中小企业法的定位分析

中小企业法是政策法 ,政策目标是决定其定位的重要因素 ;根据我国中小企业目前发展中的突出问题 ,我国的中小企业法应定位于产业政策法     

新能源汽车补贴政策与保有量影响研究:单位补贴、销售奖励与产品差异化

以提升新能源汽车市场保有量和整体质量的补贴政策为背景,建立包括政府、制造商、零售商和消费者在内的动态博弈模型,将产业数量目标、高质量发展目标及补贴预算约束等政策特征纳入模型,对单位补贴、销售奖励以及差异化单位补贴政策的影响进行理论研究发现：在确保政府补贴绩效为正的条件下,政府对制造商和消费者的单位补贴可增加新能源汽车的 市场需求量,并提高制造商和零售商的利润水平;叠加的销售奖励不仅可改善单位补贴的市场结果,还可提高政府补贴绩效.考虑汽车质量的差异化单位补贴在不降低市场需求总量的同时,可减少低质量车的需求量并增加高质量车的需求量.单位补贴的最优值主要由政府设定的数量目标和制造商单位成本决定,数量目标和单位成本越高,则单位补贴越高,但政府补贴绩效越低.     

Separate and Unequal: The Housing Act of 1968 and the Section 235 Program

In recent years scholars have identified racial disparities in wealth and home ownership as crucial factors underlying patterns of racial inequality and residential segregation in American metropolitan housing markets. While numerous federal housing policies have been identified as responsible for reinforcing residential segregation and racial inequalities in home ownership, little research has focused on the segregative effects of the Section 235 program. As one component of the 1968 Housing Act, Section 235 was designed to shift the focus of federal housing policy away from dispensing aid to local housing authorities for building public housing to providing direct supply-side subsidies to the private sector to stimulate home ownership for nonwhites and the poor. Archival and census data, government reports and housing analyses, and oral histories and interviews are used to examine the segregative effects of the Section 235 program in Kansas City, Missouri from 1969 through the early 1970s. Findings indicate that while the housing subsidy program allowed a vast majority of participating white families to purchase new housing in suburban areas, most participating African American families purchased existing homes located in racially transitional neighborhoods in the inner city. These findings corroborate recent research showing how the market-centered focus of federal housing policy has impaired the ability of African Americans to accumulate wealth through home ownership and reinforced racially segregative housing patterns.     

Stress and coping in US organizations: The role of the Employee Assistance Programme

Abstract

The organizational role of the Employee Assistance Programme (EAP) is evaluated with particular respect to managerial and human resources policies and practices. Attention is given to models of the EAP, and an ideal-typical model is discussed. A synoptic view is taken covering the scope of the EAP, the sectors of application, the selection criteria for the EAP, as well as patterns of introduction-all within a contingency framework. A critical analysis is made of the roles of participants within the EAP process, as well as of problematic ethical and professional dimensions which the EAP introduces into organizational functioning. A final section treats the future forms of development which the EAP may follow to satisy both organizational and professional imperatives.     

Optimal Ordering Policies for Stochastic Inventory Problems with Observed Information Delays

Information delays exist in an inventory system when it takes time to collect, process, validate, and transmit inventory/demand data. A general framework is developed in this paper to describe information flows in an inventory system with information delays. We characterize the sufficient statistics for making optimal decisions. When the ordering cost is linear, the optimality of a state‐dependent base‐stock policy is established even when information flows are allowed to cross over time. Additional insights into the problem are obtained via a comparison between our models and the models with stochastic order lead times. We also show that inventory can substitute for information and vice versa.     

基于非参多元Expectile模型的原油价格风险测度研究—宏观不确定性视角

当下政治经济环境存在诸多不确定性,原油价格随着不确定性的增加而大幅波动,因此在当前不确定性环境中建立一个有效的风险预测模型具有重要的实际意义。本文基于非参多元Expectile模型,选取2010年1月5日至2020年1月6日的美国西德克萨斯原油价格的日度数据,构建同时包含地缘政治风险、经济政策不确定性等六个宏观不确定性变量的原油价格风险预测模型。此外,引入APARCH模型和基于蒙特卡罗方法的GARCH模型,比较以上三个模型预测能力。最后,基于预测的VaR值计算调整的Sharpe比率。结论表明,整体上,非参多元Expectile模型能较好处理多个宏观变量包含的信息,具有更高的预测能力。在不确定性事件叠加发生的时期预测表现依然优于其他模型,减少了不确定性增加导致原油市场波动幅度增加带来的风险,具有更强的稳定性。因此,在经济转型的关键时期,本研究可为政策制定者和监管当局面临不确定性上升环境下建立有效的原油价格风险预测模型提供参考,制定应对政策防范化解风险,同时也为投资者在当前复杂的国际形势下提供预测参考,尽量规避损失同时获取收益。     

基于潜在发展态势的我国政府节能政策绩效动态多尺度评价

运用我国1998年至2005年的相关指标数据,研究我国节能政策实施效果,建立我国节能政策绩效评价的指标体系。通过专家调查法和信息熵相结合的方法确定相关指标的权重,对我国节能政策绩效水平进行了评价。基于GM(1,1)模型,对我国节能政策绩效的相关指标进行了潜在态势预测,进行动态评价。     

加强商品粮基地建设 力争重庆市粮食增产

在调查重庆市商品粮基地的基础上指出了发展粮食生产的难点,记述了重庆的粮食流通与贸易政策,分别对商品粮基地建设和发展粮食生产两方面提出了对策建议。     

我国对外开放政策的哲学基础

揭示了目前的世界历史时代是资本主义世界历史时代,这个时代的本质特征是对外开放。当代社会主义是资本主义世界历史时代向共产主义世界历史时代过渡过程中的部分质变。论述了社会主义中国必须对外开放,提高国力,在对外开放中才能有效地防止“和平演变”,显示社会主义的优越性,增强社会主义的吸引力。     

南非物流成本统计方法研究

宏观物流成本是评价一个国家经济发展质量的重要指标,客观、科学地统计宏观物流成本具有非常重要的意义。在系统地介绍了南非物流成本统计模型中的分解与合计统计方法的基础上,着重介绍了合计方法。合计方法是按每一种产品的生产量分别进行统计,比较符合物流运作的实际情况,可以为中国物流成本统计方法的改进提供有益的参考和借鉴。