货膨胀率下总的选址、运输和库存成本之和的现值最小.为此,建立了一个非线性的整数规划模型,该模型为无容量约束问题的扩展模型,属于NP-hard问题.提出了3种基于不同编码形式的遗传算法用于求解该模型,并通过不同规模的算例对3种算法进行了有效性的分析和对比.最后,通过对各算例的计算结果的分析,发现随着通货膨胀率的增长,为了使这个分析网络的总成本现值最小,需要增加建立的DC的数量.     

An improved approximation algorithm for uncapacitated facility location problem with penalties

In this paper, we consider an interesting variant of the classical facility location problem called uncapacitated facility location problem with penalties (UFLWP for short) in which each client is either assigned to an opened facility or rejected by paying a penalty. The UFLWP problem has been effectively used to model the facility location problem with outliers. Three constant approximation algorithms have been obtained (Charikar et al. in Proceedings of the Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, pp. 642–651, 2001; Jain et al. in J. ACM 50(6):795–824, 2003; Xu and Xu in Inf. Process. Lett. 94(3):119–123, 2005), and the best known performance ratio is 2. The only known hardness result is a 1.463-inapproximability result inherited from the uncapacitated facility location problem (Guha and Khuller in J. Algorithms 31(1):228–248, 1999). In this paper, We present a 1.8526-approximation algorithm for the UFLWP problem. Our algorithm significantly reduces the gap between known performance ratio and the inapproximability result. Our algorithm first enhances the primal-dual method for the UFLWP problem (Charikar et al. in Proceedings of the Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, pp. 642–651, 2001) so that outliers can be recognized more efficiently, and then applies a local search heuristic (Charikar and Guha in Proceedings of the 39th IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, pp. 378–388, 1999) to further reduce the cost for serving those non-rejected clients. Our algorithm is simple and can be easily implemented. The research of this work was supported in part by NSF through CAREER award CCF-0546509 and grant IIS-0713489. A preliminary version of this paper appeared in the Proceedings of the 11th Annual International Computing and Combinatorics Conference (COCOON’05).     

Failure Probability Under Parameter Uncertainty

In many problems of risk analysis, failure is equivalent to the event of a random risk factor exceeding a given threshold. Failure probabilities can be controlled if a decisionmaker is able to set the threshold at an appropriate level. This abstract situation applies, for example, to environmental risks with infrastructure controls; to supply chain risks with inventory controls; and to insurance solvency risks with capital controls. However, uncertainty around the distribution of the risk factor implies that parameter error will be present and the measures taken to control failure probabilities may not be effective. We show that parameter uncertainty increases the probability (understood as expected frequency) of failures. For a large class of loss distributions, arising from increasing transformations of location‐scale families (including the log‐normal, Weibull, and Pareto distributions), the article shows that failure probabilities can be exactly calculated, as they are independent of the true (but unknown) parameters. Hence it is possible to obtain an explicit measure of the effect of parameter uncertainty on failure probability. Failure probability can be controlled in two different ways: (1) by reducing the nominal required failure probability, depending on the size of the available data set, and (2) by modifying of the distribution itself that is used to calculate the risk control. Approach (1) corresponds to a frequentist/regulatory view of probability, while approach (2) is consistent with a Bayesian/personalistic view. We furthermore show that the two approaches are consistent in achieving the required failure probability. Finally, we briefly discuss the effects of data pooling and its systemic risk implications.