Binary discrimination methods for high-dimensional data with a geometric representation

Four binary discrimination methods are studied in the context of high-dimension, low sample size data with an asymptotic geometric representation, when the dimension increases while the sample sizes of the classes are fixed. We show that the methods support vector machine, mean difference, distance-weighted discrimination, and maximal data piling have the same asymptotic behavior as the dimension increases. We study the consistent, inconsistent, and strongly inconsistent cases in terms of angles between the normal vectors of the separating hyperplanes of the methods and the optimal direction for classification. A simulation study is done to assess the theoretical results.     

文艺复兴时期艺术视觉下的时空意识与康德的时空观

文艺复兴时期时空已经普遍作为一种认识的基础体现在艺术创作中,经典的案例就是透视法,它的作用不是为了呈现对象的客观真实性,而是为了建构符合视觉感受的主观真实性。联系康德对象符合知识的论断看,知识的产生要以感性直观为前提和手段,而感性直观的纯形式又表现为时间和空间,并存在于心灵中;康德对象符合知识的论断实际上是要求对象符合人的心灵感觉,康德这种哥白尼式的认识,显然是其将时空心灵化后必然要作出的论断。而文艺复兴的时空意识要求对象符合人的视觉感受,人们认识的对象就是一个感官经验的世界,是一个符合透视法知识的世界,一个被心灵化了的世界。这正是文艺复兴的时空意识对于康德时空观所具有的意义。     

基于支持向量机的股市风格轮换策略研究

作为一种增加潜在收益的工具,风格轮换策略已经成为广为接受的金融投资策略.通过对几种常见的风格轮换模型进行比较,采取支持向量机分别建立规模溢价和价值溢价的预测模型,根据预测结果形成规模风格和价值/成长风格轮换策略,并检验这种积极风格轮换策略在中国股市的有效性.研究结果表明,中国股市存在显著的价值溢价,规模风格轮换策略业绩显著优于消极持有小盘股策略和市场收益,适合采取规模风格轮换策略进行短期投资;消极持有价值股的投资策略业绩显著优于规模风格轮换的投资策略,这暗示在长期投资上更适合采取买入并持有价值股的消极风格投资策略.     

基于支持向量机模型的北京市能源需求预测研究

北京市能源需求系统具有非线性、历史数据较少而影响因素众多等复杂特征, 而支持向量机模型在解决小样本、非线性及高维模式识别问题方面具有突出优势。为此, 引入支持向量机模型对北京市1978-2010年能源需求进行建模, 并据此对2012-2020年能源需求量进行预测。结果表明:支持向量机模型能有效拟合北京市能源需求系统的复杂变化趋势, 比其他传统方法有更高的预测精度。研究发现, 2012-2020年北京市能源需求量逐年增加, 年均增速2.75%;另外, 北京市能源需求的增速在“十三五”期间会比“十二五”期间略有趋缓。     

高校思想政治教育审美化解析

文章对高校思想政治教育审美化的相关问题进行了深度解析.主要论述了思想政治教育审美关系的呈现、实施过程中的审美显现、教育环境的审美创设、教育者的审美诉求,以及受教育者审美生成等问题.有助于转变固有的思想政治教育理念,为思想政治教育的有效运行探索新的途径.     

Dual effects of ‘losses disguised as wins’ and near-misses in a slot machine game

Individually, both near-misses and losses disguised as wins (LDWs) have been seen to exert pro-motivational effects on gambling. However, it is not clear whether both structural characteristics are effective within the same game. Participants (n = 40) played a slot machine simulation. The simulation delivered near-misses, wins and ‘full-misses’. Half the participants also received LDWs that occurred independently of the outcomes on the payline. Valence and motivation ratings were collected after each round. Results showed that the LDW group reported increased valence ratings compared to the no-LDW group. Within the LDW group, trials with LDWs also resulted in increased enjoyment compared to trials without LDWs. We distinguished near-misses falling either side of the payline. Near-misses before the payline (NMB) were rated as more motivational than near-misses after the payline (NMA), whereas NMAs were rated as more aversive than NMBs. These differences between the two near-miss types were exacerbated by LDWs. Results demonstrate LDWs increase the trial-by-trial enjoyment of non-win outcomes. The motivational and hedonic effects of near-misses differed for events either side of the payline, and these differences were exaggerated by the presence of LDWs. Thus, near-misses can retain their effectiveness in complex forms of gambling that also deliver LDWs.     

Knowledge work and practices of seeing: Epistemologies of the eye,gaze, and professional vision

Much practice within organizations is to some extent embodied in and centered on the visual capacities of the agent, the acting subject. Distinguishing between ‘epistemologies of the eye’, i.e. theories of how knowledge is acquired through visual practices, and ‘practices of seeing’, i.e. theories and studies of how vision and visuality are actually used in everyday working life, the paper points to the need to understand vision and visuality in organizational practice. Using the case of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), it is suggested that professional vision, i.e. practices of seeing that are shared within epistemic communities, is firstly technologically mediated and, secondly, based on the ability to combine vision, speech, gesture, and other embodied and cognitive resources in order to make sense of the images produced by fMRI technology. The paper concludes that organization theory should examine practices of seeing in greater detail and as part of the project in order to understand how knowledge is constituted and used as a collectively constituted resource within organizations.     

The architect's gaze: The maintenance of collective professional vision in the work of the architect

Knowledge is something which is essentially embodied and present in the collective practices of seeing, in the professional vision of specific communities of knowledge workers. Architects represent a form of professional and knowledge-intensive work that includes both abstract categories such as style and design (‘form’) and material categories (‘matter’). Thus, professional vision is midway between, but also capable of integrating and co-aligning, abstract/intangible and concrete/material knowledge. Exploring how architects draw on vision and know-how in their day-to-day work, as well as in their engagement with a variety of media at a major Swedish firm of architects, the study suggests that the professional vision of the practicing architect is never fully integrated or coherent but must be subject to constant modifications and joint adjustments.     

民众的文学生活权力必须得到尊重——就文学人民性和人民文学问题答刘淮南先生

人民性是一个文学无法回避的现实问题。在近20年的精英文化批判面前,民众的文学和文化需要没有得到过正常的尊重。精英文化要尊重人民群众的文化和文学生存权力;要尊重民众文学和艺术的选择权力;不能低估和贬低民众文学生活的文化价值和审美价值;不能将自己的精英文化立场“贵族化”;精英群体不能只是把矛头指向民众,精英文化是同样需要被批判的。